BACKGROUND: Researches on the hand allograft have been transited from laboratory aspects to clinical application.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical significance of serial monitoring of co-stimulating signals in double hand transplantation.DESIGN: Case controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: From September 2001 to December 2001, a patient who was proposed to have double hand transplantation in the Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University was taken as the subject of the experiment, meanwhile 15healthy adult man were enrolled as controls.METHODS: Before operation, blood sample was collected from the patient once before given immunodepressant and twice after given immunodepressant; blood sample was also collected before arteriovenous connection during operation, as well as once a day during the first week after operation, once every other day on the second week, twice a week on the third and fourth week, followed by once a week for total two month. The first week after operation was taken as inducing period with the remainder as maintaining period. 2 mL peripheral venous blood was collected from healthy adult and anti-coagulated by EDTA of mass scores of 20 g/L.Flowcytometry was used to carry out a serial monitoring of T cell surface co-stimulating moleculars (CD28, CD54, CD11a).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The change of co-stimulatingmolecules on the surface of T lymphocyte before and after transplantation.RESULTS:The changes of the three co-stimulating molecules were consistent with each other after double hand transplantation (CD28,CD54,CD11a),displaying decrement during inducing period comparing to pre-operation [(9.84±5.28)%, (55.50±3.62)%; (71.03±5.33)%, (95.10±1.26)%;(9.40±9.17)%, (29.70±3.23)%] and keeping at lower level at maintaining period [ (22.54±6.56) %, (91.28±8.12 ) %, ( 11.22±4.08 ) %].CONCLUSION:The serial monitoring of the co-stimulating signals in the peripheral blood of patients with linb allograft is beneficial to the observation of the posopertaive immunologic reaction, providing important guidance for the application of immunosuppression medicine, as well as the prediction and diagnosis of postoperative immune rejection. Meanwhile, costimulating signal induced immunological tolerance is proved promising for the application of hand transplantation.

Objective: To understand the current situation of sedentary behaviors among middle school students and its relationship with physical health. Methods: Data came from the Taizhou City and Township Health Survey in 2018. Sedentary behaviors and physical fitness of 2 374 middle school students in Taizhou were analyzed. Results: The total time spent in sedentary behaviors of middle school students in Taizhou was (8.75±1.56) h/d on weekday and (7.34±1.55) h/d on weekend; Compared with students whose screen time <2 h/d in weekday or weekend, weekend homework time <2 h/d and private tutoring class <2 h/d, students whose screen time ≥2 h/d in weekday or weekend, weekend homework ≥2 h/d and private tutoring class ≥2 h/d showed higher rate of low physical fitness(OR was 1.43, 1.37, 1.12, 1.43, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusion Long duration of weekend homework and private tutoring class, as well as high screen time in weekday and weekend is associated with decline of physical fitness among middle school students.

Objective: To analyze the current situation and related factors of physical exercise behavior among high school students, so as to provide theoretical basis for improving their health level. Methods: In May 2022, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 17 high schools in the jurisdiction of Taizhou City. A total of 3 402 high school students were selected by class to conduct a survey on the prevalence and related factors of physical exercise behavior by Chinese Sports Activity Level Scale. And binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influencing factors. Results: Among the surveyed high school students, the rate of poor physical exercise behavior reached 53.4%. The rates of poor physical exercise behavior varied within the group in terms of gender, urban and rural areas, whether they were only children, maternal education, parental emotions, parental exercise habits, parenting styles, family income and academic performance were statistically significant (χ2=12.38, 11.73, 742.71, 28.86, 24.38, 39.98, 71.92, 33.34, 176.97, P<0.01). High school students of grade 3, female students, parents with low education, parents who occasionally and never exercise, intergenerational discipline, low family income, and average academic performance were the tendency factors for poor physical exercise behavior(OR=1.39, 1.18, 1.62, 1.30, 1.36, 2.21, 1.53, 1.46, 1.52, P<0.05). Conclusions The rate of poor physical exercise behavior among high school students in Taizhou City is relatively high and is affected by various factors such as age, gender, academic performance, and family background. It should actively reduce the impact of unfavorable factors, promote high school students to participate in physical exercise, and improve the health level of high school students.

Objective To investigate the effect of Shuxuetong (SXT) on promoting collateral circulation formation and enhancing cerebrovascular reserve capacity in mouse models after ischemic stroke.Methods Fifty-eight C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into blank control group (n=6),SXT group (n=26) and control group (n=26).The mice in the SXT group and control group were subjected to distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) by electrocoagulation,and intraperitoneal administration of SXT (1.5 mL/kg) or equal volume of saline was given 30 min after stroke and repeated every 12 h for the next 3 d.TTC staining was used to assess the volume of infarction one d after ischemic stroke.Adhesive removal tests were performed to evaluate sensorimotor function of the mice before and one,3,7,14,21 and 28 d after stroke,Standardized regional cerebral blood flow (SrCBF) was measured by laser speckle contrast imaging before and one,3,and 7 d after stroke,Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate the numbers of deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate disodium (BrdU)+,BrdU+/von Willebrand factor (vWF)+ and BrdU+/Laminin+ cells and vessel density 7 d after stroke.The expression levels of total protein kinase (AKT),phosphorylated (p)-AKT,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were explored by Western blotting one d after stroke.Results As compared with those in the control group,the infarction volume of SXT group was significantly smaller one d after stroke,SrCBF was significantly higher 3 and 7 d after stroke,and vessel density was significantly increased and numbers of BrdU+/vWF+ and BrdU+/laminin+ cells in the subventricular zone and peri-infarction region were statistically larger 7 d after stroke (P＜0.05).The results of SXT group in behavior experiments were significantly better than those of control group one d after stroke (P＜0.05).The levels of p-AKT and VEGF of SXT group were significantly up-regulated,while MPO level was significantly decreased in peri-infarction tissues as compared with those in the control group one d after stroke (P＜0.05).Conclusion SXT can promote the formation of collateral circulation and enhance the cerebrovascular reserve canacity.

Biotherapeutic's higher order structure(HOS)is a critical determinant of its functional properties and conformational relevance.Here,we evaluated two covalent labeling methods:diethylpyrocarbonate(DEPC)-labeling and fast photooxidation of proteins(FPOP),in conjunction with mass spectrometry(MS),to investigate structural modifications for the new class of immuno-oncological therapy known as bis-pecific antigen-binding biotherapeutics(BABB).The evaluated techniques unveiled subtle structural changes occurring at the amino acid residue level within the antigen-binding domain under both native and thermal stress conditions,which cannot be detected by conventional biophysical techniques,e.g.,near-ultraviolet circular dichroism(NUV-CD).The determined variations in labeling uptake under native and stress conditions,corroborated by binding assays,shed light on the binding effect,and highlighted the potential of covalent-labeling methods to effectively monitor conformational changes that ultimately influence the product quality.Our study provides a foundation for implementing the developed tech-niques in elucidating the inherent structural characteristics of novel therapeutics and their conforma-tional stability.