Objective:To observe the effects of moxibustion on the levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)in the plasma and spleen and the CD4+T-cell number in the spleen of rats with adjuvant arthritis,thus to explore the mechanism in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)treatment with moxibustion by regulating the CD4+T-cell proliferation through G6PD-mediated pentose phosphate pathway. Methods:Twenty-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group,and a moxibustion group,with 9 rats in each group.Incomplete Freund's adjuvant was used to induce inflammation in the model group and the moxibustion group.The blank group and the model group were not intervened.In the moxibustion group,suspended moxibustion was performed at bilateral Zusanli(ST36),Guanyuan(CV4),and Ashi points for 30 min,once a day for 24 times in total.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to evaluate the histopathological changes of rat synovial tissue;the swelling degree of the rat toes was observed by measuring the toe volume;G6PD and NADPH in the spleen and plasma were detected by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Flow cytometry was used to detect the CD4+T-cell number in the spleen. Results:Compared with the blank group,the levels of G6PD and NADPH in the plasma and spleen and the CD4+T-cell number in the spleen were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the NADPH level in the spleen and plasma and the CD4+T-cell number in the spleen in the moxibustion group decreased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the G6PD level in the plasma decreased significantly(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the G6PD level in the spleen(P>0.05). Conclusion:Moxibustion can regulate immunity and improve joint synovial inflammation in RA.The mechanism may be that the G6PD-mediated pentose phosphate pathway reduces the production of metabolite NAPDH in CD4+T cells,thereby inhibiting the proliferation of naive CD4+T cells.

Objective:To investigate the effect of insular involvement on the outcomes of patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.Methods:Patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively included. Demographic data, vascular risk factors, clinical and laboratory data, as well as treatment and outcomes were collected. Firstly, the correlation between the insular involvement and the outcomes was investigated, and then the bootstrap method was used to clarify the mediating role of infarct volume between the insular involvement and the poor outcomes.Results:A total of 450 patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke were enrolled, among whom 79 cases (17.6%) had insular involvement and 41 (9.1%) had left insular involvement. There were 111 (24.7%) with poor outcomes, including 5 (1.1%) died. Compared to the non-insular involvement group, the insular involvement group had a higher proportion of patients with atrial fibrillation, shorter onset to door time, higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission, larger infarct volume, and higher proportion of patients with poor outcomes (all P<0.05). In addition, patients with left insular involvement were younger than those with right insular involvement, had a higher baseline NIHSS score, a lower proportion of patients with minor stroke (NIHSS score ≤8), and had a longer onset to door time (all P<0.05). Compared to the good outcome group, the poor outcome group was older, with a higher proportion of female patients, higher systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, NLR, and NIHSS scores at admission, larger infarct volume, and a higher proportion of patients with insular involvement (all P<0.05). Mediation analysis suggested that the mediating effect of infarct volume between the insular involvement and the poor outcomes was significant (95% confidence interval 0.033-0.230; P=0.008). Conclusions:insular involvement in patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke is associated with the poor outcomes, and this association may be mediated by infarct volume. Patients with left insular involvement may have more severe symptoms than those with right insular involvement, but there is no significant difference in the outcomes.

【Objective】 To investigate the application value of 450 nm blue laser vaporization in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in district hospitals, so as to provide reference for the selection of BPH treatment methods in district-level hospitals. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 39 BPH patients who received surgical treatment in Chang’an Hospital during Jan.and Sep.2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups, including 19 in blue laser group treated with 450 nm blue laser vaporization and 20 in the TURP group treated with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).The operation time, hemoglobin decline, postoperative bladder irrigation time, catheter indwelling time and adverse events were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 All operations were successfully completed.In the blue laser group, the operation time [(45.11±22.08) min vs.(81.25±29.37) min], postoperative bladder irrigation time [(34.05±9.41) h vs.(47.60±9.05) h] and the decrease of hemoglobin [(7.79± 5.86) g/L vs.(16.40±10.23) g/L] were significantly lower than those in the TURP group (P<0.05).There was 1 case of urinary retention in the blue laser group, and there was no significant difference in indwelling catheter time between the two groups (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The 450 nm blue laser vaporization of prostate has advantages of less blood loss, shorter operation time and shorter postoperative irrigation time.Therefore, it should be considered as a preferable option for BPH in primary hospitals.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and improve the diagnosis and treatment of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right coronary sinus with an interarterial course (ALCA-R-IAC) between the ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery in children. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical manifestation, laboratory test, radiological feature, treatment and prognosis were conducted in four female children presented with ALCA-R-IAC in Beijing Children′s Hospital from November 2015 to June 2018. Results: The four girls with onset age of 7.5-14.7 years were diagnosed with ALCA-R-IAC by CT coronary angiography (CTCA). Four children presented with exercise-induced syncope and clinical manifestations of acute myocardial infarction including 3 patients with acute left heart failure, 1 cardiogenic shock and 1 cardiac arrest. Nervous system involvement was found in one patient. Troponin I increased significantly to 20.65-50.00 μg/L in the four patients. Electrocardiogram (ECG) developed signs of left main coronary artery involvement. Echocardiography revealed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 25%-45% in three children and suspected anomalous origin of the left coronary artery in one child. CTCA showed an anomalous left coronary artery originating from the right coronary sinus, which had an interarterial course between the aorta and pulmonary artery leading to a slim left main coronary trunk. Two children underwent unroofing procedure and the other two children in whom physical activities were restricted received conservative managements. During a regular follow-up period of 12-43 months, all the children survived without recurrent symptoms and had good prognosis. Conclusions ALCA-R-IAC can present as exercise-related syncope and acute myocardial infarction, even sudden death in children and adolescents. CTCA is helpful to clarify the early diagnosis of ALCA-R-IAC. Surgical intervention is the main treatment for ALCA-R-IAC and strenuous physical activities should be avoided.