Objective To explore the relationship between the three kinds of urinary proteins and serum magnesium(Mg 2+ ) in diabetic patients. Methods The levels of three kinds of urinary proteins and serum Mg 2+ concentration were measured using Arsenzo-III method and RIA respectively in 246 patients with type 2 diabetes. Results Serum Mg 2+ concentration was associated with the levels of urinary ? 2-microglobulin(? 2-MG), immunoglobulin(IgG) and albumin(Alb), as well as the patients age(P

The study of isolated coronay heart disease (iCHD) (n=17) and CHD+T2DM (n=17) showed that the serum level of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and CHD scores increased in CHD+T2DM group than in iCHD grup, and was positively correlated with CHD scores in CHD population (all P<0.01).

ObjectiveTo investigate the cost-effectiveness ratio of Gd-EOB-DTPA contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EMRI) versus ultrasound in liver cancer screening for the high-risk population. MethodsThe TreeAge Pro 2011 software was used to establish a decision-tree model. A mathematical model was used to simulate the costs and benefits of EMRI or ultrasound screening every 6 months in patients with liver cirrhosis, and the cost-effectiveness ratios under different screening models were calculated. ResultsThe EMRI group had a mean cost of liver cancer screening of 2050.2 RMB each person each time and mean benefits of 0.11 YLG, while the ultrasound group had a mean cost of 262.6 RMB and mean benefits of 0.02 YLG. When the incidence rate of liver cancer was 17.8%, the EMRI group had a similar cost-effectiveness ratio as the ultrasound group, and the cost of 1 YLG was 11445 RMB; EMRI tended to have a lower cost and a better effect in screening with the increase in the incidence rate of liver cancer. The cost-effectiveness ratio of EMRI gradually decreased with the reduction in its price, and its effect in screening gradually increased with the reduction in price. ConclusionThe cost-effectiveness of liver cancer screening is closely related to the incidence rate of liver cancer and the price of screening. EMRI has a good cost-effectiveness ratio in screening when the risk of liver cancer is higher than 17.8%.

Objective:To explore the effect of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) in the management of nosocomial infection, and provide reference for the effective prevention and control of nosocomial infection.Methods:Using FMEA to identify, analyze, evaluate and screen out the high-risk events of nosocomial infection in January 2020, from which two hospital level priority improvement projects of hand hygiene compliance and blood-borne occupational exposure were determined. After risk control and intervention measures, the effects before and after improvement were compared.Results:Except for the lack of incentive mechanism and insufficient communication between medical and nursing teams, the differences in hand hygiene compliance and blood-borne occupational exposure risk priority coefficients before and after the implementation of FMEA were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After the implementation of FMEA, the hand hygiene compliance was 74.92% (79375/105953) , which was significantly higher than 68.40% (58361/85328) before the implementation of FMEA, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=996.55, P<0.01) . The incidence of blood-borne occupational exposure after the implementation of FMEA was 3.85% (80/2080) , which was lower than the 6.16% (123/1998) before the implementation of FMEA, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=11.49, P<0.01) . Conclusion:FMEA has a good effect in nosocomial infection management. It can identify and evaluate the risk of nosocomial infection prospectively, so as to control the risk effectively.

Objective:To explore the effect of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) in the management of nosocomial infection, and provide reference for the effective prevention and control of nosocomial infection.Methods:Using FMEA to identify, analyze, evaluate and screen out the high-risk events of nosocomial infection in January 2020, from which two hospital level priority improvement projects of hand hygiene compliance and blood-borne occupational exposure were determined. After risk control and intervention measures, the effects before and after improvement were compared.Results:Except for the lack of incentive mechanism and insufficient communication between medical and nursing teams, the differences in hand hygiene compliance and blood-borne occupational exposure risk priority coefficients before and after the implementation of FMEA were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After the implementation of FMEA, the hand hygiene compliance was 74.92% (79375/105953) , which was significantly higher than 68.40% (58361/85328) before the implementation of FMEA, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=996.55, P<0.01) . The incidence of blood-borne occupational exposure after the implementation of FMEA was 3.85% (80/2080) , which was lower than the 6.16% (123/1998) before the implementation of FMEA, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=11.49, P<0.01) . Conclusion:FMEA has a good effect in nosocomial infection management. It can identify and evaluate the risk of nosocomial infection prospectively, so as to control the risk effectively.

Non-invasive mechanical ventilation(NIV)is increasingly being used as a respiratory support technique in clinical practice.However,the pressure-related injuries should not be overlooked.In order to prevent local pressure injuries caused by NIV technology,a series of preventive measures have been adopted in clinical work.These measures include the use of dressings to provide pressure relief to the local skin.Currently,in clinical practice,when using preventive dressings,nurses need to cut them themselves based on the physiological structure of the patient's nose,forehead,or face.However,precise cutting can be challenging.If the dressing is cut too small,it may not provide adequate prevention,and if it's cut too large,it can cover too much skin,affecting the nurse's observation and the patient's comfort.Additionally,during NIV treatment,the preventive dressings used may become curled or displaced,requiring nurses to re-cut and replace them.This process inevitably leads to material wastage,increasing the cost of dressing use for patients.Moreover,the cutting tools used must meet infection control requirements,adding to the nursing workload and reducing the compliance of nurses in changing dressings.Our research team has designed a ready-made pressure injury prevention dressing component for use with NIV masks to prevent pressure injuries to the nasal and facial areas.It is precisely designed,flexible in composition,easy to use,and can provide multiple usage modes.It effectively combines emergency care with pressure relief measures,reducing the occurrence of pressure injuries to the patient's nasal and facial areas.This improves patient comfort and treatment compliance,facilitates technology-based nursing,and enhances clinical efficiency.It has significant clinical application value and has been granted a National Utility Model Patent(ZL 202020529121.6).

Objective To compare the effects of cleaning oral among different nursing methods for patients with dysphagia after brain injury who take food by gastric tube as well as by mouth. Methods A total of 59 patients with dysphagia after brain injury were divided into research group ( 29 cases, mouth nursing by modified method of brushing their teeth and irrigation ) and control group ( 30 cases, mouth nursing by traditional oral care routine) according to the random number table method from October 2012 to May 2014. Results were observed by comparing oral condition, indexes of pharyngeal swab culture and water-swallowing test. Results Incidence rates of halitosis and unclean mouth were all 13. 8% in the research group which were lower than those (73. 3%, 63. 3%) in the control group with statistically significant differences (χ2 =21. 208, 15. 214;P<0. 01). The effective rate of water-swallowing test was 79. 3% in the research group which was higher than that (56. 7%) in the control group (χ2 =12. 202,P<0. 01). There was no statistically significant difference in abnormity rates between two groups before intervention (P >0. 05). The abnormity rate in the research group was lower than that in the control group at 4th week (χ2 =8. 958,P <0. 01). There was statistically significant difference in abnormity rate before interventions and at 4th week in the research group (P<0.01), with no statistically significant difference in the control group (P>0.05). The rate of oral mucosa bleeding was 3. 4% in the research group and 6. 7% in the control with no statistically significant difference (χ2 =0. 316,P >0. 05), but there was no mechanical injury of oral mucosa in two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in index of water-swallowing test between two groups before interventions ( P>0. 05), with significant difference at 4th week (P<0. 01). Conclusions The implementation of mouth nursing by modified method of brushing their teeth and irrigation not only can achieve the purpose to clean oral effectively, but also can reduce oral bacteria and promote the recovery of swallowing function.

OBJECTIVETo explore the anti-tumor effect and its mechanism of Sendai virus Tianjin strain defective interfering particles (DIP) on mouse models of colon carcinoma.

METHODSCT26 cells (5×10(6)/0.1 ml) were subcutaneously injected into the back of Bal B/c mice to establish murine colon carcinoma model. After the tumors reached 5 mm in diameter, the mice were randomly divided into Tianjin strain DIP group and saline control group. The former was intratumorally injected with Tianjin strain DIP (0.1 ml) once a day on day 4, 7, 10 and 13 after CT26 cell inoculation. The latter was intratumorally injected with the same volume of saline. Tumor volume and survival rate of the mice were calculated to confirm the anti-tumor effect of DIP. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to examine the maturation and release of cytokines IL-6, IFN-α and TNF-α from murine myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) induced by Tianjin strain DIP. Moreover, real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to identify whether the Tianjin strain DIP could induce infiltration of CD11c(+) DCs, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the tumors.

RESULTSOn day 22 after CT26 cell inoculation, the average tumor volume of the Tianjin strain DIP group was (33.2 ± 2.0) mm(3), significantly smaller than that of the control group [(2 376.0 ± 130.8)mm(3), P < 0.01]. On day 50 after CT26 cell inoculation, the survival rate of mice was 90.0% in the Tianjin strain DIP group, much higher than that of the control group (30.0%, P < 0.01). Flow cytometry analysis showed that the expression of markers of DCs maturation, including CD40, CD80 and CD86, was dose-dependently increased by DIP or intact virus. No statistically significant difference was found betweent the DIP and intact virus groups. ELISA results showed that DIP could stimulate the secretion of IL-6, IFN-α and TNF-α from mouse DCs. The secretion of all of the cytokines was dose-dependently increased by DIP or intact virus. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that the expression of CD4, CD8 and CD11c mRNAs was increased in tumors treated with DIP compared with that of the saline group at all time points. Moreover, the expression level of all of them remained maximal at 120 h after the last treatment. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the ratios of CD4(+), CD8(+) T cells or CD11c(+) DCs to total cells were (21.60 ± 1.49)%, (22.12 ± 2.84)% and (23.05 ± 2.91)%, respectively, in the DIP-treated tumors. In the tumors treated by saline, the ratios were (2.62 ± 0.60)%, (4.05 ± 0.12)% and (3.10 ± 0.09)%, respectively. The difference between experimental group and control group had statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONSTianjin strain DIP may exert anti-tumor effect on tumor-bearing mice. The mechanism is related with the antitumor immunity induced by DCs and T cells.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Defective Viruses ; immunology ; Dendritic Cells ; metabolism ; Female ; Interferon-alpha ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Random Allocation ; Sendai virus ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism