AIM:To investigate the regulatory role of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in the expression of interleukin-6 in mesangial cells (MC) induced by interleukin-1β.METHODS:Activation of NF-κB was measured by electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). RT/PCR and ELISA were used to detect IL-6 mRNA expression and IL-6 production, respectively.RESULTS:rhIL-1β could rapidly stimulate the activation of NF-κB in MC, and increase the expression of IL-6 mRNA and protein. PDTC, one of the inhibitor of NF-κB， could inhibit the expression of IL-6 in mRNA and protein in MC stimulated by rhIL-1β.CONCLUSION:IL-6 expression induced by IL-1β may be regulated by NF-κB in MC, NF-κB may modulate the immune-inflammatory reaction in glomerular disease.

AIM: To investigate the regulatory role of nuclear factor ?B (NF-?B) in the expression of interleukin-6 in mesangial cells (MC) induced by interleukin-1?.METHODS: Activation of NF-?B was measured by electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). RT/PCR and ELISA were used to detect IL-6 mRNA expression and IL-6 production, respectively.RESULTS: rhIL-1? could rapidly stimulate the activation of NF-?B in MC, and increase the expression of IL-6 mRNA and protein. PDTC, one of the inhibitor of NF-?B, could inhibit the expression of IL-6 in mRNA and protein in MC stimulated by rhIL-1?.CONCLUSION: IL-6 expression induced by IL-1? may be regulated by NF-?B in MC, NF-?B may modulate the immune-inflammatory reaction in glomerular disease.

This paper summarized nursing experience of 23 patients with malignant tumor treated by 3D printing individualized template and 125I seed implantation.Nursing points included:preoperative assessment and preparation,reviewing the process of template conduction,assisting the physician to simulate the position of patients,making treatment plans,preparing templates before operation;resetting and maintaining position of patients,performing template alignment,seed implantation,monitoring vital signs and complications during operation;observation of complications,providing radiation protection and discharge guidance after operation.All 23 patients completed 125I seed implantation and no serious complication was observed.All patients recovered well and were discharged after treatment.

Objective To explore the case mixed method in diagnosis-related groups ( DRGs ) of patients with cervical cancer in Nantong and to provide references for standard hospitalization expense of cervical cancer. Methods 8610 patients with cervical cancer from Nantong Tumor Hospital from 2006 to 2013 were selected for the study. The influencing factors of hospitalization expenses were screened by multiple liner regression. DRGs case mix scheme was established by Chi-squared automatic interaction dtector in the decision tree model. Results The mean hospitalization expense was 11363 yuan and the median was 9325 yuan. The influencing factors included admitting pathways, complications, therapeutic methods and prognosis of diseases. The cases of 8610 formed 11 DRGs combinations, with the corresponding hospitalization expense standards. Conclusions Case-mix diagnosis related groups are reasonable. The standards and related weights of hospitalization expenses could serve references for hospitals and medical insurance institutions.

Objective To explore the clinicopathological features and renal outcomes of primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients with chronic tonsillitis.Methods Patients with biopsyproven primary IgAN admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from January 2006 to December 2011 were enrolled.The clinicopathological features and renal outcomes of patients with and without chronic tonsillitis were retrospectively compared.The primary outcome was progression to end stage renal diseases and/or doubling of serum creatinine.Results A total of 981 primary IgAN patients were enrolled and 98 patients (9.99％) had a history of chronic tonsillitis.Compared with patients without chronic tonsillitis,IgAN patients with chronic tonsillitis exhibited significantly higher prevalence of acute episodes of tonsillitis as a predisposition (P ＜ 0.001),higher serum IgA levels (P=0.012),and higher prevalence of macrohematuria (P=0.006).No significant difference in renal pathological features was observed in patients with and without chronic tonsillitis.Moreover,the renal outcomes were similar as regards IgAN patients with and without chronic tonsillitis.Conclusion IgAN patients with chronic tonsillitis had higher prevalence of acute episodes of tonsillitis and macrohematuria as well as higher serum IgA levels.However,IgAN patients with and without chronic tonsillitis showed no significant difference in renal pathological features and renal outcomes.

Objective: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at Neiguan (PC6) on arrhythmia during acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) in rats. Methods: A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats were used. Ten rats were randomly selected as the blank group, and the remaining 30 rats were randomly divided into a model group and an EA group, with 15 rats in each group. Before modeling, rats in the EA group received one session of EA intervention at bilateral Neiguan (PC6) for 30 min; the other groups were treated with the same grasping and anesthesia for 30 min without intervention. PowerLab physiological recorder was used to record electrocardiograph within 30 min of infarction. After the experiment, cardiac tissue and serum were collected from rats. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the morphological changes of myocardial tissue in the ventricular infarction area of rats in each group. The expression of Cx43 protein in the myocardium of each group was detected by Western blotting (WB). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase in myocardial tissue and the serum content of endogenous digitalis-like factor (EDLF) in rats. Results: There was no statistical difference in arrhythmia score between the EA group and the model group, but the total duration and average duration of arrhythmia in the EA group were decreased (P<0.01). HE staining showed that compared with the blank group, myocardial cells in the model group were disorganized and seriously damaged. The pathological changes in the EA group were similar to those in the model group, but the damage was relatively minor. The results of WB showed that compared with the blank group, the Cx43 expression in myocardial tissue of the model group was decreased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the Cx43 expression in the EA group was increased (P<0.01); compared with the blank group, the Na+-K+-ATPase activity in myocardial tissue of the model group was significantly decreased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the Na+-K+-ATPase activity in the EA group was increased (P<0.01). ELISA results showed that compared with the blank group, the serum EDLF content in the model group was significantly increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the EDLF content in the EA group was decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: EA at Neiguan (PC6) can delay and reduce the onset of arrhythmia during myocardial infarction in the rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of the Cx43 expression in myocardial tissue, improvement of the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase in myocardial tissue, and increase in the content of serum EDLF.

Objective To observe the expression of tyrosine kinase 2(JAK2)and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)in myocardial tissue of rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)by electroacupuncture at"Neiguan"point,and explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture in up regulating JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway,promoting the expression of anti-inflammatory factors,and reducing MIRI injury.Methods Thirty male SD rats with normal echocardiography were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group and electroacupuncture group,with 10 rats in each group.MIRI models were prepared by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD)in model group and electroacupuncture group,while in sham operation group,only threading was performed without ligation.In the electroacupuncture group,electroacupuncture(density wave,2 Hz/100 Hz,2 mA)at bilateral"Neiguan"points was performed on the 1st,3rd and 5th days after the modeling operation,once a day,20 minutes each time.The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)of rats on the 1st,3rd and 5th day after operation was observed by echocardiography to evaluate cardiac function;HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat myocardium;The myocardial fibrosis was observed by Masson staining;The expression of IL-4 and IL-6 in myocardium was detected by ELISA;The expressions of IL-1β and IL-10 in myocardial tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry;The expression of JAK2,p-JAK2,STAT3,p-STAT3 protein in myocardial infarction area was measured by Western blot.Results Compared with sham operation group,EF in model group decreased significantly(P<0.05),fibrosis area increased(P<0.05),IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-1β The content of JAK2,p-JAK2,STAT3,p-STAT3 protein increased(P<0.05);Compared with the model group,the EF of rats in the electroacupuncture group increased(P<0.05),the fibrotic area of rats in the electroacupuncture group decreased(P<0.05),the content of IL-4 and IL-10 increased,and IL-6 and IL-1β The expression of JAK2,p-JAK2,STAT3,p-STAT3 protein increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at Neiguan point can significantly up regulate JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway,reduce the secretion of proinflammatory factors,increase the expression of anti-inflammatory factors,and alleviate myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.

OBJECTIVE To identify and classify the chemical components and components absorbed into blood of Sishen Pills u-sing ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry.METHODS SD rats were divided into blank group and drug administration group.The rats in drug administration group were given water extract of Sishen Pills formula intragastrically,and blank and drug-containing plasma were collected respectively.A Hypersil GOLD VANQUISH column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.9 μm)was used,with 0.1%formic acid water acetonitrile as the mobile phase,gradient elution,volume flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1,and column temperature of 35℃.Electrospray ion source(ESI)with positive and negative ion scanning mode was used for chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry data acquisition.The chemical components of Sishen Pills were identi-fied by comparing the exact molecular mass,fragment ion information and relative retention time with the map of reference substance,matching with the self-established database and combining with literature reports.On this basis,the components absorbed into blood of Sishen Pills were analyzed by comparing the blank plasma and drug-containing plasma.RESULTS A total of 181 chemical compo-nents were identified from Sishen Pills,mainly including flavonoids,alkaloids,lignans and other components.A total of 49 prototype blood components were identified from the plasma samples,mainly including flavonoids,alkaloids and other components.CONCLU-SION A variety of chemical components in Sishen Pills and drug-containing plasma are comprehensively,accurately and quickly i-dentified,and all of them are assigned to the various medicinal materials in the prescription.This study provides reference for the qual-ity control,basic research on medicinal effect materials and clinical application of Sishen Pills.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of resveratrol promoting fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing 5 (FNDC5) degradation in skeletal muscle of male obese mice． Methods: Six-week-old male C57BL /6 mice were randomly divided into three groups : standard control diet ( SCD) ，high-fat diet ( HFD) and high-fat diet treated with resveratrol (HFD + RES) ．HFD + RES group was intervened with resveratrol via gavage ［400 mg / kg · d) ］ while fed HFD for 20 weeks．The body mass，serum TG，TC，LDL-C and HDL-C levels were detected．The pathological changes in skeletal muscle were detected by HE staining．The expression of FNDC5，SIRT1，SIRT2，LC3， p62，Beclin-1，ATG5，ATG7 was assessed by immunohistochemistry，RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Results: The body mass ，serum TG ，TC and LDL-C levels increased significantly ，meanwhile HDL-C levels decreased in HFD group．Lipid deposition between skeletal muscle fibers were obvious in HFD group．The immuno- histochemistry results showed that protein expression levels of SIRT1，SIRT2 and LC3 obviously decreased，while the protein levels of FNDC5 and p62 obviously increased．The expression levels of FNDC5 significantly increased， while the gene expression levels of SIRT1，SIRT2，LC3，Atg7 and Beclin-1 obviously decreased．All these responses were attenuated by treatment with RES． Conclusion RES has obvious effects of lipid-lowering and promoting FNDC5 degradation in skeletal muscle tissues，which may be related with SIRT1 and SIRT2-induced autophagy， thus resulting in degradation of FNDC5 .

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Coptidis Rhizoma and Ophiopogonis Radix on renal tissue injury and epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway in rats with diabetic nephropathy （DN） and explore its possible mechanism of delaying DN. MethodThirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group （6 rats） and a model group （30 rats）. The model group was fed with a high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with streptozotocin （STZ） to establish a rat model of type 2 diabetes. After the successful preparation of the model， the rats were randomly divided into the model group， low， medium， and high dose groups of Coptidis Rhizoma and Ophiopogonis Radix （100， 200， 400 mg·kg^-1）， and metformin group （200 mg·kg^-1）. After administration， the levels of fasting blood glucose （FBG）， 24 h urine protein （24 h-UTP）， creatinine （SCr）， urea nitrogen （BUN）， and uric acid （UA） were detected. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of renal tissue in rats. Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） were used to detect the related protein expression of EGFR， PI3K， and Akt and their mRNA expression levels in the renal tissue of rats in each group. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the levels of FBG， SCr， BUN， UA， 24 h-UTP， and kidney index in the model group were significantly increased （P<0.01）， most renal tubular epithelial cells were necrotic， and the content of collagen in glomeruli was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the above indexes of rats in each administration group were improved to varying degrees. The FBG， SCr， BUN， UA， 24 h-UTP， and kidney index of rats in each dose group and metformin group were significantly decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05）. The necrosis degree of renal tubular epithelial cells was reduced， and the fibrosis area was decreased （P<0.01）. There related protein and mRNA expressions of EGFR， PI3K， and Akt were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionCoptidis Rhizoma and Ophiopogonis Radix can alleviate renal tissue injury in rats with DN， and their mechanism may be related to the regulation of the EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.