Background The ultrasonography for silicone tamponade eye is a problem in diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases,especially for the calculation of intraocular lens (IOL) power.IOL Master is usually used to the biometric measurement of the silicone tamponade eye in well-equipped hospital,but it is still disabled in serious cataractous eyes.Corrective B or A-type ultrasound methods have been used for a fewer years,but these measured results are incomparable probably due to the difference of viscosity of silicone oils.Objective This study attempted to investigate the accuracy of B-type ultrasonography for ocular axial length (AL) measurement in silicone tamponade eyes.Methods The transmitting speed of ultrasonic wave in the silicone oil was determined by comparing the outcomes between balance solution mesuring and 5 500 mPas silicone oil,and a calculating formula for corrective ocular AL in 5 500 mPas silicone filled eyes was further established.Thirty-two eyes of 30 patients who received 5 500 mPas silicone oil tamponade due to complex retinal detachment were enrolled in Qingdao Hiser Medical Group from May 2012 to March 2014.The eyes were assigned to the AL＜26 mm group (18 eyes of 16 patients) and AL≥26 mm group (14 eyes of 14 patients).B-scan ultrasound and IOL Master were used to measure the AL before the removal of the silicone oil,and the Als were measured again using A-scan ultrasound and B-scan ultrasound 3 months after the removal of the silicone oil.The outcomes were compared and the correlations were evaluated among different measuring methods.The vitrous length values before and after removal of the oils,and the diopters before and after intraocular pressure (IOP) implantation were compared to varify the results of B-type sonography for 5 500 mPas silicone-tamponade eyes.Results The transmitting speed of sound wave in 5 500 mPas silicone oil was 1 023 m/second with the conversion factor 0.668 between silicon oil eyes and vitreous cavity,and the corrected formula for AL measurement was:the length form cornea apex to the posterior pole of lens or the center of the capsular membrane+ 0.668×the length form posterior pole of lens or the center of the capsular membrane to the macular area.No significnant differences were found in the AL values among the corrective-B scan,IOL Master method,postoperative Bscan method and A-scan method both in the AL＜26 mm group and the AL≥26 mm group (AL＜26 mm:F=0.108,P =0.955;AL ≥ 26 mm:F =0.011,P =0.998),and the AL values by corrective B-scan was significantly correlated with that by IOL Master,postoperative B-scan and A-scan,respectively (AL＜26 mm group:r =0.876,0.921,0.809,all at P＜0.01;AL ≥ 26 mm group:r =0.943,0.956,0.955,all at P＜0.01).The vitreous cavity depth was (20.78 ±2.13)mm by corrective B-scan in 1 day before the removal of silicone,and that in 3 months after removal of silicone was (20.89±2.16) mm,without statistical diference between them (t =0.795,P =0.219).The actual postoperative refraction in 16 eyes with IOL was (-1.25 ± 1.69) D,and preoperative refrection was (-1.50 ±0.00) D,the difference was not statistically significant (t =0.585,P =0.284).Conclusions The biometry of B-scan ultrasonography for silicone-tamponade eye is accurate and simple,with a good feasibility in clinical measurement.

Objective To explore the effect of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) on adhesion,migration and morphology of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods We isolated and cultured BMSCs from wild-type and NCAM gene knockout mice.The expression of NCAM was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence.Wound healing and adhesion assays were used to detect cell migration and adhesion ability respectively.The morphological changes were observed and the expressings of protein β1 integrin,E-cadherin,β-catenin and N-cadherin were analysed by Western blot.Results The migration and adhesion of BMSCs were significantly reduced after NCAM gene knockout.Meanwhile,the expression of β1 integrin was lower than those in wild-type BMSCs (P<0.01).The morphology of NCAM gene knockout BMSCs changed from irregular to flattened,and expressed epithelial identification marker E-cadherin and β-catenin (P<0.05).However,the expression level of mesenchymal identification marker N-cadherin was decreased (P<0.01).Conclusions NCAM is involved in adhesion and migration of BMSCs via regulating the expression of β1 integrin.Furthermore,NCAMmay negatively regulate the mesenchymal-epithelial transitions of BMSCs.

AIM:To determine whether human peritoneal mesothelial cells express CD40. METHODS:Human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) were harvested from spent peritoneal dialysis effluent and maintained under defined in vitro conditions. Expression of CD40, CD40L and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on HPMC under normal culture or stimulation with interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-1 and LPS were detected by FACS analysis. The relationship between CD40 expression and ICAM-1 expression on HPMC was analyzed.RESULTS:HPMC cultured in vitro expressed CD40 constitutively. The surface expression of CD40 was markedly up-regulated following stimulation with IFN-γ, but not with TNF-α, IL-1 and LPS. CD40L expression on HPMC was not detected. The expression of ICAM-1 on HPMC was significantly increased by stimulation with IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1, LPS, respectively; the most effective inducer on ICAM-1 expression was IFN-γ. The CD40 expression co-localizes with the expression of ICAM-1 and there was positive correlation between CD40 and ICAM-1 expression on HPMC. CONCLUSION:HPMC functionally expressed CD40.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) with macrohematuria (MH).Method 1512 consecutive patients with biopsyproven IgAN diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2011 were enrolled,and divided into MH group and control group respectively,according to whether there existed episodes of MH before renal biopsy.The clinical and pathological characteristics were compared between two groups.Patients in MH group were then divided into three groups according to the interval from the last episode of MH to renal biopsy to clarify the concomitant clinicopathological changes associated with occurrence of MH.Results The rate of MH in history was 22.1％.MH group patients had significantly lower serum creatinine,slighter proteinuria,lower prevalence of hypertension and heavier microhematuria than control group (all P ＜ 0.001).The prebiopsy durations were similar in two groups (P=0.627).In MH group,chronic pathological indicators,including global/segmental sclerosis,tubule atrophy/interstitial fibrosis were all slighter (all P＜ 0.001),whereas activity indicators,including necrosis lesions,crescents and mesangial proliferation were all more severe compared with control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Those who underwent renal biopsy within 30 days of the last episode of MH had more severe proteinuria and microhematuria,higher prevalence of necrosis lesions,more severe crescents formation,and endothelial proliferation (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions IgAN patients with MH in history have relatively milder clinical and chronic pathological manifestations,however more active pathological changes especially in those who suffer episode of MH recently.

This paper summarized nursing experience of 23 patients with malignant tumor treated by 3D printing individualized template and 125I seed implantation.Nursing points included:preoperative assessment and preparation,reviewing the process of template conduction,assisting the physician to simulate the position of patients,making treatment plans,preparing templates before operation;resetting and maintaining position of patients,performing template alignment,seed implantation,monitoring vital signs and complications during operation;observation of complications,providing radiation protection and discharge guidance after operation.All 23 patients completed 125I seed implantation and no serious complication was observed.All patients recovered well and were discharged after treatment.

Objective To explore relevant factors influencing self-management of diabetic patients and the effects on whole course health education and nursing. Methods Clinical data of 248 diabetic patients who were admitted to Peo-ple's Hospital of Xinchang County from May 2012 to January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. They were assigned to two groups according to their nursing methods. Control rate of blood sugar, master rate of knowledge on diabetes,self-management rate and satisfaction of patients were compared between both groups. Results Scores of knowledge on diabetes, self-efficacy, social support, age and cultural background were independent influencing factors for self-management of diabetic patients. Control rate of blood sugar, master rate of knowledge on diabetes, self-management rate and satisfaction of patients in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group, and the dif-ferences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Patients' age,cultural background,knowledge on diabetes,self-efficacy and social support are main influencing factors for self-management of diabetes. In clinical settings,whole course health education and nursing can be carried out, so as to improve patients' master rate of knowledge on diabetes,and optimize self-management levels.

Objective:To clarify the influence and influence paths of stigma on the time of the healthcare-seeking decision in caregivers of elderly patients with dementia, and to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of corresponding humanistic care strategies.Methods:A total of 176 caregivers of elderly patients with dementia who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Xuzhou Oriental People ′s Hospital from February 2021 to February 2022 were selected as the study subjects. The General Information Questionnaire, self-designed Scale of Stigma for Caregivers of Senile dementia patients, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, self-designed Elderly Dementia Caregivers′ Perceived Barriers Scale for Healthcare-seeking Decision, and self-designed Scale of the Intention to Seek Healthcare for caregivers of senile dementia patients were used in the survey. AMOS 20.0 was used to establish a structural equation model for path analysis. Results:The higher the stigma of caregivers, the longer the time of the healthcare-seeking decision ( β=0.05, P<0.05). Social support, perceived barriers to the healthcare-seeking decision, and the intention to seek healthcare were the mediating variables of caregivers ′ stigma affecting the time of the healthcare-seeking decision, with a total effect of -0.04, 0.14, and 0.36, respectively, and all P<0.05. Conclusions:The stigma in caregivers of senile dementia patients is an important factor affecting the time of the healthcare-seeking decision. By improving mediating factors including social support, perceived barriers to the healthcare-seeking decision, and the intention to seek healthcare, the implementations of targeted humanistic care strategies are expected to help shorten the time of the healthcare-seeking decision.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in the treatment of different types of chorioretinal coloboma with retinal detachment (RD).Methods:A single-center, retrospective clinical study. From April 2021 to March 2023, 24 eyes of 23 patients who were diagnosed as chorioretinal coloboma with RD in Henan Provincial Eye Hospital were included in this study. There were 11 males with 12 eyes and 12 females with 12 eyes. The mean age was (33.3±13.7) years old. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spectral domain optical coherence tomography were performed. The BCVA examination was performed using a international standard logarithmic visual acuity chart, which was converted into logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity during statistics. According to the types of chorioretinal coloboma, the affected eyes were divided into the coloboma involved the optic disc group and the coloboma not involved the optic disc group, with 15 eyes and 9 eyes. According to whether the RD containing the coloboma area, the affected eyes were divided into RD containing the coloboma area group and the RD not containing the coloboma area group, with 15 eyes and 9 eyes. All eyes underwent standard pars plana three-channel 25G PPV, retinal laser photocoagulation combined with silicone oil tamponade. The follow-up time after surgery was (19.5±16.3) months. The last follow-up was the time point for efficacy determination. The retinal reattachment, BCVA recovery and postoperative complications were observed. Paired t-test or t test was performed for comparison of quantitative data. Fisher's exact test was performed for comparison of qualitative data. Results:At the last follow-up, retinal reattachment was achieved in 20 eyes (83.3%, 20/24). The logMAR BCVA of the coloboma involved the optic disc group before and after surgery were 1.85±0.62 and 1.71±0.71, the difference was no significant ( t=0.845 , P=0.412). The logMAR BCVA of the coloboma not involved the optic disc group before and after surgery were 1.75±0.45 and 0.84±0.26, the difference was statistically significant ( t=6.153 , P<0.001). The improvement of BCVA in the coloboma not involved the optic disc group was significantly higher than that in the coloboma involved the optic disc group after surgery, with statistically significant differences ( t=3.024 , P=0.006). There was no significant difference in the retinal reattachment rate between the two groups ( P=0.615). There was no significant difference in the retinal reattachment rate between the RD containing the coloboma area group and the RD not containing the coloboma area group ( P=0.259). Postoperative complications included elevated intraocular pressure in five eyes, cataract progression in ten eyes, recurrent RD in two eyes, bullous keratopathy in one eye and band-shaped keratopathy in one eye. Conclusion:PPV combined with silicone oil tamponade is safe and effective in the treatment of chorioretinal coloboma with RD, the improvement of visual acuity in the coloboma not involved the optic disc group is better than that in the coloboma involved the optic disc group after surgery.

Distant metastasis is one of the main obstacles to cancer treatment.Overexpression of S1PR1 in malignant tumors enhances cell invasion and migration activity,mediates EMT and induces lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis via activation of its downstream signaling pathways,eventually results in the occurrence of tumor metastasis.S1PR1 is also closely related to generation of acquired radiotherapy resistance.This article discusses the roles of S1PR1 in tumor metastasis and radiotherapy resistance.

Objective:Using clotrimazole vaginal tablet as a positive control, to evaluate the results of clotrimazole vaginal expansion suppository in the treatment of mild and moderate vulvovaginal candidiasis in terms of efficacy, patient satisfaction, side effects, and recurrence rate.Methods:This study was jointly conducted by 5 hospitals from August 2017 to October 2018, patients with mild and moderate vulvovaginal candidiasis confirmed by fungal culture and symptoms scores were selected. They were randomized to experimental group and control group as 1∶1 ratio. In the experimental group ( n=105), the subjects applied clotrimazole vaginal expansion suppository (150 mg) daily at night for 7 days. In the control group ( n=106), the subjects used a single dose of clotrimazole vaginal tablet (500 mg). Follow-ups were performed at (8±3) and (30±5) days after the discontinuation of the drugs, respectively. The difference in clinical symptoms and signs scores was used to evaluate the improvement of clinical symptoms, and the patient′s satisfaction and side effects were recorded. Results:At the first follow-up, the experimental group and control group were followed up by fungal culture on the cure rate [66.7% (70/105) versus 63.2% (67/106), P>0.05] and total effective rate [98.1% (103/105) versus 99.1% (105/106), P>0.05], the differences were not statistically significant. At the second follow-up, the recurrence rates of the experimental group and the control group were 5.7% (4/70) and 14.9% (10/67), respectively, with no significant difference ( P>0.05). In the evaluation of patient satisfaction, the leakage of the drug in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group ( P<0.01). The side effects mainly included vaginal stimulation, itching and burning sensation, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups ( χ2=1.070, P=0.586). Conclusions:In the treatment of mild and moderate vulvovaginal candidiasis, clotrimazole vaginal expansion suppository is no less effective than clotrimazole vaginal tablet, and there is no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two. In terms of patient satisfaction, clotrimazole vaginal expansion suppository is superior to clotrimazole vaginal tablet.