Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers. Hepadnaviral DNA integrations are considered to be essential agents which can promote the process of the hepatocarcinogenesis. More and more researches were designed to find the relationship of the two. In this study, we investigated whether HBV DNA integration occurred at sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), one of the most detrimental DNA damage. An 18-bp I-SceI homing endonuclease recognition site was introduced into the DNA of HepG2 cell line by stable DNA transfection, then cells were incubated in patients' serum with high HBV DNA copies and at the same time, DSBs were induced by transient expression of I-SceI after transfection of an I-SceI expression vector. By using nest PCR, the viral DNA was detected at the sites of the break. It appeared that integration occurred between part of HBV x gene and the I-SceI induced breaks. The results suggested that DSBs, as the DNA damages, may serve as potential targets for hepadnaviral DNA insertion and the integrants would lead to widespread host genome changes necessarily. It provided a new site to investigate the integration.

Objective:The purpose of this paper is based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery, to discuss the timing of taking food and water in knee arthroplasty patients, as well as its feasibility and safety, so as to improve the quality of quality nursing services.Methods:The 226 knee arthroplasty patients in Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital) from September 2020 to November 2021 were selected and divided into a control group and a experimental group using the random number table method, with 113 cases in each group. The control group adopted a conventional postoperative feeding management method; the experimental group adopted the early and timely feeding management method after comprehensive assessment. The data were compared between the two groups, including the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting within 6 h and from 6 to 24 h after surgery , the incidence of thirst and hunger at 2 h, 4 h and 6 h postoperatively, and the comfort level.Results:The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was lower in the experimental group [19.5%(22/113), 13.3%(15/113)] than in the control group [32.7%(37/113), 23.9%(27/113)] within 6 h and from 6 to 24 h after surgery, and the severity (21 cases of gradeⅠ, 10 cases of gradeⅡand 6 cases of grade Ⅲ) was also lower than in the control group (17 cases of gradeⅠ, 29 cases of gradeⅡand 18 cases of grade Ⅲ), and the differences were all statistically significant ( χ2 = 5.16,4.21, Z = -2.72, P<0.05). The incidence of thirst were lower in the experimental group [14.2%(16/113), 8.0%(9/113), 2.7%(3/113)] than in the control group [26.5%(30/113), 29.2%(33/113), 40.0%(35/113) at 2 h, 4 h and 6 h postoperatively, and the incidence of hunger at 4 h and 6 h postoperatively [11.5%(13/113), 8.0%(9/113)] were lower than in the control group [32.7%(37/113), 34.5%(39/113)], with statistically significant differences ( χ2 values were 5.35 to 32.39, all P<0.05). The postoperative comfort scale scores of physiological (31.04 ± 1.00) and psychological (33.50 ± 1.45) were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (27.46 ± 1.78) and (31.37 ± 1.29), and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -102.36 to -66.26, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Early postoperative feeding management at the right time reduces the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting inknee arthroplasty patients. In addition, it can also reduce the incidence of thirst and hunger, and improve patients′ postoperative physiological and psychological comfort, which has a facilitating effect on achieving rapid recovery of patients.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers. Hepadnaviral DNA integrations are considered to be essential agents which can promote the process of the hepatocarcinogenesis. More and more researches were designed to find the relationship of the two. In this study, we investigated whether HBV DNA integration occurred at sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), one of the most detrimental DNA damage. An 18-bp I-SceI homing endonuclease recognition site was introduced into the DNA of HepG2 cell line by stable DNA transfection, then cells were incubated in patients' serum with high HBV DNA copies and at the same time, DSBs were induced by transient expression of I-SceI after transfection of an I-SceI expression vector. By using nest PCR, the viral DNA was detected at the sites of the break. It appeared that integration occurred between part of HBV x gene and the I-Scel induced breaks. The results suggested that DSBs, as the DNA damages, may serve as potential targets for bepadnaviral DNA insertion and the integrants would lead to widespread host genome changes necessarily. It provided a new site to investigate the integration.