OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence and clinicopathologic significance of MSI and LOH on 3P in breast carcinoma and its precancerous lesions, intraductal papillary adenoma and ductal carcinoma in situ.

METHODS41 paired sporadic invasive breast carcinomas, 13 archival precancerous lesion specimens of the breast and 14 couples of benign hyperplasia were collected. Twelve microsatellites on chromosomes 2p, 3p, 5q, 6q, 16q, 17q, eleven markers on chromosome 3p were amplified for MSI and LOH, respectively, by polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) with designed primers and detecting after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In addition, the expression of protein of hMSH2, hMLHI, FHIT, ER, and PR were detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSMSI was observed, at least two microsatellite markers, in 15 out of 41 (36. 6%) of the carcinomas, almost all belonging to poorly or intermediately differentiated carcinoma. Instability was shown in 9 of the 13 cases of precancerous lesions, but only 2 among them had more than 2 MSI sites. There was no MSI in benign hyperplasia. MSI was targeted predominately at D3S1766, D2S2739 in both carcinomas and precancerous lesions. Of the 11 loci examined, D3S1295, D3S1029 and D3S1038 were identified as the locus with most frequent LOH which were all correlated significantly with some clinicopathological parameters such as histological type, lymph node metastasis in breast cancer, while D3S1295 and D3S1029 were the most frequent markers in precancerous lesions. LOH of D3S1295 had significant correlation with negative expression of FHIT. Positive expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein was detected in breast carcinomas in scattered distribution and their positive rate was 45% and 40% , respectively. In precancerous lesions, hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein showed diffuse expression and their positive rate was 61. 54% and 76. 92% , respectively, significantly lower than that in the control tissues.

CONCLUSIONDefective expression of MMR genes is closely associated with the development of breast cancer. Genomic instability might play a role in the early stage during multi-step mammary carcinogenesis. MSI indicates poor histological differentiation in breast carcinoma. D3S1766 and D2S2739 might be the sensitive sites to detect MSI in breast carcinoma and precancerous lesions. The smallest common LOH deletion regions seem likely to be situated between 3p14 and 3p25, indicating the existence of breast tumor related genes in those regions and some of them might affect tumor development.

Acid Anhydride Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Adenoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; genetics ; DNA Mismatch Repair ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Microsatellite Instability ; Middle Aged ; MutL Protein Homolog 1 ; MutL Proteins ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Precancerous Conditions ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory effect of tyroservatide (YSV) on growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

METHODSIn vitro effects of YSV on five human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines were assayed by MTS. In vivo effects of YSV on 5 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines were assayed by hollow fiber tumor model.

RESULTSAfter treatment with YSV at a dose of 0.1 approximately 1.6 mg/ml, the growth of the five cell lines was significantly inhibited in vitro compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05). Especially, YSL remarkably inhibited the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 cells, i.e. the cell growth was inhibited by 63.3% after treatment with YSL at 1.6 mg/ml. The hollow fiber tumor model demonstrated that YSL (320 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) and 640 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) treatment significantly inhibited the in vivo growth of the five cancer cell lines compared with that in the saline control (P < 0.05). YSL showed the highest level of inhibition of human BEL-7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cells, with an inhibitory index of 53.1% at 320 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1).

CONCLUSIONAs a new method, hollow fiber assay may be used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of drugs on different tumor cells in vivo, rapidly, accurately and economically. Our results provide an instruction and evidence for clinical use of YSV.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Oligopeptides ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation

OBJECTIVETo compare the impact of the first 24 hours mean blood glucose (MBG) level and admission glucose (AG) during hospitalization on the short term mortality and combined end point events in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI).

METHODSA total of 7446 Chinese STEMI patients hospitalized within 12 hours of symptom onset were included. Plasma glucose was measured at admission, 6 and 24 hours after admission, respectively. The MBG level through the first 24 hours for each patient was calculated. Patients were stratified into six groups according to their MBG levels: < 4.5, 4.5 - 5.5, 5.6 - 7.0, 7.1 - 8.5, 8.6 - 11.0 and > 11.0 mmol/L. The incidence of all-cause mortality and combined end point of death, re-infarction, cardiogenic shock, recurrence ischemia, and stroke at 7 days and 30 days post hospitalization were analyzed. Nested models were compared to determine whether logistic regression models that included MBG provided a significantly better fit than logistic regression models included AG.

RESULTSCompared with the MBG of 4.5 - 5.5 mmol/L group, 7-day and 30-day mortality and combined end point events increased in proportion to plasma MBG level increase. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elevated MBG (equal or greater than 7.1 - 8.5 mmol/L) level is an independent predictor of 7-day and 30-day mortality and combined end point events. Nested models analysis showed that the prognostic impact of MBG is superior to AG (P < 0.001) on predicting 7-day and 30-day mortality and combined end point events in this patient cohort.

CONCLUSIONElevated MBG (≥ 7.1 mmol/L) level is an independent predictor of 7-day and 30-day mortality and combined end point events. MBG is superior to AG on predicting short-term prognosis in this patient cohort.

Aged ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; China ; Electrocardiography ; Endpoint Determination ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis ; mortality ; physiopathology ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo explore the independent risk factors associated with short term mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS).

METHODSWe analyzed data from Chinese patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and cardiogenic shock enrolled in the CREATE trial. Predictors of 30-day mortality were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis using baseline and procedural variables.

RESULTSThe overall 30-day mortality of STEMI complicated by CS among the 517 patients [(68.5 ± 10.3) years and 57.6% male] was 62.3%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of death included age (OR = 1.46, 95%CI: 1.18 - 1.81), anterior infarction (OR = 2.01, 95%CI 1.29 - 3.11), admission glucose level > 7.8 mmol/L (OR = 2.17, 95%CI: 1.26 - 3.73), serum sodium concentration < 130 mmol/L (OR = 2.21, 95%CI: 1.21 - 4.04), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% or sever left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) (OR = 3.78, 95%CI: 2.28 - 6.27), no emergency revascularization (OR = 3.53, 95%CI: 1.20 - 10.41) and diuretics use (OR = 1.90, 95%CI: 1.21 - 2.97). Analysis using baseline clinical variables showed that the first five risk factors mentioned above were also the baseline risk factors fro death. The receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting the death of the two models was 0.81 (95%CI: 0.77 - 0.86) and 0.80 (95%CI: 0.75 - 0.84), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe 30-day mortality of patients with STEMI complicated by CS was over 60%. Age, anterior infarction, admission glucose level >7.8 mmol/L, serum sodium concentration < 130 mmol/L, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% and no emergency revascularization were independent risk factors associated with 30-day mortality.

Aged ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; mortality ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Shock, Cardiogenic ; etiology ; mortality ; therapy ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences of the clinical effects, side effects and treatment-related cost between two kinds of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT).

METHODSForty-four inpatients with acute, subacute, and chronic wounds were divided into simplified NPWT group (A group) and conventional NPWT group (B group) according to the random number table. Wounds of patients in A group were treated with gauze + continuous suction with hospital central negative pressure (-10.64 kPa) for 24 hs; wounds of patients in B group were treated with sponge + interrupted suction with a purpose-designed suction appliance (-16.63 kPa) for 24 hs. Gross wound condition, treatment time, survival rates of skin graft and flap, changes of bacterial species on wound, treatment cost, and ratio of side effects between two groups were compared.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference between A and B groups in respect of gross wound condition, treatment time [A group (29 +/- 12) d, B group (26 +/- 13) d, P > 0.05], changes of bacterial species, survival rates of skin graft [A group (98 +/- 4)%, B group (98 +/- 4)%, P > 0.05] and flap (A group 98%, B group 100%, P > 0.05). Treatment cost of A group yen(374 +/- 134) was obviously lower than that of B group yen(9825 +/- 4956) (P < 0. 01), while more side effects were observed in A group (33.3%) than that in B group (5.0%) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBoth simplified NPWT and NPWT with purpose-designed appliance can effectively improve wound healing. The simplified method may cause many side effects and has a potential risk of inciting nosocomial infection, but it can be conveniently employed with a low cost. In contrast, the cost of using purpose-designed appliance should be cut down to meet the aim of generalization.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; methods ; Wound Healing ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on the treatment of complicated and refractory wounds.

METHODSSixty-seven patients with complicated or refractory wounds admitted to our hospital from September 2005 to November 2008 were randomly divided into NPWT group (n = 35) and conventional treatment (CT) group (n = 32). Wounds of patients in NPWT group were treated with interrupted suction under a pressure of -16.63 kPa for 24 hs, or continuous suction under a pressure of -10.64 kPa for 24 hs. Wounds of patients in CT group were covered with petrolatum gauze overlaid with isotonic saline gauze and dry gauze. Duration of treatment, times of operation, treatment cost, and the process of healing were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThe duration of treatment, treatment cost and times of operation of patients in NPWT group were obviously less or fewer than those of CT group (P < 0.05). Wounds of patients in NPWT group were mainly healed by themselves (40.0%) or healed after free skin grafting (40.0%). While wounds in patients in CT group healed mainly after tissue flap transplantation (66.7%) or free skin grafting (23.3%).

CONCLUSIONSCompared with CT, NPWT can shorten the length of hospital stay, reduce operation frequency and treatment cost, and it is easier to carry out in the surgery of treating complicated and refractory wounds, which is worth generalization.

Adult ; Aged ; Diabetic Foot ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; Pressure Ulcer ; surgery ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of semen-derived enhancer of virus infection (SEVI) on the infection of transmitted/founder (TF) HIV-1 and its matched chronic control (CC) viruses and the antagonism of ADS-J1 on SEVI-mediated enhancement of TF and CC virus infection in vitro.

METHODSPAPself-assembling into SEVI amyloid fibrils was validated by ThT assay. We generated the virus stocks of TF and CC virus pair. TZM-bl cells were infected with the mixture of SEVI and TF or CC viruses for 72 h. Luciferase activity was used to observe the enhancement of SEVI. SEVI was treated with different concentrations of ADS-J1 and incubated with TF or CC viruses. TZM-bl cells were then infected with the mixture and luciferase activity was detected 72 h after infection to analyze the antagonism of ADS-J1 on the enhancing effect of SEVI. ADS-J1 was also incubated with TF and CC viruses directly and TZM-bl cells were infected for 72 h to evaluate the antiviral effect using luciferase assay. SEVI was treated with ADS-J1 and Zeta potential was determined to explore the antagonistic mechanism of ADS-J1.

RESULTSThT assay showed that PAPwas capable of self-assembly into SEVI amyloid fibrils. SEVI significantly accelerated TF and CC viruses infection (P<0.05), and ADS-J1 not only significantly antagonized the enhancement of SEVI (P<0.05) but also directly inhibited the infection of TF and CC viruses (P<0.05). ADS-J1 neutralized the positive charge of SEVI in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONSSEVI promotes the infection of TF and CC strains, and ADS-J1 antagonizes SEVI-mediated enhancement of TF and CC viruses by neutralizing the positive charge of SEVI.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of depression and to analyze its determinants among centenarians in Hainan.Methods:A cross-sectional study on centenarians was conducted in Hainan from June 2014 to December 2016.A total of 910 centenarians, including 166 males and 744 females, were interviewed in their domiciles by trained investigators.A 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15)was used to assess depression for centenarians, and general sociodemographic details, sleep quality, cognitive function, activities of daily living, and lifestyles were recorded.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine major related factors for depression in centenarians.Results:Of the 910 centenarians, 292 were regarded as depressed and the prevalence was 32.1%.Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in gender, education, marital status, self-reported health, incontinence, dietary habits, sleep quality, activities of daily living, cognitive function, outdoor activities, watching TV, and social engagement between subjects with and without depression( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that living conditions, self-reported health, activities of daily living, and sleep quality were independent related factors for depression in centenarians( P<0.05). Among the above related factors, living with families( OR=0.50, P=0.026)and good sleep quality( OR=0.67, P=0.010)were protective factors for depression, whereas poor self-reported health( OR=3.34, P<0.001)and disability( OR=2.37, P=0.002)were risk factors for depression in centenarians. Conclusions:Living conditions, self-reported health, activities of daily living, and sleep quality were independently correlated with depression in Hainan centenarians.This study provides empirical evidence for depression interventions and mental health improvement in centenarians.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of radiation-induced caries by using a multiple linear regression equation and to provide the basis for the effective prevention of radioactive caries. METHODS: A total of 166 patients with head and neck cancer who underwent radiotherapy were selected as subjects. The number of decayed, missing or filled surfaces were recorded. Questionnaire contents included age, sex, radiation dose, and radiotherapy techniques. Multiple stepwise regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors of radiation-induced caries. RESULTS: Multiple stepwise regression analyses indicated that the main risk factors of radiation-induced caries were plaque index, radiotherapy techniques, time after radiotherapy, and radiotherapy dose. CONCLUSIONS The awareness of dental care and caries treatment should be improved to reduce the occurrence of radiation-induced caries in patients with head and neck cancer. In addition, intensity modulated radiation therapy should be employed to decrease the radiation exposure dose received by teeth.
Dental Caries ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Radiation Injuries ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Tooth

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of wearing base curve aspheric orthokeratology(OK)lens in the control of myopia.METHODS: A prospective study was conducted. A total of 94 cases(94 eyes)of myopia aged 8～13 years old who were fitted with orthokeratology(OK)lens in our hospital from January 2020 to July 2021 were selected(for patients who received OK lens in one eye, the eye is selected as the observation eye, and for patients who receive OK lens in both eyes, the right eye is used as the observation eye). Patients were divided into two groups according to the design of the OK lens, with 46 cases wearing base curve aspheric OK lens in study group and 48 cases wearing base curve spheric OK lens in control group. The study group and the control group were further divided into low myopia group(-3.00D< SE ≤-0.75D)and moderate myopia group(-6.00D< SE ≤-3.00D)according to the baseline spherical equivalent(SE), with 52 cases(52 eyes)in the low myopia group and 42 cases(42 eyes)in the moderate myopia group. Uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA)was evaluated at 1d, 1wk, 1, 3, 6 and 9mo after wearing lenses, and axial length were measured at 6mo and 1a after wearing lenses respectively.RESULTS: All patients completed follow-up, and there was no significant differences in UCVA(LogMAR)between the study group(-0.12±0.08)and the control group(-0.17±0.07)after wearing the OK lens for 1mo(P>0.05); the mean axial length elongation between the two groups had no significant differences after wearing lenses for 6mo and 1a(all P>0.05). In the low myopia group, the axial length elongation of the study group was 0.19±0.17mm after wearing OK lens for 1a, which was significantly lower than that of the control group(0.31±0.18mm; P<0.05); while in the moderate myopia group, the axial length elongation was 0.22±0.18mm, and it had no significant differences with that in the control group(0.19±0.12mm; P>0.05). There was no significant differences in axial length elongation between the low myopia group and the moderate myopia group in study group after wearing lenses for 6mo and 1a(P>0.05), while there was differences in axial length elongation between low myopia group and moderate myopia group in the control group after wearing lenses for 6mo(0.15±0.13 vs. 0.05±0.12mm)and 1a(0.31±0.18 vs. 0.19±0.12mm; all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Wearing base curve aspheric OK lens can effectively improve the UCVA and control the elongation of axial length. For patients with low myopia, base curve aspheric OK lens had a better efficacy in controlling the elongation of axial length than the spheric OK lens.