The paper systematically introduces the teaching content and method of Introduction to Modern Clinical Medicine, which is an optional course especially for the non-medical students in those majors like Pharmacy, Medical Trading, Biotechnology, Sanitary Inspection ect. The paper also deeply discusses the problems of designing principle, the depth and extent of the teaching content.

OBJECTIVETo establish a RP-HPLC-PDA method for determination of five triterpenic acids (pomolic acid, hawthorn acid, corosolic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid) in different parts of Salvia chinensis.

METHODThe isocratic elution and separation was achieved on a Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), using acetonitrile-water (90:10) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength and column temperature were set at 205 nm and 28 degrees C, respectively.

RESULTThe calibration curves of pomolic acid, hawthorn acid, corosolic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were linear over the ranges of 0.096 0-2.400, 0.1230-3.075, 0.2420-6.050, 0.2830-7.075 and 0.2730-6.825 microg (r = 0.9998, 0.9997, 0.9999, 0.9995, 0.9999), respectively. The average recoveries were 98.43%, 98.13%, 100.6%, 98.19% and 99.15%%, respectively, with RSD (n=6) being 1.3%, 0.67%, 1.2%, 0.87% and 0.43%.

CONCLUSIONThe proposed method is so simple and highly reproducible that it promises to be applicable for determination of major triterpenic acids in S. chinensis.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Salvia ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to investigate the prevalence and distribution of teeth number and morphology abnormalities in Chinese pediatric patients' permanent teeth at the mixed dentition stage by performing panoramic radiographs analysis.

METHODSA total of 4 347 panoramic radiographs of pediatric patients aged 5 years to 15 years who were admitted to the hospitals from September 2011 to September 2013 were reviewed. The presence of teeth number and morphology abnormalities were recorded as follows: congenitally absent teeth, supernumerary teeth, odontoma, microdontia, fused teeth, dilaceations, and cusp deformity. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTSThe prevalence of teeth number and morphology abnormalities in pediatric patients' permanent teeth was 31.79% (1,382/4,347). The prevalence was higher in males. Significant difference between the genders was observed (P < 0.05). Tooth agenesis, the most frequent dental anomaly (15.00%, 652/4,347), was considerably common in females; supernumerary teeth (12.61%, 548/4,347) followed, which was significantly common in males. Both differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of prevalence of both microdontia and dilacerations were 4.00% (174/4,347) and 2.16% (94/4,347). The prevalence of cusp deformity, odontoma, and fused teeth were relatively low at 0.74% (32/4,347), 0.51% (22/4,347), and 0.39% (17/4,347), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of teeth number and morphology abnormalities in children's permanent teeth at the mixed dentition stage is apparently high. Tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth are the most frequent. Panoramic radiograph is an efficient method for the early diagnosis of teeth number and morphology abnormalities. This method can assist pediatric dentists to formulate treatment plans for children at the appropriate time.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Dentists ; Dentition, Mixed ; Dentition, Permanent ; Female ; Fused Teeth ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Odontoma ; epidemiology ; Patient Care Planning ; Prevalence ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Sex Factors ; Tooth Abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; Tooth, Supernumerary ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology

99Mo is the main raw material of 99Mo-99Tcm generator,its production stability directly determines the supply of 99Tcm.There exists very limited number of irradiation and processing facilities for fission 99Mo all over the world and most of them are aging.Different facets of problems are emerging,such as those related to supply chain withdrawal,reaction target changes,and maintenance shutdowns.This paper focuses on the discussion of the current supply status of fission 99Mo worldwide,its related problems and possible solutions offered by the corresponding agencies of different countries,operational parties,and the authors themselves.

Objective To construct the fibroblast-specific non-viral vector pcDNA3-CEP-BMP-2 containing collagen 1A2 enhancer and promoter,and to validate the enhancement of BMP-2 expression in the human dermal fibroblasts by this vector,compared with the routine non-viral BMP2 vector. Methods The sequences for collagen 1A2 enhancer and promotor,and BMP-2 gene were ligated into the pcDNA3 plasmids.The plasmids were transfected into human skin fibroblasts and vein endothelial cells by means of cationic liposomes.The expressions of the plasmids in these two kinds of cells were detected by RT-PCR.The osteogenic phonotypes of fibroblasts were determined.(Results)pcDNA3-CEP-BMP-2,which contained collagen 1A2 enhancer and promoter could enhance the BMP-2 expression in the fibroblasts but not in vein endothelial cells.Osteogenetic phenotypes were more obvious in the fibroblasts transfected with pcDNA3-CEP-BMP-2 than in pcDNA3-BMP-2-transfected ones. Conclusion Collagen 1A2 enhancer and promoter can enhance BMP2 expression in fibroblasts.

Aim To study the application status of odds ratio for medical animal experiments.Methods Odds ratio and seven kinds of animal models were used as retrieval strategy to search medical animal experiment related papers in several Chinese and English databases.Papers relating to each kind of animal model and using odds ratio in abstract and text were counted. Data from different databases were compared. Calculation of odds ratio was exemplified and the significance of different odds ratio values was illustrated in this paper.Results Few medical animal experiments cited odds ratio as statistics.Conclusions The importance of odds ratio has not been fully recognized in Chinese references.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Perforation ; etiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Malignant Atrophic Papulosis ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To compare the caesarean scar pregnancy abdominal ultrasound,transvaginal ultra-sound and abdominal combined transvaginal ultrasound ultrasonic imaging features and diagnostic results,to explore the diagnosis value of different methods.Methods All 22 case with cesarean scar pregnancy ultrasound through three ways were selected,and the ultrasonic features and diagnostic rate of different methods were compared.Results Abdominal ultrasound diagnosis rate was 40.91%,transvaginal ultrasound diagnosis rate was 81.82%,combining ultrasound diagnosis rate was 95.45%,and the three methods of inspection diagnosis rate differences were statistically significant(χ2 =17.88,P <0.05).Conclusion Transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of cesarean scar pregnancy has important value,combining ultrasound examination can further improve the diagnosis rate.

Objective The sensitivity and specificity of 18 FDG PET/CT are poor in the diagnosis of gastric cancer .Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and Mucinous gastric carcinoma is known to have low fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) uptake,but not known for poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma .This study was to investigate the value of 18 FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of poorly differ-entiated gastric adenocarcinoma . Methods We retrospectively analyzed the results of 18 FDG PET/CT of 34 cases of histologically confirmed poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma .We recorded the volume , location , and gastric wall invasion depth , and maxi-mum standardized uptake value ( SUVmax) of the tumors and analyzed the relationship of 18 FDG uptake with the clinicopathologic pa-rameters. Results By 18 FDG-PET/CT, poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in only 67.6% of the patients (23/34).SUVmax was found to be significantly correlated with age , gastric wall invasion, and tumor size (P<0.05), but not with gender , tumor location , tumor pathologic subtype , lymph node metastasis , and distant metastasis ( P>0 .05 ) .Logistic regression a-nalysis showed the tumor size to be the sole factor influencing the 18 FDG uptake of poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma ( OR=0.37, 95%CI 0.154-0.920, P=0.03). Conclusion The di-agnostic value of 18 FDG-PET/CT is but limited for poorly differentia-ted gastric adenocarcinoma , and attention should be paid to its false-negative results .

Horizontal impacted lower third molars are often adjacent to the inferior alveolar nerve,direct extraction may cause trauma and complications,the most serious complication is inferior alveolar nerve damage.This article reports one case of horizontal impacted lower third molar adjacent to the mandibular nerve canal,the molar was extracted by minimal anchorage pulling for 1 week and then removed smoothly.