Objective:To analyze the failure factors in root canal therapy(RCT)by analysis of the failed cases.Methods:215 teeth of 206 patients were analyzed according to former treatment records,clinical examination,pretreatment radiographs,and root canal exploration during endodontic retreatment.Results:67.9% of failed teeth showed apical radiolucency,12.6% showed under-filled canal material without apical radiolucent area,and 8.4% involved coronal leakage.When examined with X ray,84.2% of teeth indicated under-filling,and most canals of premolars and molars had poor taper.Most missed root canals were found in maxillary first molars and premolars.18.1% of teeth had complications such as ledge and apical transportation.Conclusions:The factors associated with RCT failure involve cleaning,obturation and poor seal of root canal system resulted from inadequate shaping.Coronal leakage and missed canals also contribute to the endodontic treatment failure.

Objective To explore the effects of wound healing and histological changes by utilizing ultrapulse CO2 fractional laser for the treatment of superficial scar in dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) in rabbit ears.Methods We adopted traditional iodophor treatment and moist exposed burn ointment treatment repairing the wound and utilizing ultra pulse CO2 fractional laser for the treatment of rabbit ears superficial scar.The superficial scars in rabbit ear were induced with ultra pulse CO2 fractional laser.In 1,2,4,8 weeks tissue samples would be taken.Using electron microscopy we observed DEJ ultrastructure and light microscopy to observe the histological changes of the dermal papilla and PAS staining for epidermis basement membrane.Results The wound healing time of moist exposed burn ointment group was shorter than that of iodophor group (P＜0.05).The number of hemidesmosomes and anchoring fibers in the moist exposed burn ointment group on the 8th week was more than the 1th week,The number of hemidesmosomes and anchoring fibers in the iodophor group on 8th week was more than 1th week (P ＜0.05).The number of hemidesmosomes and anchoring fibers in the iodophor group was less than the moist exposed burn ointment group (P＜0.05).Conclusions U1trapulse CO2 fractional laser can cause ultra structural changes in scarring dermal-epidermal junction area,wet wound healing environment promotes the reconstruction of DEJ district organization,and rebuilding the function of the scar skin has the positive significance.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods The clinical data of 85 elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer who were admitted to the Ningbo First Hospital from January 2012 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy was performed on 46 patients (LRG group) and open radical gastrectomy on 39 patients (ORG group).All the patients underwent primary tumor resection for gastric cancer + D2 lymph node dissection,and the postoperative recovery plans were done according to enhanced recovery program.The volume of blood loss,number of lymph node dissected,operation time,intraoperative arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxid (PaCO2),time to anal exsufflation,indwelling time of gastric tube,time for out-off-bed activity,time for fluid diet intake,postoperative hemoglobin,duration of hospital stay and occurrence of complications in the 2 groups were analyzed.The follow-up by outpatient examination and telephone interview was carried out on patients up to August 2014.The count data were analyzed by the chi-square test and Fisher exact probability.The measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s and analyzed using the t test.The t' test was used if the data were deficient.Results Surgical procedures in the 2 groups were successfully carried out and no perioperative death occurred.There was no conversion to open surgery in the LRG group.The resection margins in all the patients were negative.The operation time and number of lymph node dissection in the LRG group were (239 ±68)minutes and 27 ± 10,compared with (227 ±50)minutes and 26 ± 10 in the ORG group,with significant differences (t =0.919,0.179,P ＞ O.05).PaCO2 in the LRG group was (41 ± 5) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa),which was significantly higher than(36 ± 5) mmHg in the ORG group (t =4.745,P ＜ 0.05).The volume of blood loss was (102 ± 44)mL in the LRG group,which was significantly less than (200 ± 120) mL in the OPG group (t' =-4.807,P ＜ 0.05).The postoperative level of hemoglobin in the LRG was (110 ± 15) g/L,which was significantly higher than (98 ± 27)g/L in the ORG group (t' =2.471,P ＜ 0.05).The time to anal exsufflation,indwelling time of gastric tube,time for out-off-bed activity,time for fluid diet intake,duration of hospital stay in the LRG group were (2.6 ± 0.7) days,(2.1 ± 0.7) days,(1.1 ± 0.3) days,(4.1 ± 0.7) days and (11 ± 4) days,which were significantly different from (4.8 ± 1.5) days,(4.0 ± 1.8) days,(4.5 ± 0.6) days,(5.9 ± 1.8) days and (18 ± 3) days in the OR G group (t' =-8.415,-6.206,-33.831,-5.879,t =9.632,P＜0.05).Eight patients in the LRG group and 15 patients in the ORG group had complications,with the incidence of complications of 17.4％ (8/46) and 38.5％ (15/39),respectively,showing a significant difference (x2 =4.748,P ＜ 0.05).Forty-four patients in the LRG group and 36 patients in the ORG gorup were followed up for 2-25 months,1 patient in the LRG group and 2 patients in the ORG group died and others had full recovery.Conclusions Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy could provide a safe and complete tumor resection for elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer compared with open radical gastrectomy,meanwhile,it can improve postoperative recovery and reduce postoperative complications in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer.

0.05).Conclusion The results of pharmacokinetic study on salvianolate can guide the clinical trial design and reasonableuse of medicaments in clinic.

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture at point Fenglong(ST40) on the expressions of macrophage surface antigen CD11b and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in hyperlipidemia rats. Method Forty healthy SD rats were randomly allocated to normal control, high fat diet, high fat+common diet, high fat diet and treatment, and high fat+common diet and treatment groups. After 28 days of treatment with electroacupuncture at point Fenglong, blood lipid levels, namely, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) contents were measured in every group of rats. The expressions of peritoneal macrophage surface antigen CD11b and ICAM-1 were examined using flow cytometry (FCM) in every group of rats. Result Plasma TC and LDL-C increased significantly in the high fat diet group of rats compared with the normal control group (P<0.01). In the high fat+common diet group of rats, serum TC and LDL-C decreased significantly in comparison with the high fat diet group (P<0.01) but increased significantly in comparison with the normal control group (P<0.01). After treatment with electroacupuncture at point Fenglong, rat plasma TC and LDL-C decreased significantly (P<0.01) and TG and HDL-C did not change significantly (P>0.05). The expression rates of macrophage CD11b and ICAM-1 increased significantly in the high fat diet group of rats compared with the normal group (P<0.01). In the high fat+common diet group of rats, the expression rates of macrophage CD11b and ICAM-1 decreased significantly in comparison with the high fat diet group (P<0.05) but increased significantly in comparison with the normal group (P<0.01). The expression rates of CD11b and ICAM-1 decreased significantly in the high fat diet and treatment group compared with the high fat diet group (P<0.01) and decreased significantly in the high fat+common diet and treatment group compared with the high fat+common diet group (P<0.01) and the high fat diet and treatment group (P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that CD11b and ICAM-1 levels had a significantly positive correlation (r=0.947, P<0.01). Conclusion Electroacupuncture at point Fenglong can significantly down-regulate blood fat TC and LDL-C levels and the expressions of macrophage CD11b and ICAM-1 in hyperlipidemia rats. It has a certain therapeutic effect on hyperlipidemia.

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of caring behaviors for oncology specialized nurses. Methods Using general information questionnaire and Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI) to investigate oncology specialized nurses from the city of Beijing, Shanghai, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guangzhou and Tianjin. Results The total score of self-assessment CBI in oncology specialized nurses was relatively high (82.42±10.42), the scores of sub-scales from high to low in the order were assurance, respectful, knowledge and skill, and connectedness. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that degree of family care, whether the one-child and working years were influencing factors of caring behavior of oncology specialized nurses (t=11.995, 3.061, 2.608, P<0.01). Conclusions Nursing managers should put forward humanism-oriented theory into all parts of nursing work on the basis of scientific allocation of human resources, establish integrative care training model combing the school and hospital in order to improve caring behaviors of nurses.

Objective To analyze the thin-section CT features of fissure-attached nodules in asymptomatic patients.Methods The baseline and follow-up CT images of 120 asymptomatic patients with fissure-attached nodules were retrospectively analyzed.The thin-section CT findings include size,shape,density,interface,and the relationship with pulmonary fissure.Results There were 1 67 fissure-attached nodules of the 120 patients.The mean length of nodules was 5.46 mm±2.276 mm (2 - 1 5 mm).104(104/1 67,61.1%)nodules were less than 5 mm in length.1 63 (1 63/1 67,97.6%)nodules were typical and 4 (4/1 67,2.4%)nodules were atypical.All these nodules manifested as homogenous,solid,smooth interface,and widely adjacent to the fissure on CT ima-ges.Among those nodules,1 64(1 64/1 67,98.2%)nodules were triangular(88/1 67,52.7%)or oval(76/1 67,45.5%).126(126/1 67, 75.4%)nodules were abutting the major fissure.The angle between nodule and fissure was obtuse in 1 64(1 64/1 67,98.2%)fissure-attached nodules.During follow-up,4(4/1 67,2.4%)nodules increased in size and the corresponding volume doubling time (VDT) range was 863-4 228 days.However,no obvious malignant signs were found.Conclusion The thin-section CT images of fissure-attached nodules in asymptomatic patients showed the benign characteristics,most of which less than 5 mm and demonstrated trian-gle or oval,smooth interface and homogenous solid density.

Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Frontal Bone ; Hemangioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; pathology ; Humans ; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; metabolism ; pathology ; Skull Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To construct the fibroblast-specific non-viral vector pcDNA3-CEP-BMP-2 containing collagen 1A2 enhancer and promoter,and to validate the enhancement of BMP-2 expression in the human dermal fibroblasts by this vector,compared with the routine non-viral BMP2 vector. Methods The sequences for collagen 1A2 enhancer and promotor,and BMP-2 gene were ligated into the pcDNA3 plasmids.The plasmids were transfected into human skin fibroblasts and vein endothelial cells by means of cationic liposomes.The expressions of the plasmids in these two kinds of cells were detected by RT-PCR.The osteogenic phonotypes of fibroblasts were determined.(Results)pcDNA3-CEP-BMP-2,which contained collagen 1A2 enhancer and promoter could enhance the BMP-2 expression in the fibroblasts but not in vein endothelial cells.Osteogenetic phenotypes were more obvious in the fibroblasts transfected with pcDNA3-CEP-BMP-2 than in pcDNA3-BMP-2-transfected ones. Conclusion Collagen 1A2 enhancer and promoter can enhance BMP2 expression in fibroblasts.

Objective:To analyze the correlation factors between peripapillary duodenal diverticulum (PDD) and choledochectasia by CT scan.Methods:The clinical data of 220 patients with duodenal diverticulum detected by multi-slice spiral CT scan and confirmed by gastrointestinal angiography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District of Shanghai City were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation of the PDD, the contact of common bile duct (CBD), length of contact and exudation with choledochectasia in patients with PDD were analyzed.Results:A total of 236 duodenal diverticulum were found in 220 patients. Among them, there were 152 PDD, 41 diverticulum located superior to the duodenal papilla, 28 diverticulum located inferior to the duodenal papilla, 3 diverticulum located lateral to the duodenal papilla, and 12 diverticulumlocated in the horizontal portion. The incidence of choledochectasia in patients with PDD contacted with CBD was significantly higher than that in patients with PDD not contacted with CBD: 59.35% (73/123) vs. 37.93% (11/29), and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05); the incidence of choledochectasia in patients with contact length of PDD and CBD ≥1.5 cm was significantly higher than that in patients without contact of PDD and CBD and patients with contact length of PDD and CBD <1.5 cm: 82.43% (61/74) vs. 24.49% (12/49) and 37.93% (11/29), and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05); the incidence of choledochectasia in PDD patients with exudation was significantly higher than that in PDD patients without exudation: 10/11 vs. 52.48% (74/141), and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The patients with contact length of PDD and CBD ≥1.5 cm and patients with PDD combined with exudation could be prone to choledochectasia.