Tear is a complex fluid mainly secreted by lacrimal gland.It is a complex body fluid,which may contain thousands of protein/peptides and other molecules.Studies have determined that the changes in the chemical compositions of tears play an important role in some diseases and their progression.Tear components including protein,lipid and metabolites,which is easy to be obtained,not only can be used for biomarkers,can also be used to study an eye the onset of systemic disease process.Measuring the changes in composition of tear may be used to determine the critical path of the disease development,provide a new possibility for prevention and treatment.This article reviews the ophthalmic applications of tear markers in the systemic disease,which has not been determined so far.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility and efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy combined with mild hypothermi on severe craniocerebral injury (SCI).MethodsAll 80 SCI patients were randomly divided into therapeutic group (52 cases) and control group (28 cases). All patients received general synthesis treatment; while the hyperbaric oxygen combined with mild hypothermia treatment was added to the therapeutic group. Changes of Vm, Vs and PI of middle cerebral artery (MCA) in systolic stage were detected by transcranial-Doppler (TCD) before and after treatment. The plasma level of endothelin (ET) was also tested and prognosis of patients was analyzed.ResultsVm, Vs and PI of MCA in systolic stage improved obviously and ET reduced greatly in therapeutic group compared with those in the control group (P<0.01), and prognosis was also superior to control group.ConclusionHyperbaric oxygen combined with mild hypothermia can improve the consciousness state and prognosis of SCI patients as a result of the relaxation of the cerebral vascular spasm and the reduction of ET, which may contribute to the abatement of the cerebral ischemia and hypoxia.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Qiling Decoction (QD) combined highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) on expression levels of peripheral blood Th17 and Treg cells in HIV/AIDS patients.

METHODSTotally 55 HIV/AIDS patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group (28 cases) and the combination group (27 cases). Besides, 21 HIV negative patients were recruited as the healthy control group. Those in the treatment group received HARRT alone, while those in the combination group received HAART combined QD. The observation lasted for 24 weeks. Meanwhile, according to peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts before treatment, HIV/AIDS patients were assigned to three subgroups. For patients in subgroup 1, 1 cells/microL < CD4+ T cell counts < or = 100 cells/microL; For patients in subgroup 2, 101 cells/microL < CD4+ T cell counts < or = 200 cells/lL; For patients in subgroup 3, 201 cells/microL < CD4+ T cell counts < or = 350 cells/microL. Expression of peripheral blood Th17 and Treg cells, and number of CD4+ T cell counts were detected using flow cytometry (FCM)in HIV/AIDS patients at the pre-treatment baseline, week 4, 12, and 24, as well as those in the healthy control group.

RESULTSCompared with the healthy control group, CD4+ T cell counts and the baseline expression level of Th17 cells in the peripheral blood of HIV/AIDS patients significantly decreased, the expression level of Treg cells significantly increased P < 0.01). Compared with before treatment in the same group, CD4+ T cell counts all increased at week 4, 12, and 24 in the two treatment groups, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the effective rate at various CD4+ T cell levels between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in expression levels of Th17 and Treg cells between the combination group and the treatment group at any time point (all P >0.05). The Th17/Treg ration significantly increased in the combination group after 24 weeks of treatment, showing statistical difference when compared with the treatment group (U = 2.135, P = 0.038).

CONCLUSIONQD could improve the immune balance of Th17/Treg cells, which might be one of its mechanisms for improving HIV/AIDS patients' immunity.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Adult ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Case-Control Studies ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; cytology ; Th17 Cells ; cytology

A 51-year-old man presented with a 4-month history of upper abdominal distending pain and 1-month history of cutaneous nodules and plaques on the neck, trunk and bilateral thighs. The patient underwent many gastrointestinal tract examinations in several local hospitals, and symptomatic treatment did not work. The biopsy of nodules on the abdomen revealed medium- to large-sized atypical lymphoid cells within numerous small vessels in lower dermis and subcutaneous fat tissue. Additionally, the atypical cells were present exclusively within vascular lumina. Immunohistochemical labeling showed the reactivity of neoplastic cells to CD2, CD99, CD3ε, CD43, CD56, Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small nuclear RNAs (EBER), and cytotoxic proteins such as T-cell intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) and perforin, but not to CD4, CD8, CD20, CD79a,CD30, cytokeratin (CK), S100, or CD68. The endothelial cells lining the involved vessels exhibited the reactivity to CD31 and CD34. Based on the above findings, the patient was diagnosed with intravascular NK/T-cell lymphoma firstly manifesting as gastrointestinal tract symptom and complicated by skin lesions. Following combined chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, daunorubicin, vincristine, prednisone and etoposide, the patient experienced a quick and satisfactory recovery and the follow-up still continued.

AIM: To study the influence of MG132 on the proliferation and cell cycle distribution of NK/T cell lymphoma cells, and to investigate the potential role of proteasome inhibitor on the treatment of NK/T cell lymphoma. METHODS: NK/T cell lymphoma cells HANK1 were treated with proteasome inhibitor MG132, and the proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. The morphological changes were observed under inverse microscope. The cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected using flow cytometry. RESULTS: The growth inhibitory rate of HANK1 cells was(57.72±7.44)% after cultured for 24 h with 1 μmol/L MG132 and was just(3.98±0.07)% after cultured for 24 h with 0.1 μmol/L MG132. The positive relationship between the concentration of MG132 and growth inhibitory rate was observed. On the other hand, after cultured for 24 h with 1μmol/L MG132, the cells in G_1 and G_2 phases were(72.33±3.44)% and(12.86±1.29)%, respectively, much higher than those in control group(63.63%±2.29% and 7.94%±1.91%, respectively). The early and late apoptosis rates in MG132 group were 33.57%±2.10% and 16.66%±0.47%, respectively, much higher than that in control group (7.18%±0.82% and 3.81%±1.06%, respectively). CONCLUSION: MG132 inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrested at G_1 and G_2 phases, and cell apoptosis in NK/T cell lymphoma cells in a concentration dependent manner. Proteasome inhibitor may be a good drug to treat patients with advanced NK/T cell lymphomas.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; metabolism ; CD79 Antigens ; metabolism ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; virology ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; virology ; Plasmacytoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; virology

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Precancerous Conditions ; pathology

· AIM: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of anterior lens capsule inclusion in combined trabeculectomy and cataract surgery in preventing scar formation of the filtering bleb in rabbit model.· METHODS: Twerty-Four eyes (12 rabbits) with glaucoma model were studied, anterior lens capsule inclusion in trabeculectomy with the small-incision cataract surgery were performed on all right eyes (experimental group) and no implants were applicator in trabeculectomy with the small-incision cataract surgery on all left eyes (control group). These operated eyes were followed up from day 1 to 6 months postoperatively. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured and filtering blebs were observed after surgery. Other main outcome measures: cornea、conjunctiva、formation of the anterior chamber, anterior chamber depth、inflammatory reaction、achievement ratio of operation and complications were analyzed. On week 1, 2, 4, 12 and 24 after surgery the animal were killed in batch. Tissue was harvested from the bleb area and was made pathological section. HE staining、light microscope and micro photo analysis technique were applied to observe the cytological and histopathologic characteristics of the filtering tunnels.· RESULTS: There were significant differences between the two groups on IOP (1, 2, 4 weeks)、filtration bleb, achievement ratio of operation and complications. In experimental group, at the first month postoperatively, anterior lens capsule absorption started with inflammatory characteristics. The peak of inflammatory reaction occurred 1 week after operation and all the cells in the filtrating tunnel disappeared 6month after surgery. The fibroblast proliferation in control group occurred at I week and the filtrating tunnel closed with angiogenesis at 1 month after surgery. Fibroblast proliferation started 1week after surgery with no statistical difference during the time course (P ＞0.05). Significant statistical differences were observed by comparing the fibro blasts numbers per unit area in the filtrating tunnel in experimental group and those in control groups (P＜0.05).· CONCLUSION: Anterior lens capsule was totally absorbed at 6 months postoperatively. Anterior lens capsule inclusion in trabeculectomy with cataract surgery can possibly control intraocular pressure effectively, long-term sustainability of functional filtration bleb, inhibition of the proliferation of fibroblasts and opening of the filtrating pathway in the experimental animal models were satisfied. Compared to the control group, anterior lens capsule application has less complication.

Objective To analyze the features of health economics in the treatment of leukemia;To evaluate the improvement trend of levels of clinical diagnosis, treatment and management. Methods TCM medical information dtatabase and electronic medical system in Zhejing Province TCM Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015 were retrived. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, leukemia patients’ materials that met the critiria were screened. The total hospitalization fees, cost of Western medicine, the cost of Chinese patent medicine, cost of TCM decoction pieces, and cost of blood transfusion were set as costs, while white blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, and platelet count were set as effectiveness indicators for cost effectiveness analysis. Results In patients with low white blood cell count increased unit white blood cell count, patients with high white blood cell count declined unit white blood cell count, patients with low hemoglobin increased unit hemoglobin count and patients with low platelet count increased unit platelet count, the total hospitalization fees, cost of Western medicine, the cost of Chinese patent medicine, cost of TCM decoction pieces, and blood transfusionfor the above increases showed a decreasing trend. Conclusion Health economics advantages in three blood routine indicators after treatment of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine for leukemia is increasing year by year.