133 teeth in 34 children aged 4 to 8 year-old were recruited for the treatment of bilateral maxillary primary canines or primary molars with deep caries,chronic pulpitis or chronic periapical periodontitis under local anesthesia.Buccal infiltration(BI)with conventional syringe(CS)was used for one quadrant,anterior middle superior alveolar anesthesia(AMSA)with computer-controlled local anesthesia de-livery system(C-CLADS)on the contralateral side.The injection duration(s)of CS and C-CLADS was 63.6 ±22.6 and 136.6 ±12.4 re-spectively(P =0.000).The pain perception of C-CLADS injection was significantly lower than that of CS(P <0.05),that during operation was not statistically different(P >0.05).55.9% children preferred C-CLADS anesthesia.

To assess the postoperative outcomes of piggyback implantation using Acrysof Toric intraocular lens ( lOL ) in high myopia combined with corneal astigmatism.
●METHODS: Sixty patients who had phacoemulsification with lOL implantation due to high myopia, cataract and corneal astigmatism from January 2010 to June 2013 were randomly divided into observation group (piggyback Toric lOL implantation, both an Acrysoft lQ Toric lOL and a minus foldable acrylic three piece lOL were implanted in the capsular bag, n= 30) and control group (foldable lOL implantation, n = 30). Postoperative follow - up went on 6mo. lnformation collected included uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA), lOL position, residual astigmatism and complications.
● RESULTS: The UCVA increased from 3. 52 ± 0. 03 preoperatively to 4. 78±0. 01 at 6mo postoperatively in the observation group, from 3. 51±0. 03 preoperatively to 4. 30± 0. 13 at 6mo postoperatively in the control group. The observation group's postoperative UCVA was better than that of the control group. There was statistically significant difference ( t = 3. 612, P < 0. 05 ). The preoperative corneal astigmatism was 2. 97 ± 0. 87 (1. 70 -4. 27) D in the observation group and 2. 92 ± 0. 97 (1. 50 -4. 90)D in the control group. The postoperative residual astigmatism was 0. 48 ± 0. 23 ( 0. 25 - 1. 00 ) D in the observation group and 2. 87 ± 1. 11 (1. 00 - 5. 20) D in the control group. There was statistically significant difference postoperatively (t = - 11. 995, P < 0. 05) between the two groups. No complications occurred.
●CONCLUSlON: Piggyback implantation using Toric lOL can help to solve the problem of no matching Toric lOL power for the high myopia combined with corneal astigmatism at the current stage. lt improves the UCVA and reduces the astigmatism after the cataract surgery.

The rapid development of systems biology provides ideas and means for the in-depth study of Chinese materia medica (CMM). It can comprehensively and systematically analyze the molecular mechanism of CMM and Chinese medicine prescription in treating diseases with multi-component and multi-target. It has become the direction and hot spot of the safety research on the toxicity and detoxification of CMM based on the integrated multi-omics strategy. In this paper, the ideas, methods and progress of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabonomics and multi-omics integration technology in the study of toxicity, detoxification and mechanism of CMM were reviewed, which provides reference for the in-depth study of multi-omics technology in toxicity and detoxification of CMM.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between Mutans streptococcus (MS), Lactobacilli (LB), pH value and buffer capacity of saliva and early childhood caries (ECC).

METHODSA total of 178 children aged from 42 to 54 months were recruited from 14 urban kindergartens in Beijing. The ECC group contained 87 children with more than 5 decayed teeth, and the control group was composed of 91 caries-free children. Unstimulated (UWS, 2 ml) and stimulated (SWS, 2 ml) whole saliva were collected in each subject. The pH value and buffer capacity of saliva were measured using an electro-acidimeter (+/- 0.01pH).

RESULTSMS and LB were isolated from 96.6% and 79.3% of children with ECC, which were significantly higher than those (63.7%, 27.5%) of caries-free children (P < 0.05) respectively. The counts of MS and LB in children with ECC were approximately 10 times higher than that in caries-free children. Initial pH value and buffer capacity of SWS were significantly higher than that of UWS (P < 0.001) in both groups. The pH value and buffer capacity of both UWS and SWS in ECC children were significantly higher than caries-free children (P < 0.05). There were no significant correlations between MS, LB and pH value and buffer capacity of saliva in caries-free children. Significant correlation (r = 0.249, P < 0.05) was found between the numbers of MS and buffer capacity of stimulated saliva in ECC children.

CONCLUSIONSMS and LB were important pathogens for ECC. Lower initial pH value and buffer capacity of saliva may be an important factor of ECC.

Buffers ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Caries ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lactobacillus ; isolation & purification ; Male ; Saliva ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Streptococcus mutans ; isolation & purification

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of mitochondrial DNA12SrRNA A1555G mutation in Chinese populations with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss by the literature review and find the main actual deficiencies in course of epidemiological study.Methods From Cbmdisc and PUBMED database pulled out were all published epidemiological literatures about Chinese mtDNA12SrRNA A1555G mutation from 1996 to 2008.Reviewed were the primary data of these studies including the number of samples,demographic characteristics of the samples,mutation frequencies,interrelations between the mutation and aminoglycoside exposure and so on.Results 21 papers out of 25 were induded in this study.The patients had non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss from 14 regions of China.A total of 3 473 were found including 230 patients with A1555G mutation and the average mutation frequency was 6.62%.The samples in each regions ranged from 72 to 802 and the reported mutation frequencies were from 0.67%-14.6%.The statistical discrepancy was significant among mutation frequencies in different regions by χ~2 test(P=0.0000).The number of patients with aminoglycoside antibiotics exposure was 739 including 100 with A1555G mutation in all literatures.The proportions in different regions were from 2.70% to 33.33% with the average of 13.53%.The average proportion was significantly higher than the mutation frequency in patients with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss.Conclusion Some deficiencies in epidemiological research Omutation in China included age,ethnic,and geographic bias,insufficiency of samples,inadequate randomization and so on.Researchers should focus with more efforts on the epidemiological characteristics of A1555G mutation in Chinese people.

OBJECTIVETo observe therapeutic effect of aponeurotic system penetration needling on peripheral facial paralysis.

METHODSOne hundred and ten cases of peripheral facial paralysis were randomly divided into a Jingjin group (n=68) and a control group (n=42). The therapeutic effects of acute stage, resting stage and sequela stage, and the relation between the facial nerve lesion degree and the therapeutic effect were investigated.

RESULTSThe effective rates of the two needling methods were respectively 98.5% and 90.5%, the Jing1in group being better than the control group (P < 0.05); at the acute stage, the therapeutic effect of acupuncture was obvious, and the therapeutic effect at the sequela stage and for the patient of nerve faulty type in the Jingjin group were better than that of the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture and moxibustion has definite therapeutic effect on facial paralysis at the acute stage and in the patient of nerve active type, and aponeurotic system penetration needling can be used for the patient of facial paralysis at the sequela stage or with nerve faulty type.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Facial Paralysis ; therapy ; Humans ; Moxibustion

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of transcription profiles of mouse thymus gene expression in different times after 6 Gy γ-irradiation.Methods High-flux cDNA microarray technique was used irradiation,the numbers and types of differentially expressed genes were gradually decreased,for instance,the induced differential expression genes were involved in cell cycle,immunity and stress,apeptosis,signal transduction,transcription regulation,DNA synthesis and recombination,cystoskeleton,ion channel and transportation,metabolism,protein translation and synthesis,development and cell differentiation,etc.correlated cell cycle(3 up-regulating:Cyclin G,Anxal,Fgf1 and 2 down-regulating:Cdc2a,Cdc25b),5 genes correlated immune stress(4 up-regulating:IL-18,Casp1,IL-15,IL-7 and 1 down-regulating:Cd28),7 genes correlated apoptosis(4 up-regulating:Caspl,Anxal,Perp,IL-7 and 3 down-regulating:Pten,Api5 and Fas).Conclusions After 6 Gy irradiation,differentially expressed genes in mouse thymus is not only involved in many targets,levels and pathways,but also displayed an obvious difference in times.This reveals the regular pattern of differential expression genes in the process of injury and reconstitution in moderate dose irradiated mouse thymus.

BACKGROUNDIn dental clinics, dentition defects are commonly restored with conventional porcelain-fused-to-metal fixed bridges. However, Ni-Cr alloy ceramic fixed bridges are known to have several drawbacks such as marginal coloration of the neck, low casting precision and, most seriously, poor biocompatibility. These problems could be circumvented by using noble metal ceramic bridges; however, one negative issue related to the conventional noble metal ceramic bridges is its high price due to the use of a large amount of gold for pontic. Therefore, an auro-galvanoforming ceramic bridge would be ideal to retain the advantages of a conventional material, yet reduce the amount of noble metal used. This study aimed to investigate whether any destructive changes occur to the auro-galvanoforming ceramic bridge under a fatigue cyclic loading test.

METHODSOn standard models which the left maxillary first premolar is lost and with the cuspid teeth and the second premolar as the fixed bridge abutment teeth, six maxillary auro-galvanoforming ceramic bridges and six corresponding nichrome ceramic jointed crowns were made as group A, six nichrome ceramic bridges and six corresponding nichrome ceramic jointed crowns were made as group B (control group). And then all specimens were fixed and tested on a fatigue cyclic loading machine; the changes occurring to the surfaces of occlusal contact with large functional area and to the porcelain-metal interfaces of the nichrome primary copings margins were observed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

RESULTSIn 120 hours' continual observation, none of the specimens had porcelain coating fractures or scraping occurrence and all of the porcelain coatings had been kept intact under sinusoidal cyclic loading with the load range of 120 - 200 N and frequency of 5 Hz.

CONCLUSIONSAuro-galvanoforming ceramic bridges exhibited excellent fatigue strength in the fatigue cyclic loading test and may satisfy the clinical demand in theory, while the practical application shall be evaluated by observations in long-term clinical usage.

Ceramics ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Gold ; Humans

Objective To evaluate the genotypic diversity of Streptococcus sobrinus( Ss) between children suffering with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) and caries-free children by arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction(AP-PCR). Methods A total of 178 children aged from 42 to 54 months were recruited from 14 urban kindergartens. The S-ECC group contained 87 children with more than 5 decayed teeth, and the control group was composed of 91 caries-free children. Stimulated whole saliva was collected by chewing paraffin. All mutans streptococcus isolates were subcultured, biochemically characterised and identified by PCR as Streptococcus mutans(Sm)and Ss.Then the Ss isolates were genotyped by AP-PCILResults The frequency of Ss detection was 18% in S-ECC children, which was significantly higher than3% in caries-free children (P ＜ 0. 01). Twenty-two distinct genotypes of Ss were identified from 53 clinical isolates. In S-ECC group, one to three genotypes of Ss were detected in each saliva sample. Only one genotype of Ss was detected in all the caries-free children. One genotype of Ss were shared by three S-ECC children. The genotypes of isolates in S-ECC group were relate to decayed-missing-filled teeth ( r = 0. 50,P＜0. 05). Conclusions The rate of Ss detection was significantly higher in S-ECC children than in caries-free children. Isolates of Ss displayed genetic polymorphism. The multi-genotypes of Ss was related to differences in caries susceptibility. Strains of Ss with same genotype were present in unrelated subjects.

OBJECTIVETo construct a eukaryotic expression vector of transmembrane-4-L-six-family-1 (TM4SF1) gene and study its effect on the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells.

METHODSA pair of specific primers of TM4SF1 gene (GenBank: BC034145.1) was used to acquire the open reading frame of TM4SF1 by RT-PCR. The amplified sequence was ligated to a PEZ-M29 vector, which, after identification, was transiently transfected in colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and DLD1. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were used to analyze the transfection efficiency, and scratch and Transwell tests were performed to analyze the changes in the migration and invasion of HCT116 and DLD1 cells after transfection.

RESULTSCell scratch and Transwell assays revealed that transfection with the recombinant plasmid, PEZ-M29/TM4SF1, caused up-regulated expression of TM4SF1 and promoted the migration and invasion of HCT116 and DLD1 cells.

CONCLUSIONOur results demonstrated that TM4SF1 is closely related to the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells in vitro.

Antigens, Surface ; biosynthesis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Genetic Vectors ; HCT116 Cells ; Humans ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Transfection