Objective To explore the psychological stressors and coping styles of nurses in primary hospital hemodialysis room. Methods Forty two nurses in primary hospital hemodialysis room were selected as research objects, and then we investigated their psychological stressors, influencing factors and coping styles. Results The scores of health dimension, working dimension, economical dimension were (3. 48 ± 0. 64), (3. 19 ± 0. 45) and (3. 03 ± 0. 50), and they were the main psychological stressors. Age, education, job title and work experience were the influencing factors. Optimism, confrontation, self-reliance and seeking support were the main coping style. Abreaction, bow to fate, escapism and masking were useless. Conclusions Medical institutions need to take effective measures in view of the pressure source, and reduce the nurse′s psychological stress and maintain their physical and mental health.