Objective To explore the moisture absorption and related components of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Methods The hygroscopicity of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its water and alcohol elution parts separated by macroporous resin was measured, and the contained low molecular sugars (monosaccharides, oligosaccharide), polysaccharide, protein, amino acid, tannins and salvianolic acid B, etc. were analyzed. Results D101 macroporous resin was used for separation and purification of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The hygroscopicity of water elution parts was enhanced;carbohydrate, protein and other hydrophilic substances content increased; the content of salvianolic acid B was reduced to 1.76 mg/g. While the hygroscopicity and hydrophilic substances of alcohol elution parts were greatly reduced; the content of salvianolic acid B increased to 146.57 mg/g. Conclusion The hygroscopicity of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizomais closely related to the contained strong hydrophilic components, such as low molecular sugars, etc. Using D101 macroporous resin to purify aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma can not only effectively gather the contain phenolic acids active ingredients, but also sharply decrease the extract yield and extract moisture absorption.

Objective To study the changes in interleukin-32 (IL-32) in rats with Klebsiella bacillus pneumonia and approach its significance. Methods Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divide into control group,model group and experimental group by the method of random digits table,then the experimental group was subdivided into 4 hours and 1,3 and 5 days experimental subgroups(each n=6). The rat model of Klebsiella bacillus pneumonia was established by injection of 0.3 mL Klebsiella bacterial suspension into the trachea. Before the establishment of the model in the experimental group,IL-32 inhibitory agent,protease activated receptor-2(PAR2) was injected into the abdominal cavity. After model establishment,at different time points,blood was collected via tail vein to observe the changes in serum levels of IL-32,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),IL-6 and IL-8 in all the groups. The lungs were removed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin(HE)method to investigate the histopathological changes of the lung tissues under the light microscope. Results Compared to the control group, with the prolongation of time the levels of IL-32,TNF-α,IL-8 and IL-6 were increased gradually in the model group,and reached their peaks at 3 days〔IL-32(ng/L):84.40±28.24 vs. 18.57±3.86,t=5.544,P=0.002;TNF-α(ng/L):79.27±14.64 vs. 17.82±3.86, t=9.994, P=0.000;IL-8(ng/L):55.85±10.90 vs. 16.66±3.76,t=8.544, P=0.000;IL-6(ng/L):56.65±2.57 vs. 28.48±2.11,t=19.693,P=0.000〕;PAR2 could inhibit above indexes significantly,there was statistical difference at 3 days compared with the model group〔IL-32(ng/L):54.13±6.68 vs. 84.40±28.24,t=2.560,P=0.046;TNF-α(ng/L):49.12±3.56 vs. 79.27±14.64,t=4.901,P=0.003;IL-8 (ng/L):22.95±2.52 vs. 55.85±10.90,t=7.204,P=0.000;IL-6(ng/L):36.49±2.63 vs. 56.65±2.57,t=13.443, P=0.000〕. Under the light microscope,the inflammatory changes in the lung tissue in experimental group were milder than those in the model group. Conclusion As a pro-inflammatory cytokine,IL-32 can induce the production of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8,and the inhibition of IL-32 production may play a role in suppression of the development of Klebsiella bacillus pneumonia.

Objective To construct the KU80 inhibition cell model by RNAi in U2OS cell and to explore the relationship between the Ku80,telomeres and radiosensitivity in telomerase-negative tumor cells.Methods U2OS cells were transfected with the recombinant plasmids of pshRNA-K80 by the lipofectamine,and the stable transfected cell clones were selected by G418.After the selection,the cells were collected and analyzed by the flow cytometry.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression of Ku80 and Real-time PCR was used to detect the length of telomeres.The radiosensitivity of U2OS was determined by clone formation array.Results The transfection efficiency of the positive cell clones detected by the flow cytometry was (83.23 ± 7.63) ％.The inhibition rate of the Ku80 gene transcription in the cell group with recombinant plasmid was(68.09 ± 1.16)％ and the inhibition rate of the Ku80 protein expression in the same group was (11.03 ± 2.45) ％.The results of Real-time PCR showed that the telomere length of the cell group with recombinant plasmid (1.07 ± 0.07) was significantly shorter than that of the control group (4.42 ± 1.30,F =38.58,P ＜ 0.05) and that of the empty plasmid group (4.11 ±0.84,F =38.58,P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the control group,the telomere length of the empty plasmid group did not changed(4.42 ±0.84 vs.4.11 ±0.84).U2OS cells with Ku80 expression suppressed had lower SF2 than that of the control cells (F =1089.61,P ＜0.05),and resulted in the SER of 1.47.Conclusions The Ku80 inhibition cell model in telomerase-negative U2OS cell line is successfully established which has the shorter telomere length,and is more sensitive to radiation.Telomere shortening caused by pshRNA-of Ku80 is likely to be one of the mechanisms of radiosensitization in this kind of cell model.

Objective To investigate the roles of SENP1 in regulation of biological characteristics of NK cells.Methods Lentivirus-mediated-Senp1-small-hairpinRNA (shRNA) transduction was applied to NK92 cells.The expression of SENP1 in NK92 cells was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot.The proliferation of NK92 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay.The apoptosis of NK92 cells was determined by Annexin Ⅴ and PI labeling.The cytotoxicity of NK92 cells against K562 cells was evaluated by luciferase reporter assay.Results Treatment of NK92 cells with IL-21 resulted in SENP1 upregulation.Lentivirus mediated SENP1 knockdown reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis in NK-92 cells,but SENP1 inhibition had slight impact on the cytotoxic ability of NK92 cells to kill K562 cells.Conclusion SENP1 mediates the regulatory effect of IL-21 on the proliferation and survival of NK92 cells.

A survey on professional knowledge levels was conducted from April to October 2019 among 388 general practitioners (GPs) from 46 community health service centers and 30 township health centers of 6 provinces selected by stratified random sampling method. The overall knowledge test score was 31.82—84.09(56.94±9.19) points, and the pass rate was 36.3% (141/388). There were significant differences in test scores among participants with different types of work units, regions, provinces, marital status, educational background, professional titles, types of employment, length of service, and training status (all P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that educational background ( B=-2.835), professional title ( B=-8.867), and participation in professional course training ( B=2.214) were the influencing factors of knowledge level (all P<0.05). The pass rates in knowledge of prevention/health management (13.7%, 53/388) and policies and regulations (12.1%, 47/388) were low. The results show that the levels of professional knowledge among GPs working in grassroots health institutions are relatively low, and suggest that continuing education should be strengthened to improve the professional knowledge level of GPs in primary care institutions, particularly, knowledge of health policies and regulations, disease prevention and health management.

Objective:To determine the effect of pelvic floor electrical stimulation combined with conventional treatment on neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury.Methods:The Pubmed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CQVIP and Wanfang databases were electronically searched for reports published before April 2019 of randomized and controlled trials testing the effect of electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor on neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury. Meta-analysis of all the reports collected was performed.Results:Seven randomized and controlled trials with 319 patients were identified. Together they showed that compared with conventional treatment, pelvic floor muscle stimulation better increased bladder capacity and reduced the volume of residual urine. Average single urination output was increased, while the frequency of urination decreased along with episodes of urinary incontinence. Average lower urinary tract symptoms scores were also significantly better.Conclusions:Electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor combined with conventional therapy may be more effective than conventional therapy alone in alleviating the symptoms of neurogenic bladder.

For transcriptome analysis,it is critical to precisely define all the transcripts across the whole genome.More and more digital gene expression (DGE) scannings have indicated the presence of huge amount of novel transcripts in addition to the known gene models.However,almost all these studies still depend crucially on existing annotation.Here,we present Gene2DGE,a Perl software package for gene model renewal with DGE data.We applied Gene2DGE to the mouse blastomere transcriptome,and defined 98,532 read-enriched regions (RERs) by read clustering supported by more than four reads for each base pair.Taking advantage of this ab initio method,we refined 2,104 exonic regions (4％ of a total of 48,501 annotated transcribed regions) with remarkable extension into un-annotated regions (＞50 bp).For 5％ of uniquely mapped reads falling within intron regions,we identified 13,291 additional possible exons.As a result,we renewed 4,788 gene models,which account for 39％ of a total of 12,277 transcribed genes.Furthermore,we identified 12,613 intergenic RERs,suggesting the possible presence of novel genes outside the existing gene models.In this study,therefore,we have developed a suitable tool for renewal of known gene models by ab initio prediction in transcriptome dissection.The Gene2DGE package is freely available at http://bighapmap.big.ac.cn/.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)positivity in the urban areas of Chongqing and its relationship with age,season,and gender.Methods A total of 4,836 patients who underwent 14C-UBT testing at our hospital from April 2023 to March 2024 were selected.The detection rate of H.pylori and the infection status of H.pylori in different age groups,genders,and seasons were analyzed.Logistic regression analysis was performed on factors related to H.pylori infection identified in the univariate analysis.Results The positive detection rate of H.pylori in the 4,836 subjects was 29.3％,with a higher rate in males than in females,showing a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).The highest positive detection rate of H.pylori was in the summer season,and the peak positivity rate for H.pylori was observed in the 30-39 age group.There was a statistically significant difference in the positive detection rate of H.pylori across seasons and among different age groups(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that gender,age,and season were all influential factors in the outcome of H.pylori infection(P＜0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of H.pylori infection in the urban areas of Chongqing is relatively low,and gender,age,and season are all influential factors for H.pylori infection.

Objective To explore the efficacy of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) in the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at complicated region. Methods Clinical data of 89 patients with HCC at complicated region treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between February 2015 and February 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. These patients were divided into LLR group and open liver resection group (OLR group) according to different operative procedures. There were 36 patients in LLR group, including 27 males and 9 females, with an average age of (54±13) years old. There were 53 patients in OLR group, including 44 males and 9 females, with an average age of (52±11) years old. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. Perioperative conditions and postoperative quality of life score in both groups were compared using t test or Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, and survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier test and Log-rank test. Results The length of operation was (268±89) min in LLR group, significantly longer than (210±74) min in OLR group (t=3.365, P<0.05). The postoperative length of hospital stay was (6.2±1.2) d in LLR group, significantly shorter than (7.2±2.3) d in OLR group (t=-2.347, P<0.05). The operation expenses was (19.1±9.3) thousand RMB in LLR group, which was significantly higher than (6.1±1.7) thousand RMB in OLR group (t=10.425, P<0.05). The score of daily activity, accessory symptoms of HCC and score of quality of life were (25±4), (64±7) and (151±20) points in LLR group, significantly higher than (23±3), (60±7) and (144±9) points in OLR group, respectively (t=2.278, 2.375, 2.720; P<0.05). The overall survival, disease-free survival were respectively 93.0%, 78.0% in OLR group, and respectively 97.0%, 79.0% in LLR group, where no significant difference was observed (χ2=0.276, 0.029; P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with OLR, LLR can obviously shorten the length of hospital stay and improve the postoperative quality of life for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at complicated region. It is safe and feasible.

Environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals are a kind of exogenous chemicals that generally exist in the environment, and can disturb the endocrine homeostasis and adversely affect reproductive, immune, neurological, and other functions after entering the body, among which the damage to the reproductive system is the most significant one. Studies have confirmed that the long-term exposure to environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals have irreversible and harmful effects on primordial germ cell growth, reproductive organ development, and reproductive endocrine regulation, and also have obvious correlations with the occurrence and development of various reproductive system tumors. This paper reviewed various reproductive toxicities induced by common environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals in the developmental and reproductive stages, and associated mechanisms involved in the occurrence and development of reproductive system tumors.