3-year practice and questionnaire of the graduates majoring in ophthalmology indicate ophthalmologic typical case image implicates very much clinical information,can satisfy ophthalmologic clinical skills test,reflect examinee's clinical knowledge and technical skill level and guide intern to cultivate clinical thinking capability.

In plants, UDP-L-rhamnose is one of the major components of cell wall skeleton. Rhamnose synthase plays a key role in rhamnose synthesis which converts UDP-D-glucose into UDP-L-rhamnose in plants. In this study, we isolated the 1058 bp promoter region of the rhamnose synthase gene AtRHM1 from Arabidopsis genome by PCR, and created a series of deletions of AtRHM1 promoter ranging from -931 bp to +127 bp. The full length of the promoter and its deletion derivatives fused with GUS reporter gene were introduced into wild-type Arabidopsis by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation respectively. The GUS staining and GUS enzymatic activity assay showed that the expression of AtRHM1 is induced at transcriptional level by glucose and the regulatory elements involved in the glucose response are located in the region of -931 bp - -752 bp which contains three G-box motifs.
Arabidopsis ; genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; genetics ; Glucosyltransferases ; genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Uridine Diphosphate Glucose ; genetics ; metabolism ; Uridine Diphosphate Sugars ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective:To study the short-term (≤3 months) efficacy and safety of esophageal triamcinolone acetonide filling combined with short-course oral methylprednisolone for the prevention of esophageal stenosis after large-area endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) (≥3/4 circumference).Methods:A total of 14 patients with 15 early esophageal lesions who received ESD after evaluation from June 2021 to September 2022 in Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine were enrolled. All received regular esophageal triamcinolone acetonide filling combined with oral methylprednisolone for 7 weeks until the lesions completely recovered by regenerated squamous epithelium (>95%). Patients with esophageal stricture were treated with additional endoscopic dilatation. The stenosis rate, the interval between the first endoscopic dilation and the completion of ESD, the number of esophageal triamcinolone acetonide filling, the healing time after ESD, and the speed and method of squamous epithelium regeneration were observed. The secondary observations were adverse events such as bleeding and perforation after ESD and adverse events related to steroid hormone.Results:No adverse events occurred after ESD in 14 patients. Only 1 patient developed esophageal stenosis, the incidence of stenosis was 7.1% (1/14). The interval between the first dilation and ESD was 39 days. Thirteen patients achieved squamous epithelium regeneration without stenosis or adverse events related to steroid hormone. The median number of esophageal triamcinolone acetonide filling was 6.5 times (4.0-14.0 times), the median healing time was 40 days (32-94 days), and the median healing speed was 0.61 cm2/d (0.30-1.55 cm2/d).Conclusion:Esophageal triamcinolone acetonide filling combined with short-course oral methylprednisolone for the prevention of esophageal stenosis after large-area ESD is effective and safe in the short-term follow-up.

Clinical and endoscopic data of 6 patients with colorectal mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma who were diagnosed by endoscopy in the Digestive Endoscopy Center of Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 2 males and 4 females with aged from 62 to 87 years. The lesions were located in rectum in 3 cases, transverse colon in 1 case, sigmoid colon in 1 case, and sigmoid colon and rectum in 1 case. There were 1 case of polyposis type, 2 cases of inflammation type, and 3 cases of submucosal tumor type. The "tree-like appearance (TLA)" found in 5 cases. Endoscopic resection, surgery combined with chemotherapy, Helicobacter pylori eradication and follow-up were performed on 2, 1, 1 and 2 cases, respectively. Five cases had a good prognosis after 21-73 months follow-up, and 1 case had lost to follow-up. No recurrence was found in endoscopic and imaging review. Colorectal MALT lymphoma should be considered when colonoscopy detects a submucosal lesion with TLA sign on the left colon. Endoscopic resection has the potential to be a first-line treatment in the context of early diagnosis.