1.Nucleocytoplasmic transport and neurodegenerative diseases
Zi-jian WANG ; Zi-heng LI ; Yi-kun CHANG ; Tian ZHANG ; Yuan-yuan REN ; Feng-qin HE
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2021;56(5):1217-1228
Nucleocytoplasmic transport is the basic cellular activity of eukaryotic cells, which plays a role in cell physiological and pathological processes. A large amount of evidences indicate that impaired nucleocytoplasmic trafficking has emerged as a mechanism contributing to the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. The regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport is crucial to elucidate the pathogenesis and intervention in the neurodegenerative diseases. This article summarizes the evidences in disturbed nucleocytoplasmic transport of neurodegenerative diseases in the past two decades, further explores the directions and provides a theoretical basis for the pathogenesis and drug targets in neurodegenerative diseases.
2. Changes in expression of estrogen receptor α and β associated with anxiety-like behavior of dams in dams-offspring separation of C57BL/6 J mice
Feng-Qin HE ; Bing YU ; Quan-Li XIANG ; Deng-Xiang ZHOU ; Geng-Chao QU
Acta Anatomica Sinica 2021;52(1):30-35
Objective To investigate the effects of dams-offspring separation on anxiety-like behaviors of dams, and if these anxiety-like behaviors of dams are associated with estrogen receptorα(ERα) and β( ERβ)in some brain regions. Methods Thirty C57BL/6 J female mice were divided into three groups, control group (CG, n= 10,non-isolated group), short-term separation group( SG,/i= 10, dams were separated from their offspring for 15 minuts per day from the second day to the tenth day after childbirth ) and long-term separation group ( LG, n = 10, dams were separated from their offspring for 3 hours per day from the second day to the tenth day after childbirth ). Anxiety-like behaviors of dams were evaluated in an open-field (OF) and elevated plus-maze test ( EPM ). The level of ERα- immunoreactive neurons (ERα-IRs) and ERβ-immunoreactive neurons (ERβ-IRs) in three brain regions including medial preoptic area (mPOA), hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMH) and medial amygdaloid nucleus ( MeA) were analyzed. Results In OF, compared to CG group and SG group, LG group had significantly less time in center area, crossing number and total distance(P<0.001), there were no significant difference between the CG group and SG group( P>0.05 ). In EPM, compared to CG group and SG group, LG group had significantly less percentage of time, distance in open arms and total distance(P<0.001 ). Compared to CG group and SG group, LG group had significantly less ERa-IRs and ERβ-IRs in mPOA, VMH, and MeA(P<0.01). Conclusion Dams that are long-termly separated from their offspring may have anxiety-like behavior, and this behavior may be related to the significant reduction of ERa and ERβ in these brain regions.
3.Analysis of timing and prognostic factors of early tracheotomy in patients with multiple rib fractures
Bing ZHANG ; Gongke LI ; Yurong WANG ; Fei WU ; Suqin SHI ; Qinling FENG ; Xin HANG ; Runfeng MIAO ; Le XIA ; Cheng DUAN ; Juling LENG ; Yong LI
Chinese Journal of Trauma 2021;37(7):646-652
Objective:To investigate the related factors that affect the timing and prognosis of early tracheostomy in patients with multiple rib fractures.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted on medical data of 222 patients with multiple rib fractures who underwent tracheostomy in Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from February 2013 to October 2019,including 160 males and 66 females,with the age of 18 to 85 years [(49.5 ± 16.3)years]. According to the practice management guidelines for tracheostomy timing and the use of propensity score matching technology,there were 118 patients with tracheostomy within 7 days of tracheal intubation (early group) and 104 patients with tracheostomy after 7 days of tracheal intubation (late group) before matching,and there were 87 patients in early group and 87 patients in late group after matching. Data were compared between groups including the gender,age,underlying disease,injury severity score (ISS),Glasgow coma score (GCS),number of fractured ribs,total number of rib fractures (NTRF),first rib fracture,flail chest,traumatic brain injury,combined injuries (spine,maxillofacial,sternum),acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),volume fraction of pulmonary contusion(VPC),blood lactic acid (within 24 hours of admission),hemothorax,pneumothorax,mechanical ventilation time,duration of tracheostomy,time from tracheal intubation to incision,length of hospital stay,length of stay in ICU,closed thoracic drainage,number of fiberoptic bronchoscopy,multi-drug resistant bacteria infection,ventilator-associated pneumonia,antibiotic use time,duration of sedative and analgesic drugs used and 28-day mortality. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to predict independent risk factors for early tracheostomy. The Pearson method was used to compare the relationship between multiple factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to predict indicators that affect the prognosis of patients with early tracheostomy,and calculate the best cut-off value. The Kaplan-Meier single factor and COX multivariate survival were used to analyze the relevant factors affecting the 28-day mortality of patients.Results:(1) In early group,the NTRF,ARDS and VPC were higher than those in late group,and the time from tracheal intubation to incision and 28-day mortality rate were lower than those in late group ( P < 0.05),while the two groups showed no significant differences in the gender,age,underlying diseases and ISS ( P > 0.05). (2) The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that there was statistical significance in NTRF ( OR = 1.775,95% CI 1.439-2.188),ARDS( OR = 3.740,95% CI 1.441-9.711),VPC ( OR = 1.087,95% CI 1.052-1.124) ( P < 0.05); the Pearson method analysis showed a significant correlation between VPC and NTRF ( r = 0.369, P < 0.05) and a low degree of correlation between ARDS and VPC ( r = 0.179, P < 0.05),but there was no significant correlation between ARDS and NTRF ( r = 0.132, P > 0.05). (3) The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the VPC and NTRF [AUC = 0.832 (95% CI 0.770-0.893),AUC = 0.804 (95% CI 0.740-0.868)] were significantly higher than those of the number of rib fractures [AUC = 0.437(95% CI 0.352-0.523),GCS [AUC = 0.519 (95% CI 0.432-0.605)] and ISS [AUC = 0.484 (95% CI 0.398-0.571)] ( P < 0.05). After calculating the Yorden index,the best cut-off value for VPC was 23.9,and the best cut-off value for NTRF was 8.5. (4) The Kaplan-Meier single factor and multivariate COX model survival analysis showed that the 28-day survival ratio of patients with early tracheostomy was significantly better than that of late tracheostomy ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:The NTRF,ADRS and VPC are independent risk factors for the timing and prognosis of early tracheostomy. There is a significant correlation between VPC and NTRF. The VPC ≥ 23.9% and or NTRF ≥ 8.5 can be used to predict early tracheostomy in patients with multiple rib fractures. Early tracheostomy may benefit the 28-day survival of patients with multiple rib fractures.
4.Study on the molecular mechanism of Cinnamomi Cortex-Rehmanniae Radix in preventing and treating osteoporosis based on multi-directional regulation of inflammatory factors, estrogen and bone homeostasis
Fan PING ; Lin ZHU ; Xia SHEN ; Qi-feng HAN ; Ying LIU ; Yong-gang YAN ; Gang ZHANG ; Liang PENG ; Yan-yan CHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2022;57(12):3644-3652
In this study, the molecular mechanism of Cinnamomi Cortex-Rehmanniae Radix (CR) in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (OP) was investigated by integrating compatibility analysis of compound, bioinformatics and metabolomics. The rat OP models were established, and the Micro-CT indexes and pathological sections were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that compared with the model group, the indexes such as bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) were significantly increased after CR treatment (
5.Use of ITS2 and psbA-trnH DNA barcode sequences of wild Phytolacca resources in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province
Rui-hua LÜ ; Zhao FENG ; Tian-yi MA ; Rui-hua LÜ ; Ming-ying ZHANG ; Liang PENG ; Jing GAO ; Gang ZHANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2020;55(8):1951-1956
In order to explore the use of DNA barcode in the identification of wild