Gastric cancer is one of the most commonly seen malignant tumors in digestive tract.Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial for the improvement of patients'survival.By analyzing the proteins aberrantly expressed in gastric cancer using proteomics technologies,a series of proteins that are strongly related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer have been identified,which are promising to be applied for the early diagnosis and prediction of patients' prognosis.This article reviewed the recent advances in research on proteomic biomarkers for gastric cancer.

Objective To reveal the morphologic changes of rats' prostates after castration, and to explore the possible mechanism that causes these morphologic changes. Methods 90 male adult rats were randomized into 9 groups (10 per group), one group as the control, while the others were sacrificed 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 days post castration. Prostates were harvested, then fixed, embedded, sectioned, and observed by light microscope and electric telemicroscope. Furthermore, sections of the prostates were detected for apoptosis by TUNEL and PCNA by immunohistochemistry. Sections stained by HE were applied to computer-based imaging analysis system in order to count the area of glands, stroma and the width of the epithelium separately. Results Prostatic glands were atrophied, and the secretion of glands was diminished post castration. Apoptosis and necrosis occurred in the epithelia as well as in the stromal cells and the proliferation index was decreased. Conclusions Weight and volume loss of the prostates after castration was due to the loss and atrophy of the prostate cells as well as the decrease of secretion. Apoptosis and proliferation might play a role in the atrophy of the prostate.

Objective To explore the expressions of glutathione reductase in gastric cancer,to investigate the relationship between glutathione reductase (GSR) and clinical pathological characteristics of gastric cancers,to identify the role of GSR in evaluation of the prognosis of gastric cancer patients,and to investigate the role of GSR in the development of gastric cancer.Methods The gastric cancer datasets were searched and downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA),and chip data were analyzed with clinical information.Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to explore the gene sets enriched in samples with high GSR expression.Results The expression of GSR was down-regulated in high grade tumors (P ＜ 0.01).No significant difference was found between different age,Shortest tumor diameter,American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) M stage,Barrett's esophagus,family history of gastric cancer,and Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection.Higher expression of GSR indicated poor prognosis in gastric cancer.GSEA indicated that GSR regulates gene sets associated with oxidative phosphorylation,metabolism of nucleotides,mitochondrial protein import,and mitotic G1 S phases.Conclusions GSR can be used as an indicator to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients and a target for the treatment of gastric cancer.