The pathogenesis of malignant lymphoma has been an important topic in tumor research ,but it is still unclear.Recent clinical studies showed that the expression level of Toll -like receptor 4(TLR4)was signif-icantly high in mantle cell lymphoma tissue and a variety of lymphoma cell lines .At the same time,the TLR4 ex-pression level was correlated with prognosis .The Role of TLR4 in malignant lymphoma for occurrence and devel-opment is reviewed in this article ,which may elucidate the pathogenesis and provide a new basis for the therapy of lymphoma.

Tumors represent one of the primary threats to human life, with the dissemination of malignant tumors being a leading cause of mortality among cancer patients. Early diagnosis of tumors can reliably predict their progression, significantly reducing mortality rates. Tumor markers, including circulating tumor cells, exosomes, proteins, circulating tumor DNA, miRNAs and so on, generated during the tumor development process, have emerged as effective approach for early tumor diagnosis. Several methods are currently employed to detect tumor markers, such as polymerase chain reaction, Northern blotting, next-generation sequencing, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. However, these methods often suffer from time-consuming process, high costs, low sensitivity, and the requirement for specialized personnel. Therefore, a new rapid, sensitive, and specific tumor detection method is urgently needed.The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system, originating from the adaptive immune system of bacteria, has found extensive applications in gene editing and nucleic acid detection. Based on the structure and function of Cas proteins, the CRISPR/Cas system can be classified into two classes and six types. Class I systems consist of multiple Cas protein complexes, including types I, III, and IV, while Class II systems comprise single, multi-domain Cas proteins mediated by RNA, including types II (Cas9), V (Cas12), and VI (Cas13). Class II systems have been widely employed in the fields of biotechnology and nucleic acid diagnostics due to their efficient target binding and programmable RNA specificity. Currently, fluorescence method is the most common signal output technique in CRISPR/Cas-based biosensors. However, this method often requires the integration of signal amplification technologies to enhance sensitivity and involves expensive and complex fluorescence detectors. To enhance the detection performance of CRISPR/Cas-based biosensors, the integration of CRISPR/Cas with some alternative techniques can be considered. The CRISPR/Cas integrated electrochemical sensor (E-CRISPR) possesses advantages such as miniaturization, high sensitivity, high specificity, and fast response speed.E-CRISPR can convert the reactions between biomolecules and detecting components into electrical signals, rendering the detection signals more easily readable and reducing the impact of background values. Therefore,E-CRISPR enhances the accuracy of detection results. E-CRISPR has been applied in various fields, including medical and health, environmental monitoring, and food safety. Furthermore, E-CRISPR holds tremendous potential for advancing the detection levels of tumor markers.Among all types of Cas enzymes, the three most widely applied are Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13, along with their respective subtypes. In this work, we provided a brief overview of the principles and characteristics of Class II CRISPR/Cas single-effector proteins. This paper focused on the various detection technologies based on E-CRISPR technique, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, voltammetry, photoelectrochemistry, and electrochemiluminescence. We also emphasized the applications of E-CRISPR in the field of tumor diagnosis, which mainly encompasses the detection of three typical tumor markers (ctDNA, miRNA, and proteins). Finally, we discussed the advantages and limitations of E-CRISPR, current challenges, and future development prospects. In summary, althoughE-CRISPR platform has made significant strides in tumor detection, certain challenges still need to be overcome for their widespread clinical application. Continuous optimization of the E-CRISPR platform holds the promise of achieving more accurate tumor subtyping diagnoses in clinical settings, which would be of significant importance for early patient diagnosis and prognosis assessment.

Objective To observe the changes of urine microalbumin (mAlb), renal function and intima-media thickness(IMT) of the carotid artery in prehypertensive patients and investigate whether there are related target organ damage. Methods From August 2009 to May 2010,one hundred and eighty patients were recruited into the study and divided into 3 groups according to the 2005 revised edition of guideline for prevention and treatment of hypertension in China: Sixty normotensive subjects ( NT group,41 males, 19 females,mean age [54. 6 ± 12. 3] years old) ;Sixty prehypertensive patients( PH group,32 males,28 females,mean age [57.0 ± 12.7] years old) and 60 hypertensive patients ( EH group, 28 males, 32 females, mean age [65.0 ±12. 1] years old). Urine mAlb, serum creatinine(Cr) and IMT of the carotid artery were measured and compared among the three groups. The relationships between prehypertension and urine mAlb,serum Cr, IMT of the carotid artery were analyzed. Results In the NT group, PH group and EH group, the urine mAlb concentrations were ( 15.3 ± 7.5 ) mg/L, ( 24. 6 ± 10. 7 ) mg/L and ( 37.3 ± 20. 4) mg/L respectively ;serum Cr were ( 68.0 ± 16. 5 )μmol/L, (81.9 ± 14.9)μmol/L and (95.8 ± 22.5)μmol/L respectively; IMT of the carotid artery were ( 1.46 ± 0. 67 ) mm, ( 1.79 ± 0. 74 ) mm and( 2. 34 ± 0. 78 ) mm respectively. Urine mAlb, serum Cr and IMT of the carotid artery were significantly higher in the PH group and EH group when compared to NT group ( P ＜0. 05 or 0. 01 ); and in the EH group these indices were also significantly higher than those in the PH group( P ＜0. 01 ). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjusted age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure( BP), serum lipid and serum glucose, in the PH group,the standard partial regression coefficients of correlation between urine mAlb and systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP) and serum glucose were 0. 279,0. 259 and 0. 360 respectively ( P = 0. 012, 0. 043 and ＜ 0. 001 ); the standard partial regression coefficients of correlation between serum Cr and SBP, DBP and serum glucose were 0. 317,0. 257 and 0. 377 respectively ( P = 0. 006,0. 049 and ＜ 0. 001 ). The standard partial regression coefficients of correlation between IMT of the carotid artery and age, SBP, DBP, total cholesterol and serum glucose were 0. 381,0. 375,0. 263,0. 265 and 0. 372 respectively( P ＜ 0. 001, ＜ 0. 001, = 0. 033,0. 021 and ＜ 0. 001 ). In the EH group, the standard partial regression coefficients of correlation between urine mAlb and SBP, DBP and serum glucose were 0. 378,0. 258 and 0. 283 respectively( P ＜ 0. 001, = 0. 046, and 0. 009); the standard partial regression coefficients of correlation between serum Cr and SBP, DBP and serum glucose were 0. 294,0. 261 and 0. 464respectively (P =0. 008,0. 042 and ＜0. 001 ) ;the standard partial regression coefficients of correlation between IMT of the carotid artery and age, SBP, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and serum glucose were 0. 262,0. 264, -0. 374 and 0. 306 respectively ( P = 0. 035,0. 023, ＜ 0. 001 and 0. 007 ). We found that both urine mAlb and serum Cr were significantly associated with BP and serum glucose; IMT of the carotid artery was significantly associated with age, BP, serum lipid and serum glucose. Conclusion Urine mAlb, serum Cr andIMT of the carotid artery increased in prehypertensive patients, and these indices were significantly associatedwith the level of the BP. These data indicated there were related target organ damage occurred in prehypertensive patients,the BP level was the risk factor that increased urine mAlb,serum Cr and IMT of the carotid artery.

Objective To compare the growth characteristics,proliferation and osteo/odontogenic differentiation capability of stem cells from human dental pulp (dental pulp stem cells,DPSCs) and apical papilla (stem cells from apical papilla,SCAP) in vitro.Methods Human dental pulp and apical papilla tissues were separated from impacted third molars of young healthy donors at the age of root development and digested by collagenase type Ⅰ and dispase type Ⅱ to derive primitive DPSCs and SCAP.Cells were then induced for osteo/odontongenic differentiation by medium containing β-glycerophosphate,dexamethasone and KH2PO4.Flow cytometry was utilized to test the expression of specific markers of stem cells,including CD24,CD34,CD45,CD90,CD105,CD146,STRO-1 and OCT-4.AR-S was used to display the mineralization structure and RT-PCR was applied to analyze the expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP),osteocalcin (OCN) and dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP).Results Both DPSCs and SCAP were positive for CD90,CD105,CD146,STRO-1 and OCT-4,in percentages varying according to cell type,without expression of CD34 or CD45.Only SCAP expressed CD24 positively.Both cells formed organized mineralization structure after 2 weeks of induction in time-dependent manner,with more mineralization by SCAP and expressed differentiation markers,including BSP,OCN and DSPP.Conclusion Human DPSCs and SCAP possess the characteristics of MSCs and could be differentiated into odontonblast-like cells in vitro.Both cells are approachable stem cell sources for dental tissue engineering.

Objective To comparatively study the characteristics of 3 kinds of culture substrates of human odontogenic induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs).Methods The human odontogenic iPSCs were cultured by 3 kinds of substrates:mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEF),matrigel and recombinant human vitronectin(VTN-N).The iPSCs growth situation was compared among three groups.Results The preparation time of these 3 kinds of substrates was 14,3,1 hlespectively,and,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The iPSCs reprogramming time was (30± 1.6),(26 ± 2.1),(27 ± 1.4) d,lespectively,wht that in the MEF group significantly higer than in other two groups (P＜0.05).The reprogramming efficiencies were 0.3 ％ ± 0.03 ％,0.56 ％ ± 0.08 ％,0.7 ％ ± 0.02 ％ respectively (P＜ 0.05).Three kinds of substrate could better support iPSCs growth and make them to maintain un-differentiation status.Conclusion with no heterologous animal components,and the adrantaga of simple pleparation,oonfrollable standard and shorter gramming time is easy to prepare,the standard is controllable and the reprogramming time is shorter,which is an ideal substrate for supporting iPSCs growth.

Objective: In order to find out the prevalence and death of pneumoconiosis in Qingyuan City, to explore the regularity of pneumoconiosis and lay a foundation for the prevention and management of pneumoconiosis. Methods: In August to December 2019, the basic data of pneumoconiosis from 1949 to 2018 were obtained through the monitoring of death causes of residents, occupational disease management system, Guangdong population information system and other means. The reported cases of pneumoconiosis were followed up, and retrospective investigation was conducted to analyze the basic conditions, the length of service exposed to dust, the time of diagnosis, the type of disease, the stage and the combined status of tuberculosis of pneumoconiosis cases. Results: From 1949 to 2018, a total of 466 cases of new pneumoconiosis were reported in Qingyuan City, including 325 cases of death (69.74%) , 114 cases of survival (24.46%) and 27 cases of loss of follow-up (5.80%) . The cases were mainly concentrated in the age group of 40-89 years (80.04%, 373/466) . There were 411 male cases (88.20%) and 7 female cases (1.50%) . The median length of service exposed to dust was 10.7 (6.0, 16.0) years. The diagnosis time of pneumoconiosis cases was mainly from 1949 to 1986 (68.67%, 320/466) , and the death cases were mainly from 1949 to 1986 (82.77%, 269/325) . Silicosis was the main type of pneumoconiosis (398 cases, 85.41%) . 200 cases (42.92%) were diagnosed as stage I pneumoconiosis, 185 cases (39.69%) were stage II pneumoconiosis, 81 cases (17.38%) were stage III pneumoconiosis at the first diagnosis. 102 cases (21.89%) were pneumoconiosis with tuberculosis. The proportion of death and lost follow-up cases diagnosed as stage I pneumoconiosis for the first time was significantly lower than that of survival cases, and the proportion diagnosed as stage II pneumoconiosis and the complication rate of tuberculosis were significantly higher than those of survival cases (χ(2)=15.48, 11.29, 32.73, P<0.001) . Conclusion: Pneumoconiosis in Qingyuan City is mainly silicosis. The number of new cases has been increasing in the past decade, and the prevention and control situation is still severe. The comprehensive prevention and treatment of silica dust should be included in the focus of supervision of government functional departments.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China/epidemiology* ; Dust ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Pneumoconiosis/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Silicosis/epidemiology*

Objective: Study of the results and the degree on occupational noise-induced deafness in-to the different high frequency hearing threshold weighted value, in order to provide theoretical basis for the re-vision of diagnostic criteria on occupational noise-induced deafness. Methods: A retrospective study was con-ducted to investigate the cases on the diagnosis of occupational noise-induced deafness in Guangdong province hospital for occupational disease prevention and treatment from January 2016 to January 2017. Based on the re-sults of the 3 hearing test for each test interval greater than 3 days in the hospital, the best threshold of each frequency was obtained, and based on the diagnostic criteria of occupational noise deafness in 2007 edition, Chi square test, t test and variance analysis were used to measure SPSS21.0 data, their differences are tested among the means of speech frequency and the high frequency weighted value into different age group, noise ex-posure group, and diagnostic classification between different dimensions. Results: 1. There were totally 168 cases in accordance with the study plan, male 154 cases, female 14 cases, the average age was 41.18 ±6.07 years old. 2. The diagnosis rate was increased into the weighted value of different high frequency than the mean value of pure speech frequency, the weighted 4 kHz frequency increased by 13.69% (χ²=9.880, P=0.002) , 6 kHz increased by 15.47% (χ²=9.985, P=0.002) and 4 kHz+6 kHz increased by15.47% (χ²=9.985, P=0.002) , the difference was statistically significant. The diagnostic rate of different high threshold had no obvious differ-ence between the genders. 3. The age groups were divided into less than or equal to 40years old group (A group) and 40-50 years old group (group B) , there were higher the diagnostic rate between high frequency weighted 4 kHz (A group χ²=3.380, P=0.050; B group χ²=4.054, P=0.032) , weighted 6 kHz (A group χ²=6.362, P=0.012; B group χ²=4.054, P=0.032) , high frequency weighted 4 kHz+6 kHz (A group χ²=6.362, P=0.012; B group χ²=4.054, P=0.032) than those of speech frequency average value in the same group on oc-cupational noise-induced deafness diagnosis rate, the difference was statistically significant. There was no sig-nificant difference between age groups (χ²=2.265, P=0.944) . 4. The better ear's mean value of pure speech fre-quency and the weighted values into different high frequency of working years on each group were compared, working years more than 10 years group was significantly higher than that of average thresholds of each frequen-cy band in 3-5 group (F=2.271, P=0.001) , 6-10 group (F=1.563, P=0.046) , the difference was statistically significant. The different high frequency weighted values were higher than those of the mean value of pure speech frequency, and the high frequency weighted 4 kHz+6 kHz had the highest frequency difference, with an average increase of 2.83 dB. 5. The diagnostic rate into weighted different high frequency was higher in the mild, moderate and severe grades than in the pure speech frequency. In the comparison of diagnosis for mild occupational noise-induced deafness, in addition to the weighted 3 kHz high frequency (χ²=3.117, P=0.077) had no significant difference, the weighted 4 kHz (χ²=10.835, P=0.001) , 6 kHz (χ²=9.985, P=0.002) , 3 kHz+4 kHz (χ²=6.315, P=0.012) , 3 kHz+6 kHz (χ²=6.315, P=0.012) , 4 kHz+6 kHz (χ²=9.985, P=0.002) , 3 kHz+4 kHz+6 kHz (χ²=7.667, P=0.002) were significantly higher than the diagnosis rate of the mean value of pure speech frequency. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the moderate and se-vere grades (P>0.05) . Conclusion Bring into different high frequency hearing threshold weighted value in-creases the diagnostic rate of occupational noise-induced deafness, the weighted 4 kHz, 6 kHz and 4 kHz+ 6 kHz high frequency value affects the result greatly, and the weighted 4 kHz+6 kHz high frequency hearing threshold value is maximum the effect on occupational noise-induced deafness diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical value of examination of cervical HPV infection in women in early pregnancy and postpartum.

METHODSUsing flow-through hybridization and gene chip techniques, we examined 3 806 cervical specimens of pregnant and postpartum women of different ages with different cervical diseases. The women were grouped into different age groups by every 5 years for HPV DNA genotyping of the specimens, with another 4080 women without pregnancy serving as the control.

RESULTSOf the total of 7886 specimens, high-risk HPV infection was detected a the rate of 12.5%. In pregnancy, postpartum and nonpregnancy, the infection rate was 14.3%,, 10.5%, and 11.7%, respectively. In the 4 age groups, the infection rate was 16.9%, 12.1%, 13.8%, and 22.1%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe high-risk HPV infection rate in pregnancy differs significantly from that in nonpregnancy and postpartum. The infection rate also differs with age during pregnancy and postpartum. Examination of HPV infection during pregnancy is safe and feasible.

Adult ; DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Papillomaviridae ; genetics ; Papillomavirus Infections ; virology ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; virology ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the expression of pinopodes, the marker of endometrial receptivity, during the implantation window in Kunming mice stimulated with two different doses of raloxifene (RAL).

METHODSForty-eight 8-week-old female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12), namely saline group, clomiphene citrate (CC, 18 mg/kg) group, RAL (33 mg/kg) group and RAL (44 mg/kg group). In each group, the mice received intragastric administration of 1 mL of normal saline containing CC or RAL at the specified doses or saline only as indicated for ovulation induction, once daily for 2 days. The mice received then injection with 5 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and mated and on day 4.5 of gestation, the pregnant mice were sacrificed for examination of the uterus with scanning electron microscopy.

RESULTSAbundant and well developed pinopodes were observed in the endometrium of the mice in the 2 RAL groups and in the saline control group. The mice in CC group showed obviously reduced endometrial pinopodes with poor development.

CONCLUSIONSRAL at two different doses does not obviously affect the expression of pinopodes in the uterine epithelium of mice, suggesting the safety of RAL at these two doses for ovulation induction without causing adverse effects on endometrial receptivity.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the phenotype and pathogenesis of a fetus with a rare chromosomal abnormality. METHODS: The fetus was analyzed by clinical prenatal ultrasonography, G-banding karyotyping and next generation sequencing (NGS). RESULTS: Prenatal ultrasonography of the fetus showed Dandy-Walker syndrome, growth restriction, and right-heart system dysplasia. The fetus had a chromosomal karyotype of 47,XY,t(11;22)(q23.3;q11.2),+der(22)t(11;22). Duplication of 11q23.3q25 and 22q11.1q21 were also detected by NGS. The chromosomal translocation carried by the fetus was derived from his father. CONCLUSION Duplications of chromosome 11q23.3q25 and 22q11.1q11.21 segments probably underlie the Dandy-Walker syndrome, growth restriction, and hypoplasia of the right heart system in the fetus.
Chromosome Disorders ; Chromosomes, Human ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Translocation, Genetic ; Trisomy