Objective To determine the content of heavy metals and harmful elements in commercially available Yuanhu Zhitong Capsule. Methods The determination of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, copper and chromium by atomic absorption spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry was established.Results The recovery rate of the method was between 91.2% and 111.2%, and the precision of the experiment was less than 5%, and the range of each element was good.The stability and reproducibility of the method were good.Lead and cadmium and copper of Yuanhu zhitong capsule in different degree exceeded the standard, while the content of arsenic, mercury and chromium was in accordance with the requirements. Conclusion The method is simple and easy to operate, convenient and quick.The content of the current limit of Yuanhu zhitong capsule still need to establish the quality standard of lead and cadmium, arsenic, mercury, copper and chromium.In this paper, the establishment of the heavy metals and harmful elements determination method of Yuanhu zhitong capsule provide quality control and safety evaluation of reference.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanism of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude acute response (HAAR). METHODS: Pulmonary function and partial oxygen pressure were measured in 10 patients with HAAR and 6 patients with HAPE before and after bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL),10 high altitude healthy volunteers were served as control subjects. RESULTS: The partial oxygen pressure of HAAR and HAPE significantly decreased before BAL compared with control; DLCO%, DLCO/VA%, PaO_2 of HAPE increased significantly [from 76.01%?6.29%, 150.30%?15.20%, (31.73?3.01) mmHg before BAL to 103.31%?9.23%, 176.04%?16.10%, (45.31?3.56) mmHg after BAL]. The above parameters were also changed in HAAR and controls, but had no statistical significance. CONCLUSION: High concentration of proteins and cells in BAL fluid for HAPE, gas exchange impairment and PaO_2 increase after BAL suggest accumulation of protein-rich fluid and cells in the alveolar space plays a crucial role in the development of HAPE.

Objective To investigate the value of carotid and lower limbs arteries atherosclerosis in prediction of intracranial atherosclerosis combined with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods Seventy-four patients with T2DM received the carotid artery , lower limbs arterial color Doppler ultrasound and cranial MRA examination. The data was analysised by Pearson correlation and Binary Logistic methods. Results With the increasement of degree of peri-arterial atherosclerosis , the intracranial arteriosclerosis was in a trend of increase. The correlation coefficients, OR values and AUC of LLAS and CAS + LLAS for intracranial atherosclerosis were 0.28 (P < 0.05) and 0.33 (P < 0.05), 0.14 (P < 0.05) and 9.28 (P < 0.05), 70.30% (P < 0.05) and 70.60% (P < 0.05), respectively. The cut-off point of LLAS and CAS + LLAS was lever 2. Conclusion The LLAS and CAS + LLAS with T2DM are independent risk factors for intracranial atherosclerosis , owning certain forecast values.

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors and participate in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the expression and function of many LncRNAs in tumors have not been fully clarified. In this paper, 113 normal breast tissues and 1 109breast cancer tissues were analyzed in TCGT database. LncRNA AL133467. 1 was found to be lowly expressed in breast cancer tissues and negatively correlated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. The expression of AL133467. 1 in breast cancer cells was significantly lower than that in normal breast epithelial cells. We overexpressed AL133467. 1 in relatively low-expression breast cancer cells SKBR3and BT474, and cell count and plate colony-formation experiments showed that overexpression ofAL133467. 1 could significantly inhibit the proliferation and colony formation of breast cancer cells (P< 0. 01). Cell scratch and Transwell assays showed that the migration and invasion ability of breast cancer cells overexpressing AL133467. 1 was significantly reduced compared with the control group (P<0. 01). MiRDB database showed that AL133467. 1 had binding sites with miR-661. miR-661 could bind the transducer of ErbB2, 2 (ErbB2, 2, TOB2). qRT-PCR showed that miR-661 was highly expressed inbreast cancer cells and positively correlated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients (P < 0. 001). Luciferase reporter assays showed that AL133467. 1 had specific binding to miR-661 (P < 0. 01). AL133467. 1 overexpression could inhibit the expression of miR-661 in breast cancer cells (P<0. 0001). Transfection of miR-661 mimics eliminated the inhibitory effect of overexpression of AL133467. 1 on breast cancer cells (P < 0. 001). In addition, qRT-PCR and Western blotting results showed that overexpression of AL133467. 1 up-regulated TOB2 mRNA (P < 0. 0001) and protein levels. But whenmiR-661 mimics were transfected, TOB2 mRNA (P < 0. 0001) and protein levels were significantly inhibited. In conclusion, as a competitive endogenous RNA of miR-661. AL133467. 1 promotes the expression of TOB2, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) and the characteristics of Medical Research Council (MRC) score and electromyogram.Methods:A case control study was conducted. Patients with mechanical ventilation ≥ 7 days and MRC score admitted to department of respiratory and critical care medicine of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from September 2018 to January 2020 were enrolled, and they were divided into ICU-AW group (MRC score < 48) and non-ICU-AW group (MRC score ≥ 48) according to MRC score. The general situation, past medical history, related risk factors, MRC score, respiratory support mode, laboratory examination results, electromyogram examination results, ICU-AW related treatment, outcome and length of ICU stay were collected, and the differences between the two groups were compared. The risk factors of ICU-AW were analyzed by binary multivariate Logistic regression, and the characteristics of MRC score and electromyogram were analyzed.Results:A total of 60 patients were enrolled in the analysis, including 17 patients in ICU-AW group and 43 patients in non-ICU-AW group. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) on the first day of ICU admission and the ratio of invasive mechanical ventilation between ICU-AW group and non-ICU-AW group [APACHEⅡ score: 21 (18, 25) vs. 18 (15, 22), SOFA score: 7 (5, 12) vs. 5 (3, 8), BNP (ng/L): 364.3 (210.1, 551.2) vs. 160.1 (66.8, 357.8), BUN (mmol/L): 9.9 (6.2, 17.0) vs. 6.0 (4.8, 9.8), invasive mechanical ventilation ratio: 88.2% vs. 46.5%, all P < 0.05]. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed no independent risk factor for ICU-AW. The average MRC score of 17 ICU-AW patients was 33±11. The limb weakness was symmetrical, and the proximal limb weakness was the main manifestation. Electromyography examination showed that the results of nerve conduction examination in ICU-AW patients mainly revealed that the amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP) were decreased, and the conduction velocity was slowed down; needle electromyography showed increased area of motor unit potential (MUP), prolonged time limit and a large number of spontaneous potentials. Prognosis evaluation showed that compared with non-ICU-AW group, patients in ICU-AW group underwent more tracheotomy (70.6% vs. 11.6%), longer length of ICU stay (days: 57±52 vs. 16±8), and more rehabilitation treatment (58.8% vs. 14.0%), and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.01). Conclusions:The occurrence of ICU-AW may be related to high APACHEⅡ score and SOFA score, high levels of BNP and BUN on the first day of ICU admission and the proportion of invasive mechanical ventilation, but the above factors are not independent risk factors for ICU-AW. The MRC score of ICU-AW patients was characterized by symmetrical limb weakness, mainly proximal limb weakness; in electromyography examination, the nerve conduction examination results mainly showed that CMAP and SNAP amplitude were decreased, and conduction velocity was slowed down; needle electromyography examination showed increased MUP area, prolonged duration and a large number of spontaneous potentials.

Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles that are secreted by a variety of cells in the body. They carry particular miRNA, protein molecules, transcription factors, and other information molecules, and they play a role in the pathophysiological regulation of a number of diseases in the body. Exosomes can persist steadily in biological tissues and bodily fluids. Exosomes have quickly advanced in ophthalmology in recent years due to the extensive studies of exosomes in a variety of fields, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, autoimmune uveitis, corneal disease, glaucoma, and other diseases. The number of people who are blind caused by diabetic retinopathy is rising as living standards rise. However, it is still unclear how diabetic retinopathy works. In recent years, many studies have found that exosomes play an important role in diabetic retinopathy. In this paper, the most recent developments in exosome studies as they relate to the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic retinopathy are reviewed.

Pulmonary fibrosis is caused by repeated damage to the pulmonary alveolar epithelium,leading to abnormal epithelial-mesenchymal transition and myofibroblast production,resulting in the accumulation of extra cellular matrix and remodeling of the interstitium.Analogous to many tumor cells,pulmonary fibrosis in-volves metabolic reprogramming,encompassing alterations in carbohydrate,lipid,and amino acid metabolism.Notably,this reprogramming is marked by enhanced glycolysis,diminished fatty acid oxidation paired with augmented synthesis,and increased degradation of glutamine.Glycolysis efficiently and rapidly fulfills the en-ergy requirements for the proliferation of macrophages and fibroblasts during fibrotic development.Additionally,the reprogramming of amino acid metabolism in activated fibroblasts not only facilitates collagen synthesis but also intensifies myofibroblast activation by generating reactive oxygen species(ROS)during the production of hydroxyproline.

Hearing impairment is one of the primary disabilities among children.Hearing aids and cochlear implants are currently the main auditory compensation methods.However,there are significant variations in inter-vention outcomes.With the advancement of auditory intervention techniques and the development of rehabilitative education,achieving comprehensive and precise optimization of rehabilitation outcomes has become a crucial goal in treating hearing impairments.Family support plays a vital role in the treatment,management,and overall health of family members with disabilities,making it an important influencing factor in the intervention effectiveness for chil-dren with hearing impairment.Current domestic and international researches have identified numerous family sup-port factors that influence the rehabilitation outcomes of children with hearing impairment.These factors include family socioeconomic status,level of involvement,language input situations,exposure to books,and others,for which various measurement scales have been developed.This paper provides an overview of the research progress re-lated to family support and children with hearing impairment.

Objective:To explore the application effect of quantitative evaluation nursing in Operating Room in patients undergoing radical resection of rectal cancer.Methods:A total of 114 patients who received radical resection of rectal cancer in Xi'an Daxing Hospital from December 2019 to December 2021 were selected by the convenient sampling method. According to the order of admission, they were divided into the observation group and the conventional group, with 57 cases in each group. The observation group received quantitative evaluation nursing in the Operating Room, while the conventional group received routine Operating Room nursing. The differences in physiological indexes and mood state scores were compared between the two groups.Results:The postoperative diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and heart rate in the observation group were lower than those in the conventional group ( P<0.05). The scores of depression-frustration, tension-anxiety, fatigue-dullness, anger-hostility and confusion-chaos dimensions of postoperative mood state in the observation group were lower than those in the conventional group, and the energy-vitality score was higher than that in the conventional group ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Quantitative evaluation nursing in the Operating Room can reduce the psychosomatic stress response in patients undergoing radical resection of rectal cancer.

OBJECTIVETo compare the expression of DKKL1 in ejaculated spermatozoa of normal fertile men and men with asthenospermia and investigate the role of DKKL1 in the pathogenesis of asthenospermia.

METHODSThe characteristics of semen samples collected from normal fertile men and men with asthenospermia were analyzed using computer-assisted sperm analysis according to WHO criteria. The ejaculated sperms were isolated by Percoll discontinuous density gradients to detect the expression of DKKL1 mRNA and protein using real-time PCR and Western blotting.

RESULTSThe expression of DKKL1 mRNA was significantly down-regulated by 11.1 times in asthenospermic men as compared with that in normal fertile men (P<0.01). Western blotting showed that the expression of DKKL1 protein was down-regulated by 2.4 times in asthenospermic men compared to normal fertile men.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of DKKL1, which may play an important role in sperm motility,is significantly decreased in ejaculated spermatozoa of men with asthenospermia.