The rapid development of artificial intelligence （AI） technology provides new opportunities for the modernisation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） diagnosis. By analysing the foundation， research progress and difficulties of the combination of AI and TCM diagnosis， it is concluded that AI has made remarkable development in intelligence-driven modernization of TCM tongue diagnosis， pulse diagnosis， listening and smelling diagnosis and text processing， and there are useful explorations in the field of constructing data-driven TCM diagnostic model and multidisciplinary integration of TCM diagnostic models. However， the current integration of AI technology in TCM diagnosis still faces many challenges， such as the scarcity and uneven quality of clinical data， the limited ability of AI algorithms to express TCM thinking model of syndrome differentiation and empirical knowledge， and the possible existence of ethical and privacy issues. By systematically sorting out the current research status and development direction of AI-empowered TCM diagnostics， it is proposed to promote the application of AI technology in TCM diagnostics in four aspects， namely， strengthening the construction of TCM big data and talent cultivation， encouraging cross-disciplinary cooperation， improving the legal and ethical framework， and promoting the popularity of the technology in primary care， so as to enhance the modernisation of TCM diagnostics.

Objective To establish a rapid immunological detection method for MPT64 protein based on red microspheres and select highly-sensitive and highly-specific antibody pairs.Methods A His-tagged prokaryotic expression vector was constructed for expression of MPT64 protein that was used to immunize New Zealand white rabbits after purification and validation.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were isolated from the rabbits,and antigen-specific B cells expressing antibodies were sorted using single B-cell flow cytometry.mRNA in B cells was reverse-transcribed into cDNA,and paired antibody heavy-and light-chain sequences were amplified via nested PCR.Expression vectors were constructed,and recombinant antibodies were produced in Expi293F cells.Fluorescent immunochromatography was employed to screen for matched antibody pairs.The selected antibodies were used to establish a rapid detection method based on red microsphere immunochromatography.Results Ten high-affinity monoclonal antibodies against MPT64 were generated.Two antibody pairs were selected for MPT64 immunodetection that reached a sensitivity of 0.0125 ng/mL.Conclusion High-affinity rabbit monoclonal antibodies against MPT64 are obtained via single B-cell technology,and a rapid red microspheres-based immunodetection method is established,enabling highly sensitive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MPT64 protein.

Agitation during the recovery period after general anesthesia is a common complication after pediatric surgery,which can lead to accidents and other serious complications.Esketamine is a high-affinity noncompetitive inhibitor of N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)receptors,which has both anesthetic and analgesic effects,and can be used as an adjunct drug to sedation for endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia and perioperative anesthesia.This article reviews the current research progress of esketamine in the treatment of agitation during recovery period in order to provide reference for clinical reduction of the occurrence of agita-tion in children during recovery period.

Objective To synthesize bovine serum albumin(BSA)-loaded liraqlutide(Lir)-nanoparticles coated with platelet membrane fragments(PMF)using a"bottom-up"nano-engineering chemistry technique,and to evaluate their cyto-compatibility and potential function of anti-oxidative stress.Methods PMF was extracted as reported previously.Lir@BSA nanoparticles were prepared by self-assembly method.PMF was coated on the sur-face of Lir@BSA nanoparticles by co-extrusion to prepare Lir@BSA-PMF.The physical and chemical properties of Lir@BSA-PMF particles were characterized as particle size,Zeta potential,transmission electron microscopy and particle size stability.The encapsulation efficiency,loading efficiency and cumulative release efficiency of liraglu-tide were calculated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Further,SDS-PAGE was used to analyze whether there was a similar membrane protein distribution of platelet membrane on Lir@BSA-PMF bionicnanocarrier.CCK-8 assay was used to verify the biocompatibility of the materials.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)experi-ment was used to explore the effect of Lir@BSA-PMF on cell oxidative damage.The uptake of cells on Lir@BSA-PMF bionic nano capsules was verified by cell phagocytosis experiment.Results Lir@BSA-PMF nanop-articles had a stable particle size of 25 nm with a spherical morphology,and a Zeta potential value of-25.5 mV.The encapsulation efficiency,loading efficiency and cumulative release efficiency of liraglutide were 85.56％,7.96％and 77.06％,respectively.SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the Lir@BSA-PMF bio-mimetic nano capsules retained the similar membrane protein distribution as platelet membrane.CCK-8 assay verified that the nanomaterials were non-cytotoxic.ROS results showed that Lir@BSA-PMF nanomaterials had obvious antioxidant properties.The results of cell phagocytosis showed that the cells had a good phagocytosis effect on Lir@BSA-PMF nanoparticles.Conclusions The nanoparticles Lir@BSA-PMF are successfully syn-thesized and have no effects on cells viability in vitro.The particles are taken up by cells and show a significant function of antioxidant damage.

Microneedles (MNs) serve as a revolutionary paradigm in transdermal drug delivery, heralding a viable resolution to the formidable barriers presented by the cutaneous interface. This review examines MNs as an advanced approach to enhancing dermatological pathology management. It explores the complex dermis structure and highlights the limitations of traditional transdermal methods, emphasizing MNs' advantage in bypassing the stratum corneum to deliver drugs directly to the subdermal matrix. The discourse outlines the diverse typologies of MNs, including solid, coated, hollow, hydrogel, and dissolvable versions. Each type is characterized by its unique applications and benefits. The treatise details the deployment of MNs in the alleviation of cutaneous cancers, the administration of inflammatory dermatoses such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, and their utility in wound management. Additionally, the paper contemplates the prospects of MNs within the realm of aesthetic dermatology and the burgeoning market traction of cosmetic MN formulations. The review summarizes the scientific and commercial challenges to the clinical adoption of MN therapeutics, including dosage calibration, pharmacodynamics, biocompatibility, patient compliance, sterilization, mass production, and regulatory oversight. It emphasizes the need for ongoing research, innovation, and regulatory harmonization to overcome these obstacles and fully realize MNs' potential in treating skin diseases and improving patient welfare.

Objective To explore the grading of acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI)events in patients with different severities of acute ischemic stroke(AIS)and correlation of short-term prognosis.Methods AIS patients admitted from the Advanced Stroke Center of the Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to November 2023 were retrospectively selected,and depending on the degree of nerve function defect(NIHSS)scores.AIS patients were divided into two groups:NIHSS ≤ 14 group and NIHSS＞14 group.The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score,general baseline data,clinical test indicators,AGI event classification and short-term prognosis were collected at admission.Results A total of 270 patients were included,with an average age of(64.95±13.65)years,70.0％males and 30.0％females.The proportion of AIS patients with AGI incident accounted for 66.30％.AIS patients after AGI incidents,90 days after the onset of the modified Rankin rating scale(mRS)score＞2 points of 83 people,accounting for 30.7％;The poor clinical outcomes of 270 AIS patients with different AGI event grades were significantly different(P＜0.05),among which AGI grade 0 and AGI grade Ⅰ were significantly different from AGI grade Ⅲ and AGI grade Ⅳ,respectively.The incidence of poor prognosis of AGI grade Ⅲ and AGI grade Ⅳ is significantly higher than that of AGI grade 0 and AGI grade Ⅰ.In AIS patients with NIHSS＞14 group,there were significant differences in the adverse clinical outcomes between AGI grade 0,AGI grade Ⅰ and AGI grade Ⅲ(P＜0.05),and the incidence of poor prognosis of AGI grade Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of AGI grade 0 and AGI grade Ⅰ.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NIHSS score was an independent risk factor for AGI events in AIS patients(P＜0.05).The higher the NIHSS score,the higher the risk of AGI events in AIS patients.And age,NIHSS score,systolic blood pressure is 90 days after AGI events affect AIS patients independent risk factors of poor prognosis(P＜0.05),the higher the age,the greater the NIHSS score,the higher systolic blood pressure of patients with AIS 90 days after AGI events are at higher risk of poor prognosis.Conclusion AGI event grading in patients with AIS of different severity is associated with short-term prognosis.

Objective To explore the grading of acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI)events in patients with different severities of acute ischemic stroke(AIS)and correlation of short-term prognosis.Methods AIS patients admitted from the Advanced Stroke Center of the Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to November 2023 were retrospectively selected,and depending on the degree of nerve function defect(NIHSS)scores.AIS patients were divided into two groups:NIHSS ≤ 14 group and NIHSS＞14 group.The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score,general baseline data,clinical test indicators,AGI event classification and short-term prognosis were collected at admission.Results A total of 270 patients were included,with an average age of(64.95±13.65)years,70.0％males and 30.0％females.The proportion of AIS patients with AGI incident accounted for 66.30％.AIS patients after AGI incidents,90 days after the onset of the modified Rankin rating scale(mRS)score＞2 points of 83 people,accounting for 30.7％;The poor clinical outcomes of 270 AIS patients with different AGI event grades were significantly different(P＜0.05),among which AGI grade 0 and AGI grade Ⅰ were significantly different from AGI grade Ⅲ and AGI grade Ⅳ,respectively.The incidence of poor prognosis of AGI grade Ⅲ and AGI grade Ⅳ is significantly higher than that of AGI grade 0 and AGI grade Ⅰ.In AIS patients with NIHSS＞14 group,there were significant differences in the adverse clinical outcomes between AGI grade 0,AGI grade Ⅰ and AGI grade Ⅲ(P＜0.05),and the incidence of poor prognosis of AGI grade Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of AGI grade 0 and AGI grade Ⅰ.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NIHSS score was an independent risk factor for AGI events in AIS patients(P＜0.05).The higher the NIHSS score,the higher the risk of AGI events in AIS patients.And age,NIHSS score,systolic blood pressure is 90 days after AGI events affect AIS patients independent risk factors of poor prognosis(P＜0.05),the higher the age,the greater the NIHSS score,the higher systolic blood pressure of patients with AIS 90 days after AGI events are at higher risk of poor prognosis.Conclusion AGI event grading in patients with AIS of different severity is associated with short-term prognosis.

The abuse of antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs has led to a significant increase in the prevalence of bacterial drug resistance. The advent of nanotechnology offers a promising way to address this challenge. Metal nanomaterials have emerged as a prominent class of antimicrobial agents, offering a number of advantages, including ease of preparation, high stability, potent efficacy against drug-resistant bacteria, and low toxicity. In this review, the antibacterial mechanisms of metal nanomaterials and the current research progress of gold, silver, copper, iron, platinum, palladium, and gallium nanomaterials and their application in the field of antibacterial were summarized with the aim of providing reference for the antibacterial use of metal nanomaterials.

Diseases caused by microbial infections, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, are increasing every year. Currently, antibiotics are the primary treatment method for bacterial infections. However, over use of antibiotics can easily lead to bacterial resistance. Due to the broad-spectrum antibacterial properties of copper nanomaterials, they exhibit excellent antibacterial activity against both gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria. In this review, the preparation methods of copper nanomaterials were summarized, the antibacterial and antiviral effects of copper nanomaterials, and their applications in the fields of antibacterial and antiviral were discussed. Finally, the problems of copper nanomaterials in terms of toxicity and stability were summarized, and their future applications in the fields of antibacterial and antiviral were prospected.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of dihydroartemisinin(DHA)on lipo-polysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute lung injury(ALI)in mice using whole-genome sequencing.METHODS An ALI mouse model was established via intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg·kg-1 lipopolysaccharide.The mice were divided into normal control group(n=10),model group(n=10)and model+DHA group(n=10).The mice in the model+DHA group were injected intraperitoneally with 20 mg·kg-1 DHA,while those in the normal control group and LPS group were injected intraperitoneally with solvent of DHA,saline containing 1%Tween 80 and 10%Macrogol 400.The mice were executed 24 h after drug administration.The wet and dry weight ratio(W/D)of lung tissue was calculated.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe histopathological damage in the lung.Classified counts of inflamma-tory cells in alveolar lavage fluid were performed.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in alveolar lavage fluid.Real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)was used to detect mRNA levels of placenta-specific 8(Plac8),Toll-like receptor 7(TLR7),IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-αin lung tissue.The whole gene transcriptome was sequenced by RNA transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)using the Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform before the function and signal pathway of differentially expressed gene mRNA between the groups were enriched and analyzed using GO and KEGG enrichment analysis methods.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the lung W/D values of mice,the pathological damage,inflammatory cells in alveolar lavage fluid,expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in alveolar lavage fluid(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01),and the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly reduced in lung tissues in the model+DHA group(P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05).Whole gene transcriptome sequencing revealed that immune-related Plac8 and TLR7 genes were significantly upregu-lated(P<0.01)in mouse lung tissue of the model group but significantly downregulated(P<0.05)in mouse lung tissue of the model+DHA group.The results of RT-qPCR of Plac8 and TLR7 verified the results of whole gene transcriptome sequencing.GO and KEGG analysis showed that Plac8 and TLR7 were mainly related to the regulation of cytokine production,T/B cell activation and signal transduction,chemo-kine signal transduction and NF-κB signal transduction.CONCLUSION DHA might reduce LPS-induced lung damage and ameliorate the inflammatory condition in lungs of ALI mice.The mechanism of action may be that DHA negatively regulates the signaling pathways involved in TLR7 and Plac8 by decreasing the expressions of TLR7 and Plac8 mRNA before regulating a series of immune responses such as secretion of inflammation-related cytokines and activation of immune cells,thereby reducing inflam-matory damage in lungs.