Objective To investigate the method of esophageal protection and nursing of pa-tients during peri-ablation of atrial fibrillation. Methods 31 patients hospitalized from June to July,2007 underwent radiofrequeney ablation under the mapping of Carto system, who were treated with liq-uid diet, anti-acid drugs and lowering energy ablation in posterior wall of left atrium for the aim of esophageal protection. Results The success rate of ablation was 100% with no occurrence of atrial-esophgeal fistula and uneomfort of digestive tract. Conclusions Careful esophageal protection and nursing plays an important role in prevention of atrial-esophgeal fistula.