Objective To characterize the properties of human immunodeficiency virus-1-(HIV-1)specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)responses,and to analyze the factors which may affect CTL responses before and after treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)in children with chronic HIV-1 infection.Methods A total of 24 HIV-1-infected children were studied.Circulating CD4 T cell counts and HIV-1 RNA levels were routinely measured.Peripheral HIV-1-specific CTL frequency and the specific interferon-?-producing lymphocytes were determined by tetramer staining and enzyme-linked immunospot(ELISPOT)assay,respectively.Results It was found that HIV-1-specific CTL responses could be detected in vitro in more than 80% of Chinese children with HIV-1 infection.Circulating CTL frequency and IFN-?-producing lymphocyte counts were significantly reduced in HAART suppressed HIV-1 infected children in comparison with HAART failure children and HAART na?ve children.The duration of virus suppression after HAART was found to be inversely correlated with CTL frequency.Conclusion HIV-1-specific CTL response to virus was warranted by antigenic stimulation.The present work may elucidate the immune mechanisms influencing the outcome of HIV-1 carriers with treatment of HAART.

Objective To investigate the effect of Danhong injection combined with edaravone in the treatment of patients with acute cerebral infarction,and its influence on cytokines,cerebral hemodynamics and vascular endothelial function.Methods From March 2018 to March 2019,142 patients with acute cerebral infarction treated in the People's Hospital of Yuhuan were randomly divided into treatment group and control group according to the digital table,with 71 cases in each group.The treatment group was treated with Danhong injection combined with edaravone,while the control group was only treated with edaravone.Both two groups were treated for 2 weeks.The therapeutic effects,changes of cytokines,cerebral hemodynamics,vascular endothelial function,activity of daily living index(Barthel index) and neurological deficit score(NIHSS score) before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 90.14％ (64/71),which was higher than 74.65％ (53/71) of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =5.874,P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the serum levels of CRP [(5.43 ± 1.20) mg/L] and IL-6 [(32.15 ± 7.39) ng/L] in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group [(9.38 ± 1.74) mg/L and (67.43 ± 10.29) ng/L] (t =15.747,23.465,all P ＜0.05).After treatment,the Vp [(69.83 ± 3.24) v ·-1 · s-1] and Vm [(35.24 ± 2.10) v ·-1 · s-1] in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group [(63.81 ± 2.68) v ·-1 · s-1 and (32.18 ± 1.73) v ·-1s-1],while the PI in the treatment group [(0.72 ± 0.04)] was lower than that in the control group [(0.83 ±0.07)],the differences were statistically significant (t =12.064,9.477,11.497,all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the serum level of ET-1 [(60.17 ± 5.46) mg/L] in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group[(73.21 ±6.78)mg/L],while the NO level in the treatment group[(72.15 ±7.39) ng/L] was higher than that in the control group [(61.43 ± 10.29) ng/L],the differences were statistically significant (t =12.622,7.130,all P ＜0.05).After treatment,the Barthel index score of the treatment group [(68.93 ± 7.83) points] was higher than that of the control group [(54.57 ± 7.38)points],while the NIHSS score of the treatment group [(9.34 ± 1.97)points] was lower than that of the control group [(14.54 ± 2.89) points],the differences were statistically significant (t =11.246,12.528,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Danhong injection combined with edaravone in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction is effective,which can alleviate inflammation and improve cerebral hemodynamics and vascular endothelial dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of water extract of red ginseng on asthmatic mice with airway inflammation.Methods Totally 75 BALB/c mice were selected,they were divided into normal group (Physiological saline equivalent),model control group (Physiological saline equivalent),low dose group (Water extract of red ginseng,100mg/kg),high dose group (Water extract of red ginseng,100mg/kg) and positive control group (Dexamethasone,0.5mg/kg) by random number table method.There were 15 mice in each group.In addition to the normal group,all the other groups successfully produced the asthmatic airway inflammation model in mice,and the corresponding treatment measures were given.Comparison of mice after the last challenge 24h in bronchoalveolar layage fluid (BALF) of various inflammatory cytokines and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE),Hydroxyproline content in lung tissue and pathological changes were observed in lung tissue of rats with HE.Results The model control group BALF interleukin interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-5 (IL-5),interleukin-14 (IL-14),transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β1),Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),serum immunoglobulin E (IgE),hydroxyproline content in lung tissue were higher than the normal group (P ＜ 0.01).The levels of IL-4,IL-5,IL-14,TGF-β1,VEGF,IgE and Hydroxyproline content in lung tissue in the low dose group,the high dose group and the positive control group were lower than that in the model control group (P ＜ 0.01) in BALF.The levels of IL-4,IL-5,IL-14,TGF-β1,VEGF,IgE and hydroxyproline content in lung tissue in the high dose group of BALF were lower than those in the low dose group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The water extract of red ginseng can achieve the therapeutic effect by reducing the airway inflammatory reaction of the asthmatic mice model.

Objective To study the clinical features and differential diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).Methods A case of LCH was reported and the literatures were reviewed.Results The of multisystem LCH patient,presented with a diabetes insipidus (DI) and panhypopituitarism,was 44 years old,and developed costal,tibial and femoral multiple lesions.The final diagnosis as LCH was made based on biopsy of tibia and lymph nodes.The biopsy specimen showed that the cells were infiltrated exhibiting the characteristic morphologic features of Langerhans cell (LC) with a convoluted shape,elongated nuclei exhibiting longitudinal grooves,and immunohistochemistry results revealed positive LC for the S-100,CD1a and Langerin immunostaining.Conclusions LCH may range from a solitary lytic bone lesion (for example eosinophilic granuloma) with a favorable course to a fatal disseminated leukaemia-like form.LCH typically involves the bone,lesions almost can be found in all organs.DI and CNS involvement often present as a puzzling syndrome,which renders the diagnosis problematicly,and often delays the diagnosis of LCH.The damage to the pituitary/hypothalamus axis results in life-long hormonal replacement therapy.

OBJECTIVETo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of diammonium glycyrrhizinate enteric-coated capsules versus diammonium glycyrrihizinate in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.

METHODSThe Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM on CD-ROM) and the China Academic Journals Full-Text Database (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, CNKI) were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the efficacy and safety of diammonium glycyrrhizinate entetic-coated capsules versus diammonium glycyrrihizinate in treatment (less than 2 months) of chronic viral hepatitis published between 2005 and 2012. A meta-analysis was performed on the selected RCTs to determine the effects on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, serum levels of ALT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil) and albumin, as well as rates of adverse reactions.

RESULTSNine RCTs, involving 687 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to the patients treated with diammonium glycyrrihizinate, the patient treated with diammonium glycyrrhizinate enteric-coated capsules had a significantly better recovery rate of ALT (relative risk (RR) =4.15, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.55 to 11.15, P less than 0.01) and significantly more robust decreases in ALT (weighted mean difference (WMD) = -32.75, 95% CI:-46.67 to-18.83, P less than 0.01) and AST (WMD = -12.70, 95% CI:-21.13 to-4.27, P less than 0.01). In contrast, the patients treated with diammonium glycyrrihizinate showed more robust improvements in the TBil level (WMD = -0.74, 95% CI:3.98 to 2.49, P =0.653) and albumin (WMD =1.03, 95% CI:-1.03 to 3.09, P =0.326), but the differences did not reach the threshold for statistical significance (P less than 0.05). Only four adverse reactions were reported, all of which were related to the lipid complex nature of the diammonium glycyrrhizin enteric-coated capsules and were mild, including dry mouth, dizziness and mild gastrointestinal discomfort and reactions.

CONCLUSIONDiammonium glycyrrhizinate enteric-coated capsules elicited superior anti-inflammatory and liver protection effects than diammonium glycyrrihizinate, and produced only mild side effects that are tolerable to the patients.

Capsules ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Objective To explore the expressions of miR-221 and miR-222 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC),and relativi-ties with clinical pathological features.Methods Samples from patients of PCT (43 cases),nodular golter(21 cases),and para-carcinoma thyroid tissues(14 cases),78 cases in total (from 06/2015 to 05/2016,Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital) were collected.Real time-PCR tests were carried out,then analyzed in relation to clinical pathology features,and statistical a-nalysis was used to evaluate the results.Results The expressions of miR-221 and miR-222 were significantly higher in PTC (11.54±3.37,10.67±2.45)than in nodular golter (3.21±1.12,2.89±1.23)and normal thyroid tissue (2.02±0.76, 1.98±0.34)(t=3.62,3.25;3.27,3.01,all P<0.05),which were significantly related with Regional lymph node metasta-sis,tumor invasion coated,distant metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.05),while not related with the gender,age,or size of the tumor of the patients (P>0.05),and no differences were found in nodular golter and in normal thyroid tissue (t=0.91, 0.79,P>0.05).Conclusion miR-221 and miR-222 could be considered as a specific molecular marker of PTC,may play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment on PTC.

Objective To explore the effect of interaction model of client health behavior (IMCHB) on self-management ability and quality of life in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods A total of 84 UC patients hospitalized from June 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled by convenience sampling method. They were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 42 cases in each group. Based on routine drug treatment, the control group received routine nursing intervention, while the observation group applied IMCHB to guide nursing intervention. Before intervention and 3 months after the intervention, the patients' self-management ability was assessed with the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Self-efficacy Scale (IBD-SES) and self-designed Self-Management Behavior Questionnaire, and the patients' quality of life was assessed with the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ). Results At the end, 40 cases in the observation group and 41 cases in the control group were included in the study. There was no statistically significant difference in IBD-SES and IBDQ scores between the two groups before intervention (P＞ 0.05). After intervention, the scores of "stress and emotional management" in IBD-SES scale and "maintenance management in remission period" in observation group were (78.83±10.37), (46.83±3.58) respectively, higher than those in control group [(70.27±10.82), (44.27±3.61)], the scores of systemic symptoms and emotional ability in observation group were (20.25 ±2.68), (60.65±4.24) respectively, higher than those in control group [(18.32±3.01) and (58.37±4.82)]and the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05). After intervention, the qualified rates of dietary records and exercise records in the observation group were 80.00%(32/40) and 85.00%(34/40), respectively, which were higher than those in the control group [51.22%(31/40) and 60.98%(25/40)] with statistical significance (P＜0.05). Conclusions IMCHB can promote the self-management ability and quality of life of UC patients.

Objective:To investigate the effect of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) overexpression on the ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its therapeutic effect on rats with phosgene induced acute lung injury.Methods:HSP60 was transfected into MSCs by adenovirus. Western blot was used to measure the expressions of HSP60 before and after transfection. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the activity of MSCs, flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic ability of MSCs, and Transwell assay was used to observe the migration ability of MSCs. Sixty SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, phosgene exposure group (inhalation of phosgene for 5 min) , MSCs group (phosgene exposure, MSCs treatment group) and transfected MSCs group (phosgene exposure, overexpression of HSP60 MSCs treatment group) . The pathological changes of lung were observed by lung pathological section, lung wet dry ratio, the degree of pulmonary edema, the total cell count and total protein content of alveolar lavage fluid, the inflammatory changes of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in BALF and serum were observed. The data were analyzed by Graphpad Prism 8.0 software. Paired comparisons were performed by non paired t-test. One way ANOVA was used for comparison between groups. Results:The proliferation ability of MSCs transfected with HSP60[ A= (0.69±0.05) ] was significantly higher than that of MSCs not transfected with HSP60[ A= (0.27±0.02) ] ( P<0.05) . Compared with the phosgene exposure group, the pulmonary edema and inflammatory factor infiltration of MSCs group and MSCs transfected group were reduced. However, compared with MSCs group, the degree of pulmonary edema in MSCs transfected group was significantly improved, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased, and the total protein content and total cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were less ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:MSCs transfected with HSP60 can enhance the ability of proliferation, anti apoptosis, migration and the curative effect in rats with phosgene induced acute lung injury.

Objective:To find the biomarkers that accurately predict the survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods:The immune related genes that were significantly related to the overall survival (OS) of patients with ESCC were screened from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to construct a prognostic risk score model. The prognoses of the high-risk and low-risk groups were compared by Kaplan-Meier method. The accuracy of the model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Tumor tissue samples of 83 patients with pathological diagnosis of ESCC were collected from Anyang Cancer Hospital for external verification. Cox regression analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the effects of prognostic risk score and various clinical characteristics on OS of patients with ESCC.Results:Seven immune-related genes that were significantly related to survival prognosis were selected from the TCGA database and included in the prognostic risk score model, which were S100A12, SLC40A1, FABP9, TNFSF10, IGHA2, IL1F10, and STC2. The 1- and 2-year survival rates of the low-risk group (40 cases) were 94.3% and 82.5%, respectively, while those of the high-risk group (40 cases) were 75.9% and 32.9%, respectively.The prognosis of the high-risk group was worse than that of the low-risk group ( P<0.001). The 83 external validation samples obtained consistent results by using the prognostic risk score model. The prognostic risk score was positively correlated with the content of CD4 + T lymphocytes in ESCC ( rs=0.259, P=0.020), but not correlated with the content of B lymphocytes, CD8 + T lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages or dendritic cells ( P>0.05). Conclusions:S100A12, SLC40A1, FABP9, TNFSF10, IGHA2, IL1F10, and STC2 were risk genes significantly associated with OS of patients with ESCC. The prognostic risk score was an independent prognostic factor for the OS of patients with ESCC, and it was correlated with the content of CD4 + T lymphocytes in ESCC tissue.

Objective:To investigate the effect of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) overexpression on the ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its therapeutic effect on rats with phosgene induced acute lung injury.Methods:HSP60 was transfected into MSCs by adenovirus. Western blot was used to measure the expressions of HSP60 before and after transfection. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the activity of MSCs, flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic ability of MSCs, and Transwell assay was used to observe the migration ability of MSCs. Sixty SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, phosgene exposure group (inhalation of phosgene for 5 min) , MSCs group (phosgene exposure, MSCs treatment group) and transfected MSCs group (phosgene exposure, overexpression of HSP60 MSCs treatment group) . The pathological changes of lung were observed by lung pathological section, lung wet dry ratio, the degree of pulmonary edema, the total cell count and total protein content of alveolar lavage fluid, the inflammatory changes of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in BALF and serum were observed. The data were analyzed by Graphpad Prism 8.0 software. Paired comparisons were performed by non paired t-test. One way ANOVA was used for comparison between groups. Results:The proliferation ability of MSCs transfected with HSP60[ A= (0.69±0.05) ] was significantly higher than that of MSCs not transfected with HSP60[ A= (0.27±0.02) ] ( P<0.05) . Compared with the phosgene exposure group, the pulmonary edema and inflammatory factor infiltration of MSCs group and MSCs transfected group were reduced. However, compared with MSCs group, the degree of pulmonary edema in MSCs transfected group was significantly improved, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased, and the total protein content and total cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were less ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:MSCs transfected with HSP60 can enhance the ability of proliferation, anti apoptosis, migration and the curative effect in rats with phosgene induced acute lung injury.