Objective To compare the effort intensities in comprehensive quality development of military medical undergraduates of different sorts and to discuss its improvement.Methods Comprehensive quality of undergraduates of 2010 grade (630 persons including 16 cadres) was assessed by comprehensive quality assessment index system.Based on data envelopment analysis,ratio of actual output (comprehensive quality development) against ideal value was taken as progress effectiveness to reflect the comprehensive development.SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical processing and analysis.Score of each quality was analyzed and nondimensionalize was performed.Undergraduates' progress effectiveness was compared using analysis of variance.Results In September 2011,progress effectiveness of undergraduates without military status was higher than that of soldiers in comprehensive quality,ideology and morality,science,culture,profession,psychological quality and basic ability (F =34.659,49.234,119.273,12.641,103.814,65.105,P ＜ 0.001).Progress effectiveness in the former was higher than that of the latter in physical fitness.(F =7.363,P ＜ 0.01).In March 2012,progress effectiveness of undergraduates without military status was higher than that of soldiers in comprehensive quality,ideology and morality,science,culture,profession,psychological quality,basic ability and physical fitness (F =28.017,10.847,33.559,24.630,48.767,10.460,38.251,P ＜0.01).Conclusions Comprehensive quality development of undergraduates is a continuous dynamic course.One year's observation shows that at early stage,all qualities of undergraduates without military status improve quickly except physical fitness with more subjective efforts.The two sorts of undergraduates belong to forward effect.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics as well as the surgical treatment of perforated gastric carcinoma (PGC). Methods The clinical and pathological data, surgical treatment and survival time of 48 patients with PGC were retrospectively analyzed. Results The mean age was 58 years in the 48 patients with PGC. There were 3 tumors in stage I, 11 in stage II, 21 in stage III , and 13 in stage IV. Emergency gastrectomy was done in 29 patients, with the mortality was 6.9%. Six patients underwent local repair at first, gastrectomy was done 3 weeks later without postoperative death. Perforation repair with or without gastroenterostomy was performed in 13 patients, with the mortality was 23.1% .The median survival time in gastrectomy group was 28 months (ranged 13 to 72 months) and in repair group was 7 months (ranged 3 to 10 months). Conclusions Emergency gastrectomy is the choice of treatment for PGC. If the conditions is not suitable for emergent gastrectomy ,staging operation should be adoptted to reduce operative mortality.

Generally,pencil beam kernels for photon beam calculation are obtained through Monte Carlo calculations.In this paper,a pencil beam model is set up with a method of deconvolution from measured broad beam profiles.These profiles are usually available in a radiotherapy planning system.Furthermore,this method is applied to computing dose distributions at different sizes.Comparisons with measurements show that the accuracy of the calculated dose distributions fits well in a1%error interval in high dose gradient regions.

Objective To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of Ginger extraction on heart failure in rabbits.Methods Twenty-seven New Zealand pure-breed rabbits were randomized into 3 groups:group A,group B and group C.Group A was orally administrated with 2 %Ginger extraction 3 days before and after modeling;group B was orally administrated with purified water 3 days before modeling and with 2 %Ginger extraction after modeling;group C was orally administrated with purified water 3 days before and after the establishment.The differences of modeling time and dosage of pentobarbital sodium between groups were compared;hemodynamics parameters before and after administration were detected.Results (1)The modeling time and dosage of Pentobarbital Sodium were remarkably increased in group A,differences being significant compared other 2 groups(P

Objective To investigate the effects of Rhizoma Zingiberis Extract (RZE) on the cardiac functions of rabbits with heart failure. Methods Forty pure-bred New-Zealand rabbits were randomly allocated to 4 groups: control group, low-dosage RZE group, moderate-dosage RZE group and high-dosage RZE group. The rabbit model of heart failure was established by intravenous dripping of 20 g/L pentobarbital sodium. Oral tube perfusion of RZE was given after model establishment.The hemodynamic changes were observed before and after the modeling and 5,10,15,20,30,45,60,90,120,150 minutes after treatment by a RM-6000 4-graph physiological monitor. Results After treatment, LVSP, lv?dp/dtmax,lv +dp/dtmax,lv-dp/dtmax showed an ascending tend in all the groups, particularly in RZE groups; the differences between the control group and RZE groups were significant 30 minutes after treatment (P

As an advanced conformal therapy, Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) can increase the gain ratio of radiotherapy and improve the local control of the tumor. This paper applies genetic algorithm to optimization of IMRT inverse planning. The algorithm model and simulation result are introduced.

AIM: To investigate the association of osteoprotegerin ( OPG) gene single nucleotide polymor-phisms (SNPs), 163A/G (rs3102735) and 245T/G (rs3134069), with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Chinese Han population .METHODS:A total of 205 patients with RA and 171 healthy control subjects were enrolled into this study.Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism and subsequently confirmed by DNA sequencing .Odds ratio ( OR) and 95%confidence intervals ( CI) were calculated for the risk genotypes and alleles .RESULTS: OPG gene polymorphisms 163A/G and 245T/G were conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium .The statistical differences in the genotypes of AA , AG and GG at 163A/G locus were found in RA and controls.The G allele was associated with an increased risk of RA , with OR of 1.219 (95%CI:1.066~2.339).No significant difference was observed between RA group and control group with respect to genotypic and allelic frequencies of OPG gene 245T/G (P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The OPG gene 163A/G SNP may be associated with RA susceptibility , and G allele may be the risk factor for developing RA .

This article summarized the technique research and application status of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), in order to explore hypoxia,qi-deficiency and their connections with typical symptoms. It also discussed NIRS acquired oxygen saturation (SaO2) and its relevant means and methods for information quantification ofqi-deficiency. The accurate obtained SaO2 value was applied in the association with the strength of chest distress in the subjective sensation due toqi-deficiency. According to current data, the normal value,qi-deficiency degree and uncomfortable degree of subjective sensation among patients of different altitudes and ages were summarized. It can be applied to assist TCM physicians in the quick quantification of qi-deficiency.

Objective To explore the repair method for refractory diabetic wound. Methods A total of 206 patients with refractory diabetic foot ulcers were treated with proper surgical treatments.Results Of all, 106 patients were treated by skin flap (51.5 % ), with one stage wound healing rate of 85.8%; 122 patients were repaired with split-thickness skin graft ( 59.2% ), with survival rate of the graft for 79.5%. Simple toe amputation was made in 34 patients (46 toes). The high level amputation was performed in 56 patients (27.2%). Of all, 132 patients were followed up for 6-18 months, which showed that ulcer recurred in 12 patients (9.1%). Conclusion Timely and effective treatment as well as flap and skin graft repair could reduce high level amputation rate of diabetic foot ulcer and promote the quality of life.

Objective:To evaluate the usefulness of fast FLAIR pulse sequence in the MRI of intraspinal canal disease.Methods:Forty-four patients with suspected intraspinal canal disease were imaged with fast FLAIR pulse sequence after routine T1 and T2 weighted imaging in a 0.5 T superconducting MR scaner.The parameters of FLAIR were TR/TI/TE=6000/1500～2000/90～120 ms.Results:There were 26 intraspinal extramedullary tumors,4 intramedullary tumors,11 myelitis,3 localized ischemic necrosis or malacia of spinal cord.The images of FLAIR pulse sequence clearly detected all lesions of the 44 cases.They were superior to routine T2 weighted images in demonstrating the extent of the lesions and their T2 signal character,expecially in inflammatory disease of spinal cord.Conclusion:FLARI is a very useful pulse sequence in the MRI of intraspinal canal disease,it may be use as an important supplement of routine T2 weighted sequence.