Objective To investigate the genetic diversity of Chrysanthemum morifolium and provide the evidence for evaluation and exploitation of C.morifolium germplasm.Methods The genetic diversities of 31 germplasm from different habitats were investigated with the technique of inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR),which were 29 of C.morifolium,1 of C.indicum,and 1 of C.nankingense.Results Twenty-two primers were selected to produce highly reproducible ISSR bands.Among 182 amplified bands,149 showed polymorphism,the percentage of polymorphic bands(PPB) reached to 81.87%. Observed effective number of alleles(Ne),Nei's gene diversity index(He),and Shannon information index (Ⅰ) were 1.348 1,0.219 1,and 0.345 1,respectively.Conclusion ISSR Method is suitable for identification and genetic diversity analysis of C.morifolium.

Objective To establish and optimize ISSR-PCR systems of Chrysanthemum morifolium and lay the foundation for its genetic diversity research. Methods Based on the analysis of variance, an orthogonal design was used to optimize the ISSR-PCR amplification system on C. morifolium by four factors (Taq polymerase, Mg2+, dNTP, and primer) at three concentration levels, respectively. Results A suitable ISSR reaction system was constructed with the 20 ?L reaction system containing 1.00 U Taq polymerase, 2.00 mmol/L Mg2+, 0.20 mmol/L dNTP, and 0.50 ?mol/L primer. Conclusion ISSR-PCR is significantly influenced by the concentration of Taq polymerase, Mg2+, and dNTP. This ISSR-PCR system could provide clear bands, reliable reaction system, and abundant polymorphisms . It is proved to be suitable for the study of the genetic diversity of C. morifolium

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of waterlogging stress on medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium during the seedling stage and build a reliable evaluation of flooding tolerance indicator system.

METHODThe three cultivars: C. morifolium cv. Hongxinju, C. morifolium cv. Xiaobaiju and C. morifolium cv. Changbanju were studied for the and the effect of waterlogging stress on their physiological and biochemical chracteristics.

RESULTWith the extension of waterlogging, the content of chlorophyll and relative leaf water potential were decreased, meanwhile malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and soluble sugar were increased. The catalase (CAT) of C. morifolium cv. Hongxinju rose at first and then dropped and CAT of C. morifolium cv. Xiaobailu and C. morifolium cv. Changbanju declined at first before decreased, and then dropped again. The peroxidase (POD) rose firstly before decrease and then increases again. After the waterlogging treatments which last for 4 days, the physiology and biochemistry characteristics can not restore to the comparison (CK) within 3 days.

CONCLUSIONFour days waterlogging treatment had made serious damage on medicinal Chrysanthemum. Among three cultivars, C. morifolium Ramat. cv. Hongxinju showed the highest tolerance ability, while C. morifolium cv. Changbanju was the lowest, and C. morifolium cv. Xiaobaiu was in the middle. The malonaldehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) could be the main physiological and biochemical indexes to reflect the tolerance ability against waterlogging.

Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Carbohydrates ; analysis ; Catalase ; analysis ; metabolism ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; enzymology ; physiology ; Dehydration ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; metabolism ; Peroxidase ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Proteins ; analysis ; metabolism ; Seedlings ; chemistry ; enzymology ; physiology ; Water ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the character of inorganic elements in Flos Chrysanthemi indici and look for relationship between the element concentration and regions.

METHODThe contents of elements, including borum (B), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium(Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr), cesium (Se), barium(Ba) and lead(Pb) in Chinese traditional herb Flos Chrysanthemi indici from different regions were determined by ICP-AES. The element distrubution diagram were plotted. The principal component analysis and correlation analysis of SPSS were applied for the study of characteristic elements.

RESULTSimilar curves of element concentration have been acquired. It is observed that the content of elements in the samples shows regional diversity. There are 15 correlative element pairs in correlation analysis. Four principal components which accounted for over 84.437% of the total variance were extracted from the original data. The first and second factors accounted for 60.090% of the total variance, which means that P, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Sr, B, Na and Se may be the characteristic elements.

CONCLUSIONThe showed that element content in Flos Chrysanthemi Indici display special distributing diagram. Remarkable correlation is presented in some element pairs. The elements contents of Flos Chrysanthemi indici gained from Yunan, Hunan are higher than those from other regions.

China ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Principal Component Analysis ; Trace Elements ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo achieve the rapid identification for seedlings of medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium, the discriminant equation was established and the software for rapid identification was designed.

METHODLeaf structure of medicinal Chrysanthemum of 12 cultivars was analyzed to establish the discriminant equation based on variance analysis and discriminant analysis. On this basis, the identification program and software (based on the python language) were designed.

RESULTThrough the analysis of variance and multiple comparisons for the 11 leaf parameter index data of 12 different cultivars, it was found that that the leaf parameters were significant different from each other and reached significant levels. The discriminant equation and the rapid identification software were set up based on the analysis of various indicators.

CONCLUSIONThe rapid identification system of seedlings of medicinal Chrysanthemum could be achieved through the establishment of discriminant equation combined with computer technology.

Analysis of Variance ; Chrysanthemum ; anatomy & histology ; classification ; Discriminant Analysis ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; classification ; Seedlings ; anatomy & histology ; classification

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Chrysanthemum morifolium based on functional diversity in soil microbial community with different cropping system and fertilization and offer scientific basis for the establishment of the reasonable planting patterns.

METHODCombined yield and quality of Ch. morifolium, 8 treatments of different cropping system and fertilization on functional diversity in soil microbial community of Ch. morifolium were investigated by the Biolog.

RESULTThe AWCD of Ch. morifolium paddy-dryland rotation was higher than that of the continuous cropping, the AWCD of organic fertilizer and compound NPK > single organic fertilizer > single compound NPK > no fertilizer. The principal component analysis about Ch. morifolium soil microbial carbon source use showed that the contribution rate of principal component 1 was 45.5% and principal component 2 was 12.1%, which could explain most information about the variation. Different cropping system of Ch. morfolium differentiated in principal component 1 axis, different fertilization differentiated in principal component 2 axis. The yield of Ch. morifolium and volatile oil content paddy-dryland rotation was significantly higher than that of continuous cropping.

CONCLUSIONThe Ch. morifolium should be cultivated with organic fertilizer and compound NPK by paddy-dryland rotation patters.

Biota ; Chrysanthemum ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Fertilizers ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; Soil Microbiology

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of soil factors on the active component content of Chrysanthemum morifolium and screen out the leading factors.

METHODThe active component of water soluble extracts, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and mineral elements were determined and chemical properties and mineral elements of soil were analyzed for studying the effects on Ch. morifolium through correlation, stepwise regression, path and grey correlation analysis.

RESULTSoil available P and K were the most important factors that affected the active component content of Ch. morifolium, followed by urease, phosphatase and invertase activities and organic matter. The mineral elements in Ch. morifolium and in soil correlated well, P and K were enriched in the plant mostly, followed by Cd, Ca, Zn, Cu. The main leading factors of mineral elements in soil were P and K, followed by Fe, Cu and Zn.

CONCLUSIONSoil was one of the important factors which affected the active component content of Ch. morifolium.

Agriculture ; methods ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Minerals ; pharmacology ; Pleasure ; Potassium ; pharmacology ; Soil ; analysis ; Soil Pollutants ; pharmacology ; Water ; physiology

OBJECTIVEBotanical characters of germplasm resources of Chrysanthemum morifolium for medicine were observed and compared, which could offer reference for its genetic improvement and germplasm resources protection.

METHODBased on the random blocks field experiments design, twenty-six morphological traits were observed. The morphological differences among germplasm resources were compared by principal component analysis and cluster analysis.

RESULTThe coefficient of variation values for 17 of 26 traits indicated a high level of variation (above 20%). Six principal components which accounted for 77.14% of total variance were extracted from the principal component analysis. The 29 germplasm resources could be divided into two clusters.

CONCLUSIONThere were large morphological variation among germplasm resources on Ch. morifolium for medicine.

China ; Chrysanthemum ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term outcome and clinical value of utilizing plasma radio frequency ablation under indirect laryngoscope in treatment of recurrence of adenoidal hypertrophy. METHOD: Fifty patients with recurrence of adenoidal hypertrophy were subjected to the operation designed by our group. RESULT: The period of follow-up was more then 2 years. All patients were free of snore postoperatively; conductive hearing loss was improved as well. CONCLUSION Operation with plasma radiofrequency ablation had advantages of direct and clear view of surgical area, accurate remove of adenoids, non-bleeding, avoiding damage of normal nasopharyngeal structure structures, minimal invasion, high safety, and little complication, in treatment of recurrence of adenoidal hypertrophy.
Adenoidectomy ; methods ; Adenoids ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Catheter Ablation ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; surgery ; Nasopharynx ; surgery ; Reoperation ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: It was aimed to investigate the effect of plasma radiofrequency ablation on obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. METHOD: Fifty-four patients with OSAHS were treated with plasma radiofrequency ablation on soft palate, tonsil, uvula and root of tongue in light of needs. RESULT: All these cases were reevaluated with PSG by the end of postoperative period lasted for three month. Among them, 6 were cured, 24 had significant therapeutic effect, 19 had effective outcome, and 5 had no effective, with a total effective rate of 90.74%. No serious complications occurred. CONCLUSION This method was safe and effective, and patients had mild lesion, less bleeding, less painful and the advantages of simple operation.
Adult ; Aged ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palate, Soft ; surgery ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Uvula ; surgery ; Young Adult