Objective To explore the alterations of resting-state neural networks in females with migraine at attack stage in low-and high-frequency ranges compared to healthy controls. Methods Resting-state magnetoencephalography data from 20 females with migraine ( migraine group ) and 20 age-and gender-matched healthy controls ( control group ) were collected to compute the neural network parameters through graph theory analysis.Independent samples t test was used to compare the difference of the network parameters between the two groups.The Pearson coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the abnormal network parameters and clinical manifestations of migraine.Results Compared with control group, females in migraine group at attack stage showed increased functional connectivity in the 0.1 -1 Hz, 4 -8 Hz, 12 -30 Hz, 30 -80 Hz band; increased shortest path length in the 80-250 Hz band; increased clustering coefficient and degree in the 0.1 -1 Hz band;decreased clustering coefficient and degree in the 4 -8 Hz, 12 -30 Hz band ( P<0.05 -0.01 ) .The functional connectivity of females with migraine at attack stage was positively correlated with number of years with migraine in the 12-30 Hz ( r=0.56, P=0.01 ) .Conclusion These results indicate that inherent neural networks are significantly impaired in low-and high-frequency ranges in females with migraine at attack stage and may contribute to the clinical manifestations of this disorder.

Objective To compare the myocardial damage in patients with severe valvular heart disease undergoing open heart surgery under propofol and sevoflurane combined anesthesia.Methods Thirty-two patients with severe heart valvular disease undergoing open heart surgery were randomized into 3 groups:midazolam group (group M,n =8),propofol group (group P,n =12) and sevoflurane group (group S,n =12).Midazolam 1-5 mg,vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg and fentanyl 10-20 μg/kg were injected intravenously in group M.Propofol 1-2 mg/kg,vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg and fentanyl 10 μg/kg were injected intravenously in group P.In group S,the patients inhaled sevoflurane until the eyelash reflex disappeared,the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane was 0.5 ％-2.0％,and vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg and fentanyl 10μg/kg were injected intravenously.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.Anesthesia was maintained with iv infusion of midazolam 0.1 mg· kg-1 · h-1,fentanyl 0.2 μg· kg-1 · min-1,and vecuronium 0.12 mg· kg-1 · h-1 in group M,with iv infusion of propofol 150 μg· kg-1 · min-1 and fentanyl μg· kg-1 · min-1 in group P,or with inhalation of 0.5％-2.0％sevoflurane in group S.CPB was established routinely.The concentration of sevoflurane was 0.5 ％-1.0％ during CPB.Venous blood samples were collected before anesthesia (T1),at 20 min and 2 h after aortic unclamping (T2,3),and at 24 h after operation (T4) for determination of the levels of plasma lactic dehydrogenase (LDH),creatine kinase (CK),creatine kinase MB (CK-MB),cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnⅠ),superoxide dismutase (SOD)and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.Myocardial tissues were taken at T2 for determination of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and for examination of the myocardial ultrastructure.Results Compared with group M,the levels of plasma LDH,CK-MB,and CK were significantly decreased at T2-4,the levels of plasma SOD and cTnⅠ were significantly increased at T2,3,and the expression of HO-1 was up-regulated at T2 in groups P and S,and the levels of plasma TNF-α were significantly decreased at T2-4 in group P and at T2,3 in group S (P ＜ 0.05).The pathologic changes induced by I/R were less severe in groups P and S than in group M.Conclusion Both propofol and sevoflurane can attenuate the myocardial damage in patients with severe valvular heart disease undergoing open heart surgery and the effects are comparable.

Based on a comprehensive questionnaire survey and analysis of factors which trans formation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Medical,some strategies to accelerate transformation were proposed by this paper.

Background Corneal blindness is one of the major blinding eye diseases in China.With the development and progress of tissue engineering technology,tissue-engineered corneas offers a new approach to the treatment of corneal diseases.To select and cultivate ideal seed cells is a foundation of construction of tissueengineered corneas.Objective This study was to evaluate the efficiency of stripe off the Descemet membrane with endothelium plus enzymic digestion in the isolation of corneal endothelial cells and analyze the bionomics of rabbit corneal endothelial cells (CECs) in vitro.Methods Descemet membrane was stripped from fresh cornea of New Zealand rabbit under the dissection microscope.Descemet membrane with endothelium was incubated in trypsin and EDTA solution at 37 ℃ and then purified for CECs subculture in vitro.The morphology of the cultured cells was observed under the inverted microscope and marked by CM-Dil dye solution.Then the shape of the cells was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and the cells were identified for the expression of neuron specific enolase (NSE) using immunochemistry.The viability of the cells were evaluated by trypan blue staining.The surface structure of the cells were examined under the scanning electron microscope.Intercellular zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) was identified by immunofluorecsence staining.Results A large number of purified CECs were obtained from Descemet membrane with endothelium through enzymic digestion.Cultured cells grew well and formed monolayer 5-7 days later with the cobblestone stone-like arrangement.The survival rate of the cells was 95％.CECs presented with the red annular fluorescence for CM-Dil with the labeling rate ＞90％.NSE was positively expressed in the cytoplasm.Polygon CECs were seen by hematoxylin and eosin staining and showed the brown staining.Abundant microvilli on the cellular surface and interconnected foot process were seen under the scanning electron microscope.ZO-1 showed the green fluorescence.Conclusions The method of striping off the corneal Descemet membrane with endothelium plus enzymic digestion can obtain abundant CECs.Cultured cells have good biological properties.This study may offer a feasible application in the engineering of corneal transplant membrane.

Objective To investigate the consistency in the measurement of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT)volume using non-ECG-gated CT and ECG-gated CT.Methods ECG-gated CT and non-ECG-gated CT examinations were obtained in 104 subjects. The ECG-gated group was outlined the epicardium by an associate chief physician with a hand-painted method,the CT value of quan-titative adipose tissue was ranged from -30 HU to -250 HU.The non-ECG-gated group was outlined the epicardium by two asso-ciate chief physicians,A and B;The two CT values were ranged from -20 HU to -250 HU and from -30 HU to -250 HU,re-spectively.The measurement results of two groups were compared for the analysis of the relationship between EAT volume and cor-onary atherosclerosis.Results After the employment of CT value ranging from -20 HU to -250 HU for non-ECG-gated group, the measurement result was well consistent with ECG-gated group.The measurement results obtained by two associate chief physi-cians using the same range of CT value were in a good consistency.The EAT volumes obtained by various measurements were all correlated to the occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis.Conclusion After adjusting the range of CT value,two methods were in a good consistency.Non-ECG-gated CT measurement of EAT volume is easy to operate,which has a better practical value.

BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic scar results from imbalance between local collagen synthesis and degradation and abnormal aggregation of collagen after burn and trauma.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of collagenase on collagen degradation in nude mice with graft of hypertrophic scar and its therapeutic effects on hyertrophic scar.DESIGN: Controlled experiment was designed.SETTING: Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy,Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Experimental Center of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from July 1995 to April 1997, in which, 10 specimens of hypertrophic scar were employed, collected from the removed hypertrophic scars in Department of Plastic Surgery.All of patients were in the known before the operation. Experimental animals were 15 BACB/C nude mice, of which, 8 mice were male and 7 mice female.Totally 15 mice were grafted with hypertrophic scar tissue, 10 mice of which were survived after once graft; with second graft in the rest mice, 2 mice were survived and 3 mice were dead. The survival nude mice were randomized into experimental group and the control, 6 mice in each one.METHODS: The removed hypertrophic scars in plastic operation were grafted in the wound on the dorsum of nude mice to establish graft model of hypertrophic scar. In experimental group, 1% collagenase was injected locally in scar tissue; in the control group, collagease solvent was injected locally, once a week, for 4 weeks totally. After treatment, the materials were collected for macrogcopic observation and observation and analysis with optic and electronic microscopes.scar tissue before and after treatment.RESULTS: Twelve nude mice were survived after scar graft and all of them entered result analysis, 6 mice of which were in experimental group was smaller in size, thinner in thickness and softer in quality compared staining, Van Gieson's collagenous fiber staining and compound staining on slices, it was displayed that in experimental group, dermal layer became thin, collagenous fiber was unclear in structure and disperse in arrangement, but in the control, the dermal layer of scar tissue was hypertrophic microscopic observation, in experimental group, collagenous fibers were destroyed and unclear in structure, but in the control, collagenous fibers were disturbed in arrangement with distinct strips and clear structure.CONCLUSION: Collagenase degrades collagen of hypertrophic scar,lessens and softens scar, suggesting that local injection of collagease is probably a good therapy for hypertrophic scar.

Objective To analyze the feature and cause of stumps of amputees after Wenchuan earthquake,and study the effects of rehabilitation treatment for stumps.Methods Fifty-two cases with stump limbs post-amputation were evaluated,including stump skin status,stump shape,stump length,stump swelling,range of motion (ROM)of joint and strength of stump,and were treated with physical therapy,stump moulding and kinesiotherapy.Results The incidences of stump ulcer,stump swelling,conical stump,short stump and limitation of ROM of joint in all 52 cases were 76%,73%,34%,40%and 42%respectively.After rehabilitation treatment stump ulcers healed,stump swelling eliminated;stump shape,ROM of joint and muscle strength improved obviously.All poor stumps could be fit with the prosthetic limb and get good function.Conclusion The incidences of poor stump limb post·amputation after earthquake were high.Rehabilitation treatment can improve the stump condition.Early comprehensive rehabilitative intervention after amputation is important for fitting the prosthetic limb tO the stump.

BACKGROUND: Vascular injuries of the extremitiesy are frequently concomitant with vascular defects and are usually repaired by autologous vessel grafting. However, the source of autologous vessels is limited and the preparation of them is traumatic.OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively evaluate the extremity-preserving efficacy of vascular prosthesis grafting in repairing major vascular injuries of the extremities in 29 cases.DESIGN: A retrospective study.SETTING: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatic Surgery, Center for Battle Wound and Trauma of Chinese PLA, Research Institute of Surgery,Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: We selected 29 patients with major vascular injuries of the extremities repaired by vascular prosthesis grafting who received the treatment at the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatic Surgery of the Center for Battle Wound and Trauma of the Chinese PLA of the Research Institute of Surgery of, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between January 1989 and December 2000. There were 23 males and 6 females. Injury sites: 9 cases were at subclavian artery, 6 at axillary artery, 2 at brachial artery, 10 at femoral artery, 1 at femoral vein and 1 at popliteal artery. 11 of these 29 cases (37.9%) were complicated with shock, 8 with fractures and dislocations, 5 with peripheral nerve injuries and 3 with infections.METHODS: The vascular prosthesis was anastomosed end to end with the trimmed culprit vessels. As for the 3 cases with infective arterial injuries,the vessels were placed away from the infected region and were bridged together in a non-inf1ammatory region and then muscles or musculo-cutaneous flaps were used to cover the infected regions.The functions of the extremities of the patients were evaluated according to MAS at week 2 and 1 year after the operation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The vascular patency rate and the extremity-preserving outcomes..RESULTS: All 29 patients entered the stage of result analysis. Extremitypreserving efficacy: All the patients who underwent vascular prosthesis grafting had their extremities preserved. Only 1 patient had the late sequelae of ulcers in the foot sole due to extended extremity ischemia and nerve damage. The rate of 2-week patency rate of the grafted vessels was 100% and the 1-year rate of patency was 96.5%, as revealed by Doppler blood stream scanning. The excellent and good rate of the function of extremity was 89%.CONCLUSION: Vascular prosthesis grafting is the one of the methods for repairing the major vascular injuries so as to preserve the extremities and their functions.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures and collapse with intravertebral vacuum sign.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical and radiological data of 31 patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures and collapse with intravertebral vacuum sign treated by PKP from June 2009 to June 2011.Vertebrae body variation,visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) before operation,during follow-up at postoperative one week and at postoperative 3-6 months were used as outcome measurements.Results All the patients went through operations successfully and presented significant mitigation of low back pain in 24 hours after operation.The vertebrae body height at postoperative one week [(17.2 ±4.2) mm] and at postoperative 3-6 months [(16.8 ±5.1)mm] were statistically different from that before operation [(11.4 ± 1.7) mm,P ＜0.01],while there was no statistical difference between the two follow-ups (P ＞ 0.05).VAS and ODI at postoperative one week [(2.8 ± 1.7) points and (31.6 ± 8.4) points] were statistically different from those before operation [(8.6 ± 1.3) points and (78.3 ±8.5) points,P＜0.01].VAS and ODI at postoperative 3-6 months [(2.3 ±0.8) points and (23.7 ± 2.3) points] presented statistical differences from those before operation (P ＜ 0.01),but no statistical differences from those at postoperative one week (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion PKP obtains satisfactory clinical outcomes,for it relieves low back pain and restores vertebral body height.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of unilateral open door laminoplasty and individualized cervical pedicle screw fixation for multisegmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy with flexibility type kyphosis.Methods Twenty one cases of multisegmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy with flexibility type kyphosis received surgical treatment.Unilateral open door laminoplasty and individualized cervical pedicle screw fixation.The Japanese Orthopaedic Association ( JOA) scoring system and disability index ( NDI) were applied to evaluate the neurological function and axial neck /shoulder pain before and after surgery.The Borden′method was employed to measure the cervical curvature.CT plain scan of cervical pedicle and sagittal two-dimensional imaging of transpedicular on the axial was examined.The unilateral open door laminoplasty and individualized cervical pedicle screw fixation was performed .Results A total of 168 pedicle screws were fixed successfully in 21 patients, the accuracy of screw placement reached 93.5%.The cervical curvature measured by Borden′method showed significant differences before and after operation.Compare to those before surgery , the JOA scores at 1 week after operation and at final follow-up were decreased and NDI scores were significant increased ( P <0.05 ).Conclusion Unilateral open door laminoplasty and individualized cervical pedicle screw fixation is effective for treatment of multisegmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy with flexibility type kyphosis.