Clinical and imaging data of 11 patients with dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNET) and 15 patients with low-grade glioma (LGG) admitted in Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Routine MRI scan,diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and enhanced scan were performed.The workstation automatically generated apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and then to obtain ADC values of the tumor parenchymal area and the contralateral normal reference area.Relative tumor/reference ADC values (rADC) were also calculated.The ADC values of parenchymal regions of tumor and contralateral normal reference areas and the rADC between DNET and LGG were compared.There was significant difference in age distribution between the two groups [(16.6± 13.1) vs.(43.0± 19.2) years,t=3.938,P＜0.01].Six out of 11 DNET cases and none of 15 LGG cases were cuneiform or fan-shaped (P＜0.01);5/11 DNET and 0/15 LGG showed circular high signal in fluid attenuated inversion recovery-T2 weighted imaging (T2FLAIR) sequence (P＜0.01),while there no significant differences in intracapsular segmentation,peritumor edema and mass effect,enhancement,and skull compression between two groups (all P＞0.05).The ADC values of tumor parenchymal regions in both groups were significantly higher than those in contralateral reference regions (both P＜0.01),the rADC of DNET was significantly higher than that of LGG (P＜0.01).It is difficult to identify DNET and LGG by conventional image morphology,however the rADC value of DNET in DWI is significantly higher than that of LGG,and can provide important reference for differential diagnosis between them.

The corona-like spikes or peplomers on the surface of the virion under electronic microscope are the most striking features of coronaviruses. The S (spike) protein is the largest structural protein, with 1,255 amino acids, in the viral genome. Its structure can be divided into three regions: a long N-terminal region in the exterior, a characteristic transmembrane (TM) region, and a short C-terminus in the interior of a virion. We detected fifteen substitutions of nucleotides by comparisons with the seventeen published SARS-CoV genome sequences, eight (53.3%) of which are non-synonymous mutations leading to amino acid alternations with predicted physiochemical changes. The possible antigenic determinants of the S protein are predicted, and the result is confirmed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) with synthesized peptides. Another profound finding is that three disulfide bonds are defined at the C-terminus with the N-terminus of the E (envelope) protein, based on the typical sequence and positions, thus establishing the structural connection with these two important structural proteins, if confirmed. Phylogenetic analysis reveals several conserved regions that might be potent drug targets.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral ; immunology ; Base Composition ; Computational Biology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; SARS Virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

We report a complete genomic sequence of rare isolates (minor genotype) of the SARS-CoV from SARS patients in Guangdong, China, where the first few cases emerged. The most striking discovery from the isolate is an extra 29-nucleotide sequence located at the nucleotide positions between 27,863 and 27,864 (referred to the complete sequence of BJ01) within an overlapped region composed of BGI-PUP5 (BGI-postulated uncharacterized protein 5) and BGI-PUP6 upstream of the N (nucleocapsid) protein. The discovery of this minor genotype, GD-Ins29, suggests a significant genetic event and differentiates it from the previously reported genotype, the dominant form among all sequenced SARS-CoV isolates. A 17-nt segment of this extra sequence is identical to a segment of the same size in two human mRNA sequences that may interfere with viral replication and transcription in the cytosol of the infected cells. It provides a new avenue for the exploration of the virus-host interaction in viral evolution, host pathogenesis, and vaccine development.
Base Sequence ; China ; Cluster Analysis ; Gene Components ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS Virus ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; genetics

Animals ; Autoantigens ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Golgi Apparatus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Golgi Matrix Proteins ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proinsulin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; rab1 GTP-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism