Objective Clearing HIV provirus is the key to cure AIDS .The study was to construct the Tre enzyme eukaryotic expression vector and identify its function in specific recognition of loxLTR sequence in HIV provirus . Methods Tre gene was in-serted into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA 3.1 gene recombination manipulation by genetic recombination techniques including gene synthesis , PCR, restriction enzyme digestion and ligation .EGFPpA-LoxLTR sequence was inserted into pmCherry-N1 vector and was tested by restriction enzyme digestion , PCR and sequencing .Constructed vectors were electroporated into HeLa cells , then using fluorescence microscopy to observe fluorescence intensity changes . Results PCR, restriction enzyme digestion , electrophoresis and sequencing confirmed that Tre enzyme eukaryotic expression vector had been constructed successfully , and it could specifically recog-nize and cut loxLTR sequence after being transfected into Hela cells . Conclusion Constructed Tre enzyme eukaryotic expression vector can be expressed in Hela cells and specifically recognize loxLTR sequence , which has prepared the experimental ground for fur-ther studies of clearing HIV provirus .

Objective To explore the influence of structured lipid emulsion on inflammatory cell factors and immunologic function in gastrointestinal cancer patients after operation.Methods From July 2010 to February 2012,80 postoperative patients with gastrointestinal cancer were randomly divided into 2 groups with 40 cases each by stratified sampling method:structured lipid emulsion group (observation group),physical mixture of medium-chain/long-chain triglycerides group (control group).Both groups received isonitrogenous and isocaloric parenteral nutrition for 6 days after operation.The general conditions after operation were compared between two groups.Inflammatory cell factors and immunologic function were measured before operation,the 1st day and 7th day after operation.Results After 6 days parenteral nutrition,the vital sign data,blood routine,liver and renal function,blood fat etc was normal in two groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative infection complication and hospitalization duration between observation group and control group [12.5％(5/40) vs.25.0％(10/40),[( 12.9 ± 0.7 d) vs.(13.1 ±0.9) d] (P ＞0.05).The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1,IL-2,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α on the 1st day after operation in two groups decreased,then gradually increasing.The serum levels of IL-2,IL-6,TNF- α on the 7th day after operation in observation group[(987 ± 203),(277 ± 107),( 197 ± 98) ng/L] were lower than those in control group [(1347 ± 195),(752 ± 187),(342 ± 106) ng/L](P＜0.05 ).The serum levels of IgG,IgA,IgM,CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ on the 1st day after operation in two groups decreased,then gradually increasing.The serum levels of IgG,CD3+,CD4+ were higher in observation group [( 14.2 ± 1.8 ) g/L,0.746 ± 0.111,0.580 ± 0.067] than those in control group [( 12.1 ± 2.8) g/L,0.606 ±0.101,0.404 ± 0.072] (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Structured lipid emulsion can reduce immunological suppression and inflammation in gastrointestinal cancer patients after operation,regulate the inflammatory cell factors producing and releasing,improve the immunologic function.

Objective To analyze preoperative CT findings of chronic suppurative otitis media and to evaluate clinical effect of CT in diagnosing and choosing operation approach.Methods CT findings of 101 ears with chronic suppurative otitis media confirmed by surgery were analysed retrospectively and compared with the findings in the operation.Including mastoid,epitympanum,tympanic antrum,ossicular chain and tympanic mucosa disease.Results All 101 cases who underwent surgery for chronic otitis media had perforation of tympanic membrane in pars tensa.In these cases,39 cases with no soft tissue mass image in preoperative CT images underwent tympanoplasty,62 patients who had the whole and part density mass image in mastoid cavity and antrum underwent tympanoplasty(45 cases) and mastoidectomy(17 cases) respectively.Compared with findings in the operation,CT provided limited information in detecting ossicular chain and tympanic mucosa disease.Dry ear rate was 93.06% at 3 months after operation.Conclusion Preoperative CT have limitation in detecting ossicular chain and tympanic mucosa disease.The choices of surgery method should based on CT images and clinical manifestation.For some patients with chronic suppurative otitis media,the high-resolution CT with 3D reconstruction technique processing is needed in order to display complicated anatomy and pathological changes of ossicular chain.

Progressing vasopressor-refractory hypotension is a major contributor to the high mortality of septic shock.The effect of corticosteroids on peripheral vascular circulation recovery and immune modulation is crucial to the survival of patients with septic shock .However, despite more than fifty years of animal experiments and human trials, the role of corticosteroid therapy in septic shock , its proper applications including dosage, duration and withdrawal remain uncertain and controversial .This paper reviews the development of research , the mechanism, application, and the future direction of low-dose glucocorticoids in the treatment of septic shock .

As the human population ages and the life expectancy increases,tendon injuries will become more prevalent,especially among young individuals.Though the traditional operative therapy for tendon lesion can relieve the suffering of patients,the functional reconstruction is usually not optimistic.Tissue engineering is an advancing field,as the technology of construction in vitro and application in vivo matures,that can provide a more promising approach for tendon repair without tendon autograft.Challenges and future directions in the field of tendon tissue engineering focusing on four key parameters:seed cells,novel scaffolds,and mechanical stimulation.Recently,the discovery of TDSCs (tendon-derived stem cells) provides new ideas for the selection of seed cells and effect of mechanical stimulation on the tendon tissue engineering has become a hot spot.This article provides a review of recent progress in research about seed cells,scaffolds and mechanical stimulation for tendon engineering,and also speculates on the development in the future.

Objective To explore the influence of structured lipid emulsion on acute phase protein and acute inflammatory reaction in gastrointestinal cancer patients after operation.Methods Eighty postoperative patients with gastrointestinal caner from July 2010 to February 2012 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,and 40 cases for each group.Patients in observation group were given structured lipid emulsion,while in control group were given physic mixture of medium-chain/long-chain triglycerides group.Meanwhile patients in both groups were received isonitrogenous and isocaloric parenteral nutrition for 6 days after operation.The general conditions after operation were recorded.Acute phase protein and acute inflammatory reaction were measured before operation,the 1 st day and 7th day after operation.Results After 6 days parenteral nutrition,the vital sign data,blood routine indices,liver and renal function,blood fat were back to normal values in two groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative infection complication and hospitalization duration between observation group and control group (12.5％ (5/40) vs.25.0％ (10/40) ; (12.9 ± 0.7) d vs.(13.1 ± 0.9) d; P ＞ 0.05).The serum levels of Albumin (ALB),Prealbumin(PAB) and Transferrin(TRF) on the 1st day after operation in two groups were significantly lower than those before operation,while the serum levels of C reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen (Fib) were significantly higher,then gradually recovering.The serum levels of ALB,PAB,TRF,CRP,Fib on the 7th day after operation in observation group were (37.11 ± 3.30) g/L,(0.25 ± 0.08) g/L,(2.35 ± 0.49) g/L,(21.84±16.76) mg/L,(3.95 ± 1.23) g/L,significant different from those on the 1st day before nutrition therapy ((31.52±2.92) g/L,(0.15 ±0.02) g/L,(1.90 ±0.54) g/L,(83.80 ±47.13) mg/L,(4.35 ±0.98) g/L) and control group ((34.50 ±2.71) g/L,(0.18 ±0.05) g/L,(2.00 ±0.52) g/L,(41.36 ±23.49) mg/L,(4.76 ± 2.35) g/L; P ＜ 0.05).The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1,IL-2,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α decreased on the 1st day after operation of two groups,then gradually increasing.The serum levels of IL-2,IL-6 on the 7th day after operation in observation group were (987 ±203) ng/L) and (277 ± 107) ng/L,significant different from those on the 1st day before nutrition therapy ((890 ± 197) ng/L and (355 ± 107) ng/L;P ＜0.05),and lower than those in control group ((1 347 ± 195) ng/L,(752 ± 187) ng/L; P ＜0.05).The serum levels of TNF-α on the 7th day after operation in observation group was (197 ±98) ng/L,which was as same as that on the 1 st day before nutrition therapy ((167 ± 79) ng/L,P ＞ 0.05) and lower than this in control group((342 ± 106) ng/L;P ＜0.05).Conclusion Structured lipid emulsion can effectively improve the synthesis of acute phase protein in gastrointestinal cancer patients after operation,regulate the inflammatory cell factors producing and releasing,which is benefit to smoothly through stress reaction period.

Objective To evaluate the effects of reserved jejunal feeding tube during postoperative chemotherapy of gastric cancer. Methods Forty-two patients with gastric cancer underwent radical gastrectomy and going to adjuvant chemotherapy,conventional placed jejunal feeding tube. All of the patients weredivided into group A and group B randomly by pathological staging and tumor site, group A reserved jejunal feeding tube and received enteral nutrition through the tube during chemotherapy, and group B non-reservedjejunal feeding tube and been given daily diet,compared nutrition and immune indicators of two groups beforeand after chemotherapy ,compared the rate of vomiting,and observed complications long-term reserved jejunal feeding tube. Results In post-chemotherapy,nutrition and immune indicators of group A were betterthan those of group B, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05) ,the rate of vomiting in group Awas significantly lower than that of in group B (X2= 9.75, P＜0.01 ), no serious complieations occurred forlong-term reserved jejunal feeding tube. Conclusions Reserved jejunal feeding tube and received enteralnutrition through the tube during postoperative chemotherapy of gastric cancer can significantly improve the nutritional and immune status. It is safe and reliable, worth promoting.

Objective To explore the expression of REG4 and survivin in colorectal cancer, and to analyze the relationship with clinicopathologic features. Methods The expression of REG4 and survivin in 92 colorectal cancer and corresponding normal mucosa was evaluated by immunohistochemistry combining tissue microarray. The relationship between REG4 and survivin and clinicopathologic parameters were statistically assessed. Results The positive expression of REG4 and survivin in colorectal cancer were 53.3% (49/92) and 64.1% (59/92). The positive rates were 8.6% (8/92) and 3.3% (3/92) in the normal mucosa. The level of both REG4 and survivin in colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that in normal mucosa (P < 0.05). REG4 expression was related to differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage, while survivin was significantly correlated with the lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P < 0.05). Both were not correlated with the patient′s gender, age, tumor size (P > 0.05). REG4 expression was positively associated with survivin (r =0.208, P<0.05). Conclusion REG4 and survivin were upregulated in colorectal carcinoma, and may be involved in the occurrence of colorectal cancer.

Objective To evaluate cause,treatment and prevention of esophageal fistula caused by anterior cervical spine surgery.Methods Between January 2004 and December 2011,2348 patients underwent anterior cervical spine surgery.Among them,5 patients suffered from esophageal fistula owing to operation,including 3 males and 2 females,with an average age of 34 years (range,14 to 48 years).The diagnosis of these patients included 3 cases of cervi(c)al injury,1 case of cervical spondylosis and 1 case of cervical tuberculosis.There was 1 patient whose esophageal injury was founded during the surgery,and that was directly repaired.For another 4 patients,esophageal fistulas were founded after operation; one case underwent debridement and orificium fistulae repair; one case only underwent debridement; one case underwent debridement and second-stage removal of hardware; and one case underwent debridement and second-stage removal of hardware and esophageal repair with sternocleidomastoid flap.Postoperative treatment included esophageal rest,enteral nutrition,wound drainage,and antibiotic administration.Methylene blue was used to evaluate status of orificium fistulae.Results All patients with esophageal fistula were cured 9 to 61 weeks after treatment,and oral intake was achieved.They were followed up for 6-48 months.There was no recurrence of esophageal fistula,cervical instability and infectious spondylitis in any ease.All patients were satisfied with swallowing function and outcome of cervical spine diseases.The Frankel grade was improved averagely one grade in patients with cervical injury,and the JOA score was improved from preoperative 9 points to postoperative 15 points in patients with cervical spondylosis.Conclusion Successful management of esophageal fistula caused by anterior cervical spinal surgery depends on primary closure of the perforation with or without muscle flaps,surgical drainage,esophageal rest and nutrition support,and removal of hardware if necessary.Prevention consists of the careful operation and gentle tissue handling.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different concentrations of parecoxib sodium on the rat sperm motility,capacitation and acrosome reaction in vitro.Methods The sperm samples from Sprague-Dawley rat epididymis were collected by Klinefelter diffusion method and randomly divided into 4 groups (n =18 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),and parecoxib sodium 100,500,1 000 μmol/L groups (P1-3 groups).Parecoxib sodium with the final concentrations of 100,500 and 1 000 μmol/L was added to the culture medium.The samples were then incubated for 5 h in an airtight container filled with 5 ％ CO2 at 37 ℃.Then sperm motility was examined in vitro at 37 ℃ and analyzed by the computer-assisted sperm analysis,including the sperm motility ((a + b)％),average path velocity (VAP),straight line velocity (VSL),curvilinear velocity (VCL) and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH).The capacitation effect was assessed by using the chlortetracycline staining and phase-contract microscopy.The acrosome reaction was evaluated by coomassie brilliant blue staining.Results The VAP,VSL,VCL and capacitation ability of the sperm were gradually decreased in C and P1-3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,(a + b)％ in P2,3 groups and ALH in P2 group were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the acrosome reaction between groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Parecoxib sodium has significant inhibitory effects on the rat sperm motility and capacitation in a dose-dependent manner,while has no effect on the acrosome reaction in vitro.