AIM:To explore the effects of panax notoginsenosides(PNS)on bone histomorphometry in rats with hyperlipidemia-induced osteoporosis.METHODS:Thirty 3-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups with 10 per group as follows.Control group was intragastrically given distilled water at the dose of 5 mL?kg-1?d-1 for 20 weeks;Model group was intragastrically given lipid emulsion at the dose of 5 mL?kg-1?d-1 for 20 weeks;PNS preventing group was intragastrically given lipid emulsion at the dose of 5 mL?kg-1?d-1 in the morning and PNS at the dose of 5 mL?kg-1?d-1 at afternoon for 20 weeks.At the end of the experiment,the right longitudinal proximal tibial metaphyseal parameters of rats were performed undecalcifiedly and used for bone histomorphometry analysis.And the blood serum contents of FFA,TG,TC,HDL-C and LDL-C were measured by biochemical analysis.RESULTS:Compared with model group,the blood serum contents of FFA,TC and LDL-C were decreased and HDL-C was increased significantly(P

Objective To study chronic nephrotoxicity of Penthorum chinense. To provide a scientific evidence for the development and application of Penthorum chinense in food and drug. Methods 48 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12), 0. 9% sodium chloride solution saline group and three Penthorum chinense treat groups. The Penthorum chinense groups were treated by intragastric administration with 5,10,20 g·kg-1 crude drug once a day for 3 months. The levels of Urea, UA, Cre in serum were detected, and the HE dyeing was chosen to observe the kidney morphology. Results The body weight, nephritic organ quotiety, and the level of Urea, UA, and Cre in each exposure group have no statistically significant difference compared with 0. 9% sodium chloride solution group (P>0. 05). There were no obvious kidney morphology changes in the Penthorum chinense group(F=1. 37,P=0. 268). Conclusion The kidney morphology and function of rat shows no apparente injury after long-term intragastric administration of Penthorum chinense.

Objective To compare the skills level before and after pediatric advanced life support course and analyze the effect of the training. Methods The pediatric advanced life support was used as the textbook. The skills were got through attending theory classes, watching demonstrations and taking part in the simulator training. The questionnaires were filled strictly and the data was analysed. Results The test scores were increased after the training (P＜0. 01). There were only 8.7% of the trainees had used the rescue equipments and 61.3% had never seen the rescue equipments before training. More than 80% of the trainees were satisfied with the training about the utility and novelty. Conclusion pediatric advanced life support course can successfully deliver a large number of healthcare providers with international unique pediatric emergency treatment skills ,and raise the participants abilities of rescuing critical children.

Objective To investigate the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)expression on pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to find new target for gene therapy.Methods After liposome-mediated small interference RNA (siRNA) transfection into rat retinal endothelial cells,the cells were cultured in medium with CoCl2-induced hypoxic condition.Expression of HIF-1α mRNA was determined by fluorenscence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),HIF-1α protein expression was detected by Western Blot after cocultured for 8 hours.Cell proliferation was measured with 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol (-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay after cocultured for 24 hours.Difference between groups was compared with independent samples t test.Results Rat retinal vascular endothelial cells were successfully transfected with siRNA.Fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR results showed that at 48 hours of transfection,the expression of HIF-1α mRNA in the interference group of siRNA1,siRNA2 and siRNA4 were 0.1620 ± 0.0147,0.2034 ± 0.0251 and 0.3049 ± 0.0165,which were 16.20％,20.34 ％ and 30.49％ of blank control group (1.0000±0.0344),and were lower than that of negative control group (0.8334±0.0242) (t=16.786,8.953 and 4.087,P＜0.05 respectively).Western Blot results showed that HIF-1α protein expression was significantly inhibited by siRNA1(0.4956 ± 0.0421 ) and siRNA2 (0.6544 ± 1.0032) comparing with blank control group (3.5105 ±0.4084) and negative control group (3.4019 ± 1.0677) (t =6.861,2.893,4.567 and 5.072,P＜0.05 respectively).As for cellular proliferation activity,(49.5±2.9) ％ and (67.4±1.2) ％ of cells growth inhibition were observed after transfection with siRNA1 and siRNA2,which were higher than those of negative control group [(15.7±1.5) ％ ] (t=2.786 and 6.904,P＜0.05).Conclusions The synthetic HIF-1α siRNA could effectively inhibit the expression of HIF-1α gene and reduce cell proliferation in rat retinal endothelial cells under hypoxic condition.RNA interference technology targeting HIF-1α might become a new strategy for gene therapy of ROP.

Objective:To evaluate regulatory effects of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and human papillomavirus type 2 (HPV2) E2 protein on the differentiation of an immortalized human keratinocyte line HaCaT and a normal human epidermal keratinocyte line NHEK.Methods:In both HaCaT and NHEK cells, HPV2 E2-stably transfected cell lines (HPV2 E2-transfected groups) were established by using the lentivirus transfection method, wide-type FGFR3-overexpressing cells (FGFR3-WT transfected groups) and FGFR3-K650E mutant-overexpressing cells (FGFR3-K650E transfected groups) were constructed by using the plasmid transfection method, and cells transfected with blank vectors served as control groups (blank vector control groups). Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was performed to determine the mRNA expression of HPV2 E2, and Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of HPV2 E2, FGFR3, and keratinocyte differentiation markers including loricrin, filaggrin, as well as involucrin. Laser scanning confocal microscopy was conducted to observe the spatial localization of HPV2 E2 and FGFR3 in HaCaT cells. Statistical analysis was carried out by using two-independent-sample t test for the comparison between two groups, one-way analysis of variance for the comparison among multiple groups, and Dunnett t-test for multiple comparisons. Results:The HPV2 E2-stably transfected cell lines were successfully constructed, and the expression of HPV2 E2 FLAG protein was significantly higher in the HPV2 E2-transfected groups than in the blank vector control groups in both HaCaT and NHEK cells ( t = 13.71, 25.91, respectively, both P < 0.001) ; both FGFR3-WT and FGFR3-K650E were successfully overexpressed in both HaCaT and NHEK cells, and the FGFR3 protein expression was significantly higher in the FGFR3-WT transfected groups and the FGFR3-K650E transfected groups than in the blank vector control groups ( F = 473.90, 579.90, respectively, both P < 0.001). In both HaCaT and NHEK cells, the expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers including loricrin, filaggrin, and involucrin was significantly upregulated in the HPV2 E2-transfected groups, the FGFR3-WT transfected groups, and the FGFR3-K650E transfected groups than in the blank vector control groups (all P < 0.05). In the HPV2 E2-stably transfected HaCaT and NHEK cells, the expression of loricrin, filaggrin, and involucrin was significantly down-regulated in the HPV2 E2 + FGFR3-WT transfected groups and the HPV2 E2 + FGFR3-K650E transfected groups than in the HPV2 E2 + blank vector groups (all P < 0.05). Laser scanning confocal microscopy showed the spatial co-localization of HPV2 E2 and FGFR3 in the nuclear membrane and cytoplasm of HaCaT cells. Conclusion:HPV2 E2 and FGFR3 could both induce the differentiation of HaCaT and NHEK cells, while FGFR3 could inhibit HPV2 E2-induced differentiation trend of HaCaT and NHEK cells, which may be related to the cellular spatial co-localization of HPV2 E2 and FGFR3.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( BMSCs) modified by bcl-2 gene on myocardial cell apoptosis, angiogenesis and cardiac function in the rabbit after acute myocardial in-farction ( MI) .METHODS:The rabbit BMSCs were isolated, cultured and purified in vitro.The BMSCs were transfected with adenovirus or adenovirus-Bcl-2.The rabbit model of MI was established by ligation of left anterior descending branch. The rabbits were injected with Ad-Bcl-2-BMSCs ( MI+Bcl-2-BMSCs group) , Ad-BMSCs ( MI+BMSCs group) and DMEM ( MI group) in infarction marginal zone 2 weeks after ligation.The cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography.The apoptosis of myocardial cells was measured by TUNEL.The mRNA expression of VEGF was detected by real-time PCR.The expression of CD31 was examined by immunohistochemical staining, and new blood capillaries were counted at 4 weeks after BMSCs transplantation.The correlation of the above values with cardiac function was analyzed.RESULTS: The cardiac function was better, the apoptotic rate was lower, the mRNA expression of VEGF and the capillary density were higher in both MI+Bcl-2-BMSCs group and the MI+BMSCs group than those in MI group, and those in MI+Bcl-2-BMSCs group in-creased more obviously .The left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) had a negative correlation with the myocardial cell ap-optosis rate.A positive correlation with the mRNA expression level of VEGF and the capillary density was also observed. CONCLUSION:The transplantation of BMSCs modified by bcl-2 gene significantly reduces the myocardial cell apoptosis, promotes angiogenesis, improves heart function of the rabbits with MI.

The social communication impairment is one of the core impairments of children with autism spec-trum disorder(ASD).This paper introduced five play-based intervention models that can improve social communica-tion skills of children with ASD.Guided by the concept of precision rehabilitation,practitioners who master these methods may effectively tailor interventions to different cases,by integrating personalized therapy for prescriptive treatment,may ensure healthy mind and body development of children with ASD while solving social communication problems,thus provide practice reference for parents of children with ASD,researchers and clinical educators in China.

Purpose: RIOK1 has been proved to play an important role in cancer cell proliferation and migration in various types of cancers—such as colorectal and gastric cancers. However, the expression of RIOK1 in breast cancer (BC) and the relationship between RIOK1 expression and the development of BC are not well characterized. In this study, we assessed the expression of RIOK1 in BC and evaluated the mechanisms underlying its biological function in this disease context. Materials and Methods: We used immunohistochemistry, western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the expression of RIOK1 in BC patients. Then, knockdown or overexpression of RIOK1 were used to evaluate the effect on BC cells in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we predicted miR-204-5p could be a potential regulator of RIOK1. Results: We found that the expression levels of RIOK1 were significantly higher in hormone receptor (HR)–negative BC patients and was associated with tumor grades (p=0.010) and p53 expression (p=0.008) and survival duration (p=0.011). Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested a tendency for the poor prognosis. In vitro, knockdown of RIOK1 could inhibit proliferation, invasion, and induced apoptosis in HR-negative BC cells and inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo, while overexpression of RIOK1 promoted HR-positive tumor progression. MiR-204-5p could regulate RIOK1 expression and be involved in BC progression. Conclusion These findings indicate that RIOK1 expression could be a biomarker of HR-negative BC, and it may serve as an effective prognostic indicator and promote BC progression.

Objective To observe the surface area temperature of dysmenorrhea rats with cold stagnation syndrome; To compare the different effects of Sanyinjiao (SP6) and Guanyuan (RN4).Methods Forty female SD rats were randomized into control group, model group, Sanyinjiao (SP6) group, and Guanyuan (RN4) group, 12 rats in each group. Whole body freezing method combined with estradiol benzoate injection was used to establish models. Sanyinjiao (SP6) group and Guanyuan (RN4) group received moxibustion at corresponding points for 3 times after modeling. Infrared thermal imaging was used to measure the skin temperature at the surface projection area of Sanyinjiao (SP6) and Xuehai (SP10) and Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines before and after moxibustion.Results Compared with control group, the temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines significantly increased in model group 5-30 min after moxibustion (P<0.05). 30 min after moxibustion, the temperature of right Sanyinjiao significantly decreased in other three groups (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines significantly decreased after 5-30 min in Sanyinjiao group (P<0.05), while Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines significantly decreased after 10-30 min in Guanyuan group (P<0.05). Comparison between two moxibustion groups, the influence of Sanyinjiao group to temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines was earlier than Guanyuan group (P<0.05).Conclusion Moxbustion can decrease the temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines and ease the imbalance. And the influence of moxbustion SP6 to temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines is earlier than moxibustion RN4.

Objective:To investigate gender differences in arterial velocity pulse index(AVI), which is an indicator of vascular stiffness, across various age groups.Additionally, the study will also examine the risk factors associated with AVI.Methods:This cross-sectional study enrolled 4311 patients with an average age of 57.8±12.8 years at Jiading Branch of Shanghai First People's Hospital between August 2020 and September 2021.Patients were divided into three groups based on age: young(<45 years old, n=755), middle-aged(45-59 years old, n=1260), and elderly(≥60 years old, n=2 296). The AVI of the subject was obtained using the cuff oscillation wave method.The subject's AVI was acquired using the cuff oscillation wave.High AVI, indicating arteriosclerosis, was defined as AVI≥33.The subjects were then divided into two groups: the high AVI group(122 cases)and the normal AVI group(4 189 cases).Results:The ankle-brachial index(AVI)was found to be 12.8±3.7, 17.5±5.7, and 19.8±6.5 in the young, middle-aged, and elderly groups, respectively.The study revealed that AVI increased with age( Ftrend=767.819, P<0.01). Additionally, the incidence of high AVI in middle-aged women was found to be(2.8% or 20/722), which was higher than that in men 0.9%(5/538)in the same age group.This difference was statistically significant( χ2=5.371, P<0.05). The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicate that being overweight, having a higher height, and a pulse rate greater than 80 BPM are protective factors in preventing a high incidence of AVI.The odds ratios( OR)with 95% confidence intervals( CI)for these factors were 0.468(0.317-0.690), 0.926(0.895-0.958), and 0.143(1.026-2.432), respectively, all with a P-value less than 0.01.On the other hand, old age, systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher, and diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or higher were identified as risk factors for AVI.The ORs with 95% CIs for these factors were 2.119(1.322-3.396), 6.652(4.136-10.699), and 1.580(1.026-2.432), respectively, all with a P- value less than 0.05l. Conclusions:Arterial stiffness, as measured by the ankle-brachial index(ABI), tends to increase with age.In middle-aged subjects, women have a higher incidence of high ABI than men.Independent risk factors for high ABI include age and increased blood pressure, while factors such as overweight and height may affect the measured value of ABI.