1.Investigation of parasitic infection in food on market in Qingpu District of Shanghai during 2015‒2023
Chengcheng WANG ; Changpo LIN ; Yanli DAI ; Zhicheng ZHANG ; Qunqun LIU ; Yadong MA ; Xueqin YU
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2025;37(3):260-264
ObjectiveTo understand the status of parasitic infection in the food sold on market in Qingpu District of Shanghai, and to provide an evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies for parasitic infection applicable to Qingpu District. MethodsAquatic products, meat products and other foodstuffs sold on online shops, at farm product markets, supermarkets/foodstores and restaurants were sampled in Qingpu District, Shanghai, during 2015‒2023, based on the administrative division of Qingpu District. The parasitic infection in the food samples were examined using pressing method and digestion for detecting metacercariae in freshwater products and pickled products, using dissection microscopy for Anisakis larvae in seawater products, Taenia cysticercus and Trichinella encysted larvae in meat products. ResultsA total of 1 079 samples of food products were examined during 2015‒2023, with a total parasite infection rate of 13.44%. The total parasite infection rate of freshwater fish products was 3.40% (16/471), and the difference of parasite infection rates between different freshwater fish species was statistically significant (χ2=229.609, P=0.001). The total infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis was 3.18% (15/471), which had been detected in Pseudorasbora parva, Cyprinidae rhodeus, and Carassius auratus, with a positive rate of 77.78% (7/9), 50.00% (5/10) and 3.90% (3/77), respectively. Metorchis orientalis was detected in in Pseudorasbora parva, with a positive rate of 33.33% (3/9). The positive rate of Gnathostoma spinigerum (third-stage larvae) was 0.81%. Paragonimus metacercariae were not detected in the freshwater shrimps and crabs. The infection rate of seawater fish products was 26.46%. The difference of parasite infection rate in seawater fishes was statistically significant (χ2=109.181, P=0.001). A total of 53 pork and beef samples were tested, none was detected with Trichinella larva cysts, Taenia solium metacercariae, and Taenia saginata metacercariae. The total infection rate of pickled yellow mud snail products was 58.11% (43/74). Paragonimus metacercariae was not detected in any of the pickled aquatic product samples. ConclusionThere are different degrees of parasitic infection in freshwater products, seawater products and pickled aquatic products in Qingpu District of Shanghai. The risk of parasite infection from raw or undercooked foods is high. Health education on healthy dietary practices such as throughly cooked food should be strengthened for local residents.
2.Changes of GSH-PX activity and γ-GCS mRNA expression in serum of workers exposed to manganese.
Kai You YE ; Xiao Xiao LIU ; Yong Qing DIAO ; Qiu Fang XU ; Feng JIN ; Yin Jun PAN
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2022;40(8):582-585
Objective: To explore the changes of γ-GCS mRNA expression and GSH-PX in serum of workers exposed to manganese in order to provide scientific basis for early diagnosis of manganese poisoning. Methods: In June 2017, a total of 180 workers from a motorcycle manufacturer were selected by stratified random sampling, including 115 welders as the exposure group and 65 administrative office workers as the Control Group, the exposure group was divided into high exposure group (43 persons) and low exposure group (72 persons) according to whether the exposure group exceeded the standard limit. The levels of γ-gcs Mrna expression and GSH-Px activity in serum were determined by Occupational Health Survey, and the differences of γ-gcs Mrna expression and GSH-Px activity among different groups were analyzed. Results: Compared with the control group, the serum GSH-Px activity was lower and the serum γ-GCS mRNA expression level was higher in the exposed group (F=370.52, 275.95, P<0.01) . Compared with the control group, there was significant difference in γ-GCS mRNA expression level and GSH-Px activity (F=0.475、1.06, P<0.01; F=48.53、111.70, P<0.01) . The concentrations of manganese in air, welding dust and urine were positively correlated with the level of γ-GCS mRNA (r=0.71, 0.50, 0.31, P<0.01) The serum GSH-Px activity was negatively correlated with the concentrations of manganese in air, welding dust and urine (r=-0.80, -0.52, -0.30, P< 0.01) , There was no correlation between Serum γ-GSH-Px activity and age and years of exposure (P>0.05) . Conclusion: Serum γ-GCS mRNA expression level and GSH-Px activity level can be used as early biomarkers of manganese poisoning. The concentrations of manganese in workplace air, welding dust and urine manganese in workers are the influencing factors.
Air Pollutants, Occupational
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Dust
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Humans
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Ions
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Manganese
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Manganese Poisoning
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Occupational Exposure/analysis*
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RNA, Messenger/genetics*
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Welding
3.Analysis of monitoring results of disinfection quality in child care institutions in Qingpu District of Shanghai, 2016-2018
Yu-feng WANG ; Tian LIU ; Yin-jun PAN ; Zhi-hua REN ; Jia-xin CHEN ; Pei-feng ZHU
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(10):974-977
Objective:To determine the disinfection effect in child care institutions in Qingpu District of Shanghai, and provide evidence for improving the disinfection quality and preventing and controlling infectious diseases. Methods:According to the monitoring program of disinfection quality in child care institutions in Shanghai, disinfection quality was monitored for 3 years. Results:A total of 979 samples were monitored in the consecutive three years, in which 895 samples were qualified with a total qualification rate of 91.42%. The qualification rate of air samples was 100.00%, while the rate of staff hand samples was the lowest, with an average of 79.60%. During 2016-2018, the difference among the annual qualification rates was statistically significant(
4.Therapeutic observation of subcutaneous pedicle screw-rod system with modified placement for Tile B pelvic fractures.
Xiao-Tian WU ; Nong CHEN ; Fu-Gen PAN ; Zuo-Qing LIU ; Xiao-Jian HE
China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 2017;30(3):208-212
OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and therapeutic effect of subcutaneous pedicle screw-rod system with modified placement in treatment of Tile B pelvic fractures.
METHODSFrom June 2014 to August 2015, 14 patients with Tile B pelvic fractures were treated by subcutaneous pedicle screw-rod system with modified placement in the anterior inferior iliac spine and pubic tubercle. There were 8 males and 6 females, aged from 23 to 65 years with an average of 42 years. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing and postoperative complication were observed and clinical effects were evaluated by Matta reduction standard and Majeed score.
RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 8 to 15 months with an average of 10.5 months. Operative time was 25 to 45 min with an average of 32 min;intraoperative blood loss was 10 to 35 ml with an average of 18 ml. All fractures got primary healing and healed time was 9 to 14 weeks with an average of 12.5 weeks. No postoperative incision infection, internal fixation failure and ectopic ossification were found, 4 cases occurred unilateral lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury and 1 case occurred unilateral femoral nerve paralysis, but all restored finally. According to Matta criteria, reduction was excellent in 7 cases, good in 5 cases, fair in 2 case. According to Majeed score system, the functional evaluation at last follow-up was excellent in 5 cases, good in 7 cases, fair in 2 cases with the average score of 81.50±8.05.
CONCLUSIONSSubcutaneous pedicle screw-rod system with modified placement in the anterior inferior iliac spine and pubic tubercle have advantages of strong reduction, less trauma and complications, and is a promising surgical method in the treatment of Tile B pelvic fractures.
5.Expression and significance of β-catenin and NF-κB signaling pathway in knee osteoarthritis synovial inflammation.
Dong ZHANG ; Qing-Fu WANG ; Xiao-Zhe ZHANG ; An-Min RUAN ; Yu TIAN ; Si-Ting LIU ; Xiao-Yan FAN ; Jia-Hao SHEN
China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 2019;32(8):721-726
OBJECTIVE:
To explore expression of β-catenin and NF-κB signaling pathway in synovial tissue of rats with different degrees of knee osteoarthritis (KOA).
METHODS:
Forty-eight SPF male rats weighed (200±20) g were randomly divided into three groups, namely model group (32 rats), sham operation group (8 rats) and control group (8 rats). KOA model rats were established by Hulth method, and 8 rats were killed at 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks respectively after modeling, in order to establish KOA model rats with moderate, early, mild and severe degree. Sham operation group was only cut off capsule of knee joint and suture to exclude interference factor, control group was untreated. Behavior, synovial hyperplasia and cartilage degeneration of rats among each group were observed. Expression of NF-κB and signaling pathway and β-catenin in synovial tissue of rats were detected by real-time PCR.
RESULTS:
KOA rat model was successfully established, and synovial hyperplasia was observed in KOA model at mild and early degree, and then gradually decreased; while cartilage degeneration in the early moderate and severe KOA model was significantly expressed, and gradually aggravated with time. The results of PCR showed that expression of β-catenin in 4-week group (8.57±0.46) and 8-week group (4.23±0.09) were higher than those in control group (<0.05); expression of TLR-2 in 2-week group (12.04±4.02) and 4-week group (8.54±2.13) were higher than those in control group(<0.05), and TLR-4 in 2-week group(5.04±0.93), 4-week group (3.29±0.58) and 8-week group (1.63±0.12) were higher than those in control group; expression of NF-κB was significantly higher in 2-week group (10.15±2.04), 4-week group (15.97±4.17), 8-week group (7.69±1.48) and 12-week group (6.70±1.58) than that in control group (<0.05), and expression of IL-1β was significantly higher in 4-week group (2.79±0.25) and 8-week group (2.46±0.32) than that of control group (<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
On the RNA expression level, both of β-catenin and NF-κB signaling pathways are involved in synovial inflammation in KOA model rats, and they play a regulatory role in expression of IL-1β, degeneration of KOA.
Animals
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Inflammation
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Male
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NF-kappa B
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Osteoarthritis, Knee
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Rats
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Signal Transduction
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beta Catenin
6.Study on musculuskeletal ultrasound features and correlation of knee osteoarthritis.
Dong ZHANG ; Qing-Fu WANG ; Li-Li YANG ; Ming-Kang XU ; Wen GAN ; Wang-Yang DU ; Yu-Ru GUO ; Si-Ting LIU ; Yu TIAN ; Xiao-Yan FAN
China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 2018;31(12):1108-1113
OBJECTIVE:
To compare the correlation between musculoskeletal ultrasound features, dysfunction and X-ray findings in patients with knee osteoarthritis, and to analyze the pathological mechanism of soft tissue inflammation in knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS:
Cross-sectional method was performed in this research (Evidence level: III). The patients with knee osteoarthritis were collected according to the screening criteria from September 2016 to January 2017 in Orthopedic clinic in our hospital. Musculoskeletal ultrasound and X-ray images were obtained and measured, knee function was measured by Lysholm scale. Pearson coefficient, t test and Wilcoxon were applied to analyze the correlation between soft tissue inflammation, knee dysfunction and X-ray features.
RESULTS:
Total 123 patients with knee osteoarthritis were recruited in this research. Soft tissue inflammation around knee had a high incidence in patients with knee osteoarthritis (infrapatellar fat pad inflammation 81%), and the synovial membrane thickness, joint effusion depth and meniscus bulging were beyond the normal range. Correlation analysis showed that the about Lysholm score and joint effusion depth had negative correlations with "Squat" score(=-0.21, =0.02). and Medial meniscus bulging had negative correlations with "Sustain" score(=-0.26, <0.01) and Lysholm total score (=-0.19, =0.04). Lateral meniscus bulging had a negative correlation with "Unstable" score (=-0.22, =0.02). The X-ray features, and medial joint space narrow had negative correlations with joint effusion depth(=-0.27, <0.01) and synovial membrane thickness(=-0.17, =0.007), and had a positive correlation with medial meniscus bulging. Medial joint space narrow was significantly correlated with patellar ligament inflammation and fat pad inflammation(<0.05). Lateral joint space narrow was significantly correlated with patellar ligament inflammation(=0.02).
CONCLUSIONS
Soft tissue inflammation around the knee-a major pathological manifestation of knee osteoarthritis, has significant correlations with knee dysfunction and bony structure lesions, and affects the progression of knee osteoarthritis by damaging knee joint function and promoting the destruction of articular cartilage.
Cartilage, Articular
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Cross-Sectional Studies
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Humans
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Knee Joint
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Menisci, Tibial
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Osteoarthritis, Knee
7.Time Regularity of Morphology of Blood Pools.
Ji Long ZHENG ; Kai Fang ZHAO ; Yue TENG ; Xia LIU ; De Ming HUO ; Fang Ming WANG
Journal of Forensic Medicine 2020;36(3):299-304
Objective To provide reference indexes and theoretical basis for age estimation of blood pools by investigating the entire drying process and monitoring the change of morphology and mass. Methods Four 15 mL blood pool samples were prepared on the clean ceramic plate. The change of morphology and mass of blood pools in a closed dark environment with a temperature of (20.0±0.5) ℃ and a humidity of 35%-45% were dynamically observed from 0 h to 60 h. Images of the blood pools were recorded by digital camera. The area of blood pools was calculated by MATLAB R2014b, the length of cracks was measured by Image J and the statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 16.0. Results By summarizing and analyzing, the drying of blood pools was divided into five stages: coagulation (0-4.5 h), gelation (>4.5-20.0 h), gel-solid mixing (>20.0-37.0 h), solid (>37.0-40.0 h) and final desiccation (>40.0-45.0 h). From 0 to 45 h, the mass of the blood pools decreased linearly with time, and the decrease was not obvious from 45.0 to 60.0 h. The standardized mass (y2) showed strong correlation with the time (x) y2=0.018 2 x+0.271 4(R2=0.967 9). The area change rate of blood pools, the distance that the edge of blood pools moved, the average length of radical cracks had little correlation with the time that passed. Conclusion The overall morphological characteristics of blood pools show a certain regularity with the time and the standardized indexes established provide a reference for the age estimation of blood pools.
Blood Coagulation
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Humidity
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Temperature
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Time Factors
8.Effect of Enteral Nutrition on Intestinal Flora in Patients with Ischemic Stroke
Chun-jiang FAN ; Ting-yu LIU ; Gang LI ; Jian HUANG ; Yang CAO ; Yi-ni DANG
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2019;25(7):822-827
Objective:To explore the effect of enteral nutrition on gut microbiota for ischemic stroke. Methods:From March to April, 2017, 121 patients with convalescent ischemic stroke were enrolled. The patients received routine rehabilitation combing with 1-week enteral nutrition. The patients' fresh feces and blood samples were obtained at admission, one week and one month after the enteral nutrition, while nutritional status was assessed with Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS2002). Cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 were tested with ELISA. Ten patients were tested with 16S rDNA Illumina HiSeq/MiSeq for gut microbiota alterations. Results:The scores of NRS2002 decreased (
9.Examination of Quality Characteristics of Rehmannia glutinosa Leaves by Different Fixation Methods Based on Fingerprint and Antioxidant Activity
Jinpeng CUI ; Xiaotong GENG ; Mengjuan CHENG ; Weifeng LI ; Juan ZHANG ; Qingpu LIU ; Jingwei LEI ; Caixia XIE
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2022;28(23):197-204
ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of different fixation methods on the chemical quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of Rehmannia glutinosa leaves, so as to lay a foundation for the selection of processing technology and quality evaluation of this medicinal materials. MethodR. glutinosa leaves was dried at 55 ℃ after treating by three fixation methods (55 ℃, boiling water, 105 ℃), and then the fingerprints of R. glutinosa leaves were collected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and their antioxidant activities were analyzed by the 2,2-biphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Finally, similarity analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and Pearson correlation analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of R. glutinosa leaves with different fixation methods. ResultThe results of HPLC and NIRS fingerprint analysis indicated that there were differences in the quality characteristics of R. glutinosa leaves by different fixation treatments. The comprehensive score of chemical quality of R. glutinosa leaves by fixation at 55 ℃ was the highest, its average comprehensive score was 2.096, followed by fixation at 105 ℃, and the lowest was fixation with boiling water. The antioxidant activity of sample with fixation at 55 ℃ was the highest, followed by fixation with boiling water. The results of OPLS-DA showed that verbascoside, isoacteoside and catalpol were the main components causing the difference in chemical quality of the leaves from the three treatments, and the three components were positively correlated with the antioxidant activity of R. glutinosa leaves. Among them, the correlation between verbascoside and antioxidant activity was extremely significant, and the isoacteoside was significant. ConclusionThe chemical quality and antioxidant activity of R. glutinosa leaves are affected by the method of fixation, and the fixation at low temperature is the best primary processing method of R. glutinosa leaves.
10."Compatibility" Relationship of Active Components and Heat-clearing and Blood-cooling Effect of Rehmannia glutinosa Roots
Yaman CHEN ; Jinpeng CUI ; Juan ZHANG ; Qingpu LIU ; Haiyan GONG ; Jingwei LEI ; Fengqing WANG ; Caixia XIE
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(12):193-201
ObjectiveTo analyze the "compatibility" relationship of sugars and glycosides and the heat-clearing and blood-cooling effect of the roots of four varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa and provide a basis for research on the pharmacodynamic material basis and quality control of R. glutinosa. MethodsThe content of sugars and glycosides in the roots of four varieties of R. glutinosa was determined during the growth period. The principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and the "compatibility" relationship of active components were employed to screen out the differential samples. A rat model of bleeding due to blood heat was used to verify the pharmacodynamic differences and the potential active components of differential samples. ResultsThe content and proportion characteristics of various components in roots of the four varieties of R. glutinosa during the expansion stage and the maturity stage had obvious differences. The proportion of phenylethanoid glycosides at the maturity stage was higher than that at the expansion stage. The R. glutinosa variety 85-5 had special quality characteristics among the tested varieties. All the samples alleviated the symptoms in the rat model. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood was different between the maturity stage and the expansion stage, as well as between 85-5 samples at the maturity stage and other samples. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood of R. glutinosa roots was the result of the combined action of multiple components in R. glutinosa roots and might be related to the high proportions of polysaccharides, iridoid glycosides, and phenylethanoid glycosides. ConclusionThe growth stage and variety affect the quality of R. glutinosa roots. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood of R. glutinosa roots was related to the content and proportions of various components. The study can provide a basis for the basic research on the active components and quality control of R. glutinosa.