White matter damage in premature infant is the main form of brain damage in low birth and very low birth weight children,but its etiology and pathogenesis is not fully clear.Present studies show that Tolllike receptors(TLR) play an important role in the white matter damage mechanism.TLRs are regulators of innate immune responses.The studies have found that TLRs signaling pathway is activated to secrete large amounts of TNF-α,IL-1β,reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen (RNS),NO,and other inflammatory factors,inducing the immune response.Nerve immune response damages brain white matter,namely the activation of microglia and proliferation of astrocytes in brain.TLRs provide a new research direction for prevention and treatment.Therefore,the research and progress of toll-like receptors in premature brain white matter injury disease are

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of naloxone on L-type calcium current (ICa-L) in isolated rat ventricular myocytes.MethodsAdult SD rats of both sexes aged 8 weeks weighing 200-250 g were used in this study.Single cardiac ventricular myocytes were enzymatically isolated from SD rats.ICa-L was measured in ventricular myocytes and recorded using whole cell patch-clamp technique.Different concentrations (20 and 100 μg/ml) of naloxone were added to the cardiomyocytes.The effect of naloxone on ICa-L was evaluated.ResultsThe peak current of ICa-L Was inhibited by naloxone in a concentration-dependent manner.Naloxone had no significant effect on steady-state activation curve.ConclusionNaloxone inhibits the L-type calcium channel of ventricular myocytes and exerts negative effect on ventricular muscle function.

TCM is the treasure of Chinese culture, and the world's cultural treasure as well. 21st century is the age of information, so China has been using information technology to speed up the internationalization of TCM. With overall expanding of system engineering of TCM informatization, wisdom medicine has become a growth industry, which leads to the demand for high-end information technology talents and management talents. Based on the data of informatization talents training in TCM colleges and universities in China, this article made a statistical analysis, and carried out the related discussion on the cultivation model for characteristics and high-end interdisciplinary TCM informatization talents.

Objective To know the situation of the water environment in the Eling Lake Area and provide the theoretical basis for protecting the biosystem of this area. Methods The water samples were collected from the sites 0.5 meters below the water surface of input and output water area, the water area near the east and west bank of the Eling Lake, the center of the lake, and also from the sites 0.5 meters above the bottom of the lake .The water sampling was carried out in August 2005, October 2005 and May 2006. Country standard method was used to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of water samples. The sampling, determination and evaluation in the investigation were according to related standard regulations. Results The water temperature was 5.6 ℃, pH value was 8.49, the total amount of Ca2+ and Mg2+, suspended matter, chlorides, sulfate, DO, COD, BOD5, Cu2+ and Zn2+ were 95.4 mg/L, 87.0 mg/L, 45.0 mg/L, 80.0 mg/L, 7.1mg/L, 11.0 mg/L, 2.0 mg/L, 0.002 mg/L and 0.009 mg/L respectively. Conclusion All of the physical and chemical characteristics of the water samples meet the water quality criterion of the class ruled by GB 3838-2002, and the water can be used as source water.

Objective To study the feasibility and efficacy of operative method of maximal thymectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS)for myasthenia gravis(MG).Methods From August 2005 to June 2007,27 patients with MG received maximal thymectomy by VATS(VATS group).The thymus and fat tissues in the anterior and upper mediastinum were resected.Patients who received transsternal thymectomy from May 2004 to July 2005 served as a control(conventional group).Results In the VATS group,the maximal thymectomy by VATS was completed in 26 patients,one patient was converted to open surgery because of the injury to the brachiocephalic vein.Compared with the conventional group,the patients in the VATS group had fewer blood loss [(46.0?5.7)ml vs(120.0?18.8)ml,t=-19.231,P=0.000],lower level of analgesic requirement(3 vs 12,?2=7.068,P=0.008),and shorter postoperative hospital stay [(7.0?1.2)d vs(11.0?2.5)d,t=-7.379,P=0.000].There was no significant difference in the operation time,myasthenia gravis crisis,and surgical outcomes between the two groups.Conclusions Maximal thymectomy by VATS is feasible and safe for patients with MG.Patients have shorter hospitalization,less surgical trauma and pain,lower rate of complication,and quicker recovery after the treatment.Further studies are needed to investigate its long-term efficacy

Objective To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and patient acceptance of a vacuum-assisted, hand-held biopsy device(Mammotome) in minimally traumatic percutaneous removal of multiple breast masses in female patients under real-time ultrasound guidance. Methods Forty-three women with 99 low-risk multiple palpable masses were involved in the study. Forty-one breast lesions with the diameter between 9 and 20mm, and 58 with the diameter between 21 and 33mm, were removed by the aid of a vacuum-assisted, hand-held biopsy device with 11-gauge or 8-gauge probes. The pathological examination and follow-up evaluation were performed after the procedure. Results The imaged lesions were completely removed successfully from 27 patients and 16 patients using the 8-guage probe and 11-gauge probe, respectively. Most of the lesions were proved to be breast fibroadenoma by pathological examination. No evidence of recurrence was found by physical examination and the ultrasound evaluation during the follow-up period. Most patients were satisfied with the incision, postoperative breast appearance, and the procedure results. Conclusions Minimally traumatic percutaneous removal of palpable benign breast masses using the Mammotome system with ultrasound guidance is feasible, safe, and yields high patient satisfaction.

Objective To investigate the changes in semen of chronic prostatitis patients and their impact on the fertile status. Methods The semen of 86 chronic prostatitis patients and 32 fertile volunteers were analyzed,and the main semen parameters of two groups were compared. Results The mean semen volume, sperm motility and normal sperm morphology of the prostitis patients were 2.08 ml,65.43% and 62.14% respectively,significantly lower than those of fertile men( P = 0.003 , P

AIM:To investigate the expression of estrogen receptors in myocardium of ovariectomized female rats.METHODS:One week after bilateral ovariectomy,the female SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly:OVX +estrogen(0.15 mg/kg,s.c.),OVX + normal sodium and control.After 4 weeks of treatment,the expression of estrogen receptors in the myocardium were evaluated by Western blotting.RESULTS:After ovariectomy,serum estrogen decreased significantly,compared with control[(88?22 vs 403?59)pmol/L,P

Objective A quantitative study of the DNA skeletal muscle cell nuclei during 0～96h postmortem was performed.Method By the histochemical and image analysis.Result The color and the areas of the nuclei stained with the Feulgen staining method became fainter and smaller gradually at 12 hpm. There was a linear relationship between the degradation rate of the nuclear DNA and the length of the PMI.Conclusion The quantitative image analysis of DNA has a wide prospect of application, but the method has been studied further in aspects of the precise and standadization of the method as well as the effects exerted on the results from the study materials.

Objective To evaluate the expression of ?-defensin-2(BD-2) gene and protein with ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) in the old and grown rats.Methods Fifty-eight normal healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the old group(400～460 g,15～18 months,n=29) and grown group(280～320 g,4～6 months,n=29).Each rat received ventilation(VT=12 ml/kg) through tracheal tube for 24h and was challenged intra-tracheally with Pseudomonas aeruginosa(0.2 ml).The mRNA and protein levels of BD-2 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis respectively. Results Compared with the grown group,the rats had more severe interstitial pulmonary edema in the old group.There was no dominant difference in BD-2 mRNA and protein expression between the grown group and old group within 3 h,but BD-2 expressions in the grown group were significantly higher at 3 h,6 h,12 h,1 d,2 d and 3 d than those in the old group(P