Objective To explore the effect of auricular plaster therapy on associated symptoms and quality of life in patients with constipation induced by strong opioid drugs for pain.Methods A total of 60 patients selected were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 30 cases in each group.The intervention group was treated with auriculotherapy based on the pattern/syndrome differentiation after detecting the auricular sensitive acupoints' distribution in patients with opioid-induced constipation after receiving opioid therapy.BFI,self-made scale on symptoms accompanied by constipation and PAC-QOL were used to collect data about constipation symptoms and the level of quality of life before or after the intervention,and still with a subset of the intervention group followed for more than two weeks.Results The BFI and PAC-QOL scores of the intervention and control group were lower after intervention,and the decline score of the two groups showed significant difference.But for the self-made scale,the score of each item was slightly lower compared with that before treatment,which showed no statistically significant difference between groups.A follow-up of 2 weeks showed that the long-term efficacy of auricular plaster therapy was significantly lower than before,but was less desirable than short-term.Conclusions Scientific and reasonable choice of acupoint prescription according to syndrome differentiation can effectively improve symptoms accompanied by constipation and patients' quality of life.

Outbreaks of pseudorabies (PR) have occurred in southern China since late 2011, resulting in significant economic impacts on the swine industry. To identify the cause of PR outbreaks, especially among vaccinated pigs, 11 pseudorabies virus (PRV) field strains were isolated from Guangdong province during 2013–2014. Their major viral genes (gE, TK, gI, PK, gD, 11K, and 28K) were analyzed in this study. Insertions or deletions were observed in gD, gE, gI and PK genes compared with other PRV isolates from all over the world. Furthermore, sequence alignment showed that insertions in gD and gE were unique molecular characteristics of the new prevalent PRV strains in China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that our isolates were clustered in an independent branch together with other strains isolated from China in recent years, and that they showed a closer genetic relationship with earlier isolates from Asia. Our results suggest that these isolates are novel PRV variants with unique molecular signatures.
Asia ; China* ; Disease Outbreaks ; Genes, Viral ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid* ; Pseudorabies* ; Sequence Alignment ; Swine

The incidence of allergic diseases has been increasing year by year worldwide.The research of allergen detection,diagnosis of allergic diseases,as well as its prevention and treatment are inseparable from suitable effector cell lines.The current arti-cle highlights the basic characteristics of main effector cell lines for allergic diseases(mast cells and basophils),and focuses on the applications of effector cell lines in allergic diseases.The present review aimed to lay the foundation for the research on diagnosis and treatment for allergic diseases.

Objective To explore the effect of intermediate care on daily life ability of subacute stroke patients after discharge.Methods A total of 64 subacute stroke patients between June 2015 and June 2016 in our hospital were selected, including 20 cases of cerebral hemorrhage, 22 cases of cerebral infarction, and 22 cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage. They were randomly divided into observation group ( n=32) and control group ( n=32) . The intermediate care was performed by the care team according to the plan in observation group and the traditional care was provided in control group. The daily life ability, complications and rehospitalization rate were compared between two groups after discharge.Results There was no significant difference in the score of Barther between two groups at discharge (P>0.05). The scores of Barther in observation group were higher than those in control group at 2 w, 4 w, and 6 w after discharge, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . After 6w after discharge, there were 2 cases of complications in observation group, including 1 case of gastric tube detachment and 1 case of aspiration of gastric contents. There were 10 cases of complications in control group, including 4 cases of pressure ulcer, 3 cases of gastric tube blockage or detachment, 1 case of aspiration of gastric contents, and 2 cases of urinary tract infection. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (χ2=6.564,P<0.05) . The rehospitalization rate in observation group was lower than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions The intermediate care can improve the daily life ability, decrease the complications and rehospitalization rate of subacute stroke patients after discharge.

Objective:To systematically search and evaluate risk prediction models for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) of ICU in order to provide references for developing higher-quality VAP risk prediction models.Methods:Relevant literature was retrieved from databases including China Biology Medicine disc, WanFang data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The search timeframe was from the establishment of the databases to September 30, 2023, limited to English and Chinese languages. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted data, and the PROBAST tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias and applicability of the included studies.Results:A total of 15 studies on VAP risk prediction models were included. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the 15 models ranged from 0.722 to 0.982. The most frequently involved predictors were age, duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, and comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The overall adaptability was good, but the risk of bias was high. The main sources of bias included insufficient sample size, inappropriate data sources, lack of model performance evaluation, and inadequate attention to missing data.Conclusions:The risk of bias in studies on VAP risk prediction models is high, indicating that the field is still developing. Future research should focus on the effectiveness of different risk assessment methods to construct models with low bias, excellent predictive performance, and suitability for clinical practice in China.

OBJECTIVETo characterize the mutation spectrum of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene and perform prenatal diagnosis for families with classical phenylketonuria.

METHODSBy stratified sequencing, mutations were detected in the exons and flaking introns of PAH gene of 44 families with classical phenylketonuria. 47 fetuses were diagnosed by combined sequencing with linkage analysis of three common short tandem repeats (STR) (PAH-STR, PAH-26 and PAH-32) in the PAH gene.

RESULTSThirty-one types of mutations were identified. A total of 84 mutations were identified in 88 alleles (95.45%), in which the most common mutation have been R243Q (21.59%), EX6-96A>G (6.82%), IVS4-1G>A (5.86%) and IVS7+2T>A (5.86%). Most mutations were found in exons 3, 5, 6, 7, 11 and 12. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of these three STR markers was 0.71 (PAH-STR), 0.48 (PAH-26) and 0.40 (PAH-32), respectively. Prenatal diagnosis was performed successfully with the combined method in 47 fetuses of 44 classical phenylketonuria families. Among them, 11 (23.4%) were diagnosed as affected, 24 (51.1%) as carriers, and 12 (25.5%) as unaffected.

CONCLUSIONPrenatal diagnosis can be achieved efficiently and accurately by stratified sequencing of PAH gene and linkage analysis of STR for classical phenylketonuria families.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fetal Diseases ; diagnosis ; enzymology ; genetics ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Middle Aged ; Pedigree ; Phenylalanine Hydroxylase ; genetics ; Phenylketonurias ; diagnosis ; enzymology ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Young Adult

Background Air pollution exposure has a significant impact on maternal and child health. However, the research on the association between ambient ozone (O₃) exposure during pregnancy and the risk of premature birth in newborns is limited, and the conclusions are inconsistent. Objective To investigate the association of ambient O₃ exposure during pregnancy with the risk of preterm birth in Guangdong Province. Methods Data of pregnant women in Guangzhou from 2013 to 2019 and Foshan from 2018 to 2023 were collected, and O₃ concentrations during different trimesters were assessed according to maternal residential addresses. Bilinear interpolation was used to evaluate the concentrations of air pollution. A cohort study design was adopted in our study. Restricted cubic spline curves were used to evaluate the exposure-response relationship between O₃ exposure and preterm birth risk and explore potential exposure threshold of O₃. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of O₃ exposure with preterm birth. Results A total of 702 924 pregnant women were included in this study, of whom 43 051 (6.12%) were preterm. The average O₃ exposure concentrations of pregnant women during the first, second, third, and whole trimesters were 95.51, 97.51, 100.60, and 97.87 μg·m⁻³, respectively. We observed J-shaped associations between O₃ exposure and preterm birth risk during the second, third, and whole trimesters of pregnancy using restricted cubic spline curves. This study found that there were threshold concentrations between O₃ exposure and preterm birth risk during different gestational periods, and the threshold concentrations in the first, second, third, and whole trimesters were 112.32, 99.83, 111.74, and 112.46 μg·m⁻³, respectively. During the second, third, and whole trimesters of pregnancy, after adjusting for maternal age, baby sex, pre-pregnancy body mass index, mode of delivery, baby birth weight, gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension, the odds ratios (OR) of preterm birth were 1.02 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.04), 1.02 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.03), and 1.17 (95%CI: 1.13, 1.21) for each 10 μg·m⁻³ increase in O₃ concentration above the O₃ threshold. No significant association was found between O₃ exposure and the risk of preterm birth during the first trimester. Conclusion There is a nonlinear association between the risk of preterm birth and O₃ exposure during pregnancy, and higher concentrations of O₃ exposure during pregnancy are associated with the risk of preterm birth. Above the O₃ threshold concentration during pregnancy, especially during the second, third, and whole trimesters, the risk of preterm birth elevates with the increase of O₃ exposure concentrations.

ObjectiveTo investigate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） combined with electrohydraulic lithotripsy under the direct view of eyeMax biliary-pancreatic imaging system in the treatment of difficult choledocholithiasis. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 12 patients with difficult choledocholithiasis who underwent ERCP and electrohydraulic lithotripsy under the direct view of eyeMax biliary-pancreatic imaging system in Department of Gastroenterology， Jilin People’s Hospital， from May to November 2022. The clinical effect of lithotripsy and lithotomy was observed， and postoperative complications and time of surgical operation were assessed. ResultsAmong the 12 patients， 11 （91.67%） were successfully treated by electrohydraulic lithotripsy under direct view， 9 （75.00%） achieved first-attempt success in lithotripsy， and 11 （91.67%） had complete removal of calculi； 1 patient was found to have stenosis of the bile ducts caused by multiple biliary tract surgeries， and grade Ⅱ intrahepatic bile duct stones above the sites of stenosis were removed under direct view， but there were still residues of grade Ⅲ intrahepatic bile duct stones， which led to the fact that complete calculus removal was not achieved. The mean time of ERCP operation was 91.3±26.2 minutes， including a time of 41.8±22.2 minutes for energy lithotripsy. There were 2 cases of postoperative biliary tract infection which were improved after anti-infective therapy， 2 cases of hyperamylasemia which were not given special treatment， and 3 cases of mild pancreatitis which were improved after symptomatic medication， and there were no complications such as bleeding and perforation. ConclusionERCP combined with electrohydraulic lithotripsy under the direct view of eyeMax biliary-pancreatic imaging system is safe， effective， and feasible in the treatment of difficult choledocholithiasis.

The aim of this study was to develop a semi-quantitative immunochromatographic method for rapid detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibodies by expressing HN protein in rice endosperm bioreactor. The recombinant plasmid pUC57-HN was digested by MlyⅠ and XhoⅠ to retrieve the HN gene, while the intermediate vector pMP3 containing promoter, signal peptide and terminator was digested by NaeⅠ and XhoⅠ. The HN gene and the linearized pMP3 were purified and ligated to form a recombinant plasmid pMP3-HN1. Subsequently, pMP3-HN1 and plant vector pCAMBIA1300 were digested by EcoRⅠ and Hind Ⅲ, and the HN1 gene was cloned into pCAMBIA1300. The recombinant plasmid pCAMBIA1300-HN1 was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 by electrotransformation, and the pCAMBIA1300-HN1 was transferred into rice callus by agrobacterium-mediated method. After dark culture, callus screening, differentiation, rooting and transplanting, transgenic rice seeds were obtained 4 months later. PCR identified that the HN gene has been inserted into the rice genome. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting indicated that the HN protein was successfully expressed in the positive rice endosperm. The purity of the HN protein was more than 90% by SP cation exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. According to the national standards for the diagnostic techniques of Newcastle disease HI test (HI≥4log₂, positive antibody reaction), a colloidal gold labeled purified HN protein was used to prepare a semi-quantitative test strip by double-antibody sandwich method for rapid detection of NDV antibody. The results showed that the test strip did not cross-react with positive sera against other viruses, and the sensitivity of the test strip reached 1:102 400 for standard positive sera of Newcastle disease. Testing of a total of 308 clinical sera showed that the compliance rate of the test strip with HI test was 97.08%, and the Kappa value was 0.942. In conclusion, high purity recombinant HN protein was obtained from rice endosperm, and a simple, rapid, highly sensitive and highly specific semi-quantitative immunochromatographic strip was developed. The test strip could be used for immune evaluation of the Newcastle disease vaccine.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Chickens ; HN Protein/metabolism* ; Newcastle Disease/prevention & control* ; Newcastle disease virus/metabolism* ; Oryza/genetics*