Objective To describe the elderly care needs of older residents living in residential care facilities in Nanchang.Methods Three residential care facilities were purposefully selected and 19 residents were interviewed.The datum were tape-recorded,transcribed in full and then analyzed to identify the main patterns of responses.Results The elderly care needs of older residents in residential care facilities were generated four themes including the body,environment,mind,preparation for death.Conclusions China should establish endowment institutions endowment service needs assessment index system,improve the system of pension agency grading nursing.Enhance communication between pension institutions and medical institutions,to meet the demand for skilled nursing skills in the old man.Carrot and stick,reasonable allocation of resources,physical and social environment of hoisting mechanism,to meet the old man's psychological demand and the demand for environment.Enhancement of the humanistic care of dying old man,to meet the needs of stay in the old man to the hospice.

Objective To discuss the ability of nursing major undergraduate students in disaster response in order to construct undergraduate's disaster response ability evaluation system.Methods Delphi method was used to draw the evaluation system framework on the basis of consulting literature material and analyzing theories.35 related experts attended it.The choice was evaluated according to the 5 classification Likert evaluation method.Results Consensus was reached after two rounds inst.Questionnaire recovery rate was 100％.Construct undergraduate's disaster response ability evaluation system with 3 first-level indexes,12 second-level indexes,37 third-level indexes.Conclusions The undergraduate's disaster response ability evaluation system based on Delphi experts method is reliable.It can provide reference for the nursing major undergraduate student's disaster response training and research.

Objectiev To explore the use of different nebulizer to establish mice model that have airway eosinophilic inflam -mation without airway hyperresponsiveness .Methods Female BALB/c mice were obtained and divided randomly into 3 groups:eo-sinophilic airway inflammation group ( experimental group ) , asthma group, and control group .Mice were immunized with ovalbumin ( OVA) .The experiment group and asthma group were challenged with an aerosol of 1% w/v OVA using a PARI TIA and PARI LC STAR nebulizer on day 28, 29, 30, respectively.The control mice were received saline sensitization and challenge .Airway respon-siveness was measured .Cell different counts in bronchial alveolus lavage fluid ( BALF) were performed and a pathologist performed histopathological evaluation of the trachea and lung .Results Airway responsiveness in the experimental group was not significantly different compared with the normal saline ( NS) group but was significantly different compared with the asthma group .Eosinophils in BALF were increased significantly in experimental group compared with the NS group , and significant difference was observed between experimental group and asthma group .The intensity of airway inflammation in experimental group was milder than that in the asthma model .Conclusions We established an eosinophilic bronchitis mice model without hyperresponsiveness successfully .Our model es-tablished a foundation for the further research in airway hyperresponsiveness .

Objective To study the white matter fiber integrity in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder by using MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Methods Twelve patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and twelve healthy volunteers were examined with MR T1WI、T2WI and DTI.Fractional anisotropy maps、directionally encoded color maps were created with the software of DTV-II.Fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured in the genu (anterior),body and splenium (posterior) of corpus callosum,horizontal part and posterior part of the bilateral cingulste fibers.Results In normal volunteers group,FA measurements in white matter regions were normal and reconstructed FA images and directionally encoded color(DEC) maps could display main white fibers in normal controls.The FA value of the splenium (posterior) of corpus callosum and horizontal part of the bilateral cingulate fibers was significant lower in PTSD patients than in normal controls (P<0.05).Conclusions The fiber bundle of the limbic system in patients with PTSD may have structural abnornalities.

Objective: To explore the effect of behavioral activation (BA) therapy on depressive mood and behavioral characteristics among subliminal depressed nursing students, and to provide a reference for effective mental health education to nursing students. Methods: A cluster sampling method was used to select 614 sophomore nursing students from a medical college in Jiangxi Province. Sixty subjects who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study, and divided into a control group and an intervention group using a random number table method, with 30 participants in each group. The control group received general mental health education, and the intervention group participated in a BA intervention on the basis of general mental health education. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D), Beck Depression Inventory II(BDI-II) and the Behavioral Activation For Depression Scale Short Form (BADS-SF) were used to evaluate students depression status before, immediately after, and 1 month after the intervention, respectively. Results: The time effect, group effect, and time group interaction of the CES-D, BDI-II and BADS-SF scores of the two groups of students were all statistically significant ( F =82.78, 9.65, 69.92; 42.19, 10.52, 13.50; 15.59 , 19.61, 8.49, P <0.01). Immediately after the intervention and 1 month after the intervention, the CES-D and BDI-II scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the BADS-SF score of the intervention group (14.63±4.63, 14.80±4.85; 11.23±4.98, 11.13±5.53) was significantly lower than that of the control group (22.67±6.70, 22.13±5.66; 17.57±9.59, 18.37±7.91); the differences were all statistically significant ( P <0.05). Conclusion BA shows lasting effects on alleviating depressive symptoms among nursing students with subthreshold depression, improve their behavioral activation level, and have a lasting effect. Nursing educators can improve the depression of nursing students and improve their mental health through individual BA.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among adults in rural areas of Ningxia Hui autonomous region.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 639 adults enrolled with a multistage method from Jingyuan County.The MS was identified according to Chinese type 2 diabetes prevention guide (2013).Results Among all the subjects, 17.4% of them met the MS definition with the standardized prevalence of 14.7% after adjustment of sex and age.The prevalence and standardized rate of MS in men were 19.9% and 17.3%, and in women were 15.3% and 13.5%.The prevalence of MS in men was higher than that in women(P<0.001) and increased with aging in both genders.The prevalence and standardized rate of abdominal obesity,hyperglycemia,hypertension,high triglycerides,and low HDL-C were 19.5% and 16.7%, 15.0% and 12.9%, 42.0% and 37.1%, 25.8% and 23.1%, 28.5% and 27.7%,respectively.The rate of abdominal obesity was higher in women than in men (20.5% vs 18.2%, P=0.004), whereas the rate of hypertension, high triglycerides, and low HDL-C were higher in men than in women (all P<0.01).The prevalence of having one parameter of the MS was 68.4%.Conclusion The prevalence of MS is higher in rural areas of Ningxia Hui autonomous region, suggesting that a series of comprehensive prevention measures should be carried out to prevent and control the MS so as to improve the public health conditions in rural areas.

Objective:To explore the correlation between post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),resilience and quality of life of front-line medical staff in public health emergencies.Methods:From Nov to Dec 2020,the medical staff of 4 COVID-19 designated hospitals in Wuhan were investigated with the general demographic questionnaire,10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and Simplify Qualify of Life Scale.Spearman correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used to investigate the correlation between PTSD,resilience and quality of life.Results:A total of 545 questionnaires were collected in this survey and the valid effective rate was 97.8% (533/545).The score of psychological resilience,PTSD and quality of life of medical staff were 26(20,30),17(8,25),and 20(18,23),respectively.And 13.1% (70/533)of medical staff had obvious PTSD symptoms.There were significant differences in the score of quality of life among medical staff with different genders,occupations and PTSD levels.Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the score of PTSD was negatively correlated with quality of life and psychological resilience(r=-0.488 and-0.464,P＜0.01).The score of psychological resilience was positively correlated with the score of quality of life(r =0.578,P＜0.01).Psychological resilience and PTSD were important predictors of quality of life,with an explanatory capacity of 37.0% .Conclusions:PTSD is a risk factor for quality of life,and psychological resilience is a protective factor for quality of life.In public health emergencies,improving psychological resilience,preventing and treating PTSD can improve the quality of life of medical staff.

PURPOSE: Extensive data support the influence of the upper airway on lower airway inflammation and pathophysiology in allergic disease. However, few studies have focused on allergic inflammation in the nose after an isolated lower airway allergen challenge, a situation that can exist clinically when human subjects breathe primarily through the mouth, as occurs when nasally congested. This study used a mouse model to investigate whether upper airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness were induced by an isolated lower airway allergen challenge. METHODS: BALB/c mice were sensitized by systemic intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin/saline and challenged with intratracheal ovalbumin/saline. Inflammation in the nose and lungs was assessed by cytology and histology of nasal tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), while nasal airway resistance and response were measured over 3 days post-challenge. RESULTS: Intratracheal application of an allergen in anaesthetized mice resulted in exclusive deposition in the lower airway. Compared to control animals, ovalbumin-sensitized mice after challenge showed bronchial hyperreactivity and increased IL-5 in the serum BALF, as well as eosinophil infiltration in the lungs. However, nasal histology of the ovalbumin-sensitized mice showed no increase in eosinophil infiltration. The nasal lavage fluid revealed no increase in eosinophils or IL-5, and the nasal airway resistance did not increase after challenge either. CONCLUSIONS: In a mouse allergy model, exclusive allergen challenge of the lower airway can elicit a pulmonary and systemic allergic response, but does not induce upper airway inflammatory or physiological responses.
Airway Resistance ; Animals ; Asthma* ; Bronchial Hyperreactivity ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Eosinophils ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Inflammation* ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Interleukin-5 ; Lung ; Mice ; Mouth ; Nasal Lavage Fluid ; Nose* ; Rhinitis

Chitinase AO-801 is a hydrolase secreted by Arthrobotrys oligospora during nematode feeding, while its role remained elusive. This study analyzed the molecular characteristics of recombinant chitinase of Arthrobotrys oligospora (reAO-801). AO-801 belongs to the typical glycoside hydrolase 18 family with conserved chitinase sequence and tertiary structure of (α/β)8 triose-phosphate isomerase (TIM) barrel. The molecular weight of reAO-801 was 42 kDa. reAO-801 effectively degraded colloidal and powdered chitin, egg lysate, and stage I larval lysate of Caenorhabditis elegans. The activity of reAO-801 reached its peak at 40˚C and pH values between 4-7. Enzyme activity was inhibited by Zn2+, Ca2+, and Fe3+, whereas Mg2+ and K+ potentiated its activity. In addition, urea, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 2-mercaptoethanol significantly inhibited enzyme activity. reAO-801 showed complete nematicidal activity against C. elegans stage I larvae. reAO-801 broke down the C. elegans egg shells, causing them to die or die prematurely by hatching the eggs. It also invoked degradation of Haemonchus contortus eggs, resulting in apparent changes in the morphological structure. This study demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of reAO-801, which laid the foundation for further dissecting the mechanism of nematode infestation by A. oligospora.

The clinical presentation,chest image and electrocardiogram of 4 cases of premature complex-induced chronic cough admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 2008 to February 2009,were retrospectively analyzed.And other 6 cases of premature complex-induced chronic cough were retrieved for literature review.In total 10 patients,there were 3 males and 7 females aged 58(36-74) years,with a disease duration of 10.5 (3.0,264.0) months.The main clinical presentations were chronic dry cough with post-sternal thump and premature beats as shown by auscultation and 24 h-electrocardiogram examination.Cough was relieved after the premature beats were controlled with the treatment of arrhythmia drugs or radiofrequency ablation.Premature complex-induced cough is rare but it should be considered when the chief complaint of patients with premature beat is chronic cough.