Objective To compare three methods for detecting extend-spectrum ?-latamases (ESBL s) and investigate current resistance of ESBL s.Methods 538 isolates of Enterobacter were detected by VITEK-AMS, compound piece type confirm test, and double-disk synergy test.Results 20.1% (108/538) was found to be ESBL s positive by VITCK-AMS. The positive rate of ceftaxime/clavulanic acid and ceftaxime compound pieces test was 19.5% (105/538). The positive rate of double-disk synergy test was 13.0%. The resistant rate of 12 antibiotics to ESBL s positive strains was significantly higher than ESBL s negative strains.Conclusions It is important to select the proper and rapid method to detect ESBL s in time.

Objective To establish an orthotopic transplantation tumor model of pancreatic cancer derived from transgenic LSL-KrasG12D/+ LSL-Trp53R172H/+ Pdx1-Cre(KPC)mice.To provide a stable and reliable drug preclinical research animal model to study the developmental mechanism and treatment strategies of pancreatic cancer.Methods Tumor tissue derived from KPC transgenic mice with spontaneous pancreatic cancer was transplanted into the C57BL/6J mouse pancreas.Ultrasound was used to monitor tumor growth.HE and immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate the pathological characteristics of this model.Results The tumor derived from KPC mice grew steadily on the pancreas of C57BL/6J mice.Tumor cell proliferation index Ki67,matrix fibrosis marker αSMA,and immune cell markers CD45 and CD206 were all stably expressed in the tumor.The model stably retained the pathological features of primary pancreatic cancer.Widespread tumor metastases,which were similar to those observed in patients with pancreatic cancer,developed in this model.Conclusions An orthotopic transplantation model derived from a transgenic mouse with spontaneous pancreatic cancer was established successfully.The model simulates the stromal environment and immune cell infiltration of pancreatic cancer and retains strong stability and uniformity with the original tumor.It can be used as an effective drug preclinical research model to study pancreatic cancer progression and treatment strategies.

Objective:To study the association between urethral configuration and mobility and female stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Methods:This was a prospective study in 176 women with pure SUI and 132 healthy women who undertook transperineal ultrasound in Second Xiangya Hospital between July 2017 and April 2020. Urethral funneling, bladder neck descent (BND) and rotation, retrovesical angle (RVA), and urethral mobility of 6 points along the urethra (Vectors 1 to 6) were measured by transperineal ultrasound during the cough stress test (CST). The differences between the two groups were tested using independent t-test. The relationship between ultrasound findings and SUI was analyzed by ROC curve and Logistic regression analysis. Results:Urethral funneling was found in 27.8% of women with SUI and 3.0% of controlled women.BND [(25.2±7.4)mm vs (21.5±8.6)mm], RVA [(171.5±26.3)° vs (159.4±26.6)°] and Vectors 1-6 [(2.97±0.89), (2.93±0.75), (2.67±0.67), (2.34±0.66), (2.27±0.67) , (2.36±0.69) vs (2.59±1.03), (2.54±0.83), (2.27±0.64), (1.99±0.50), (1.94±0.49), (2.05±0.53)] were significantly increased in SUI group (all P≤0.001). Logistic regression analysis yielded odds ratios of 10.06(95% CI=4.18-24.20), 2.71(95% CI=1.81-4.05) and 3.21(95% CI=2.01-5.14) for urethral funneling, Vector 3 and Vector 4 to predict for SUI, respectively. Conclusions:Transperineal ultrasound can be used to evaluate the real-time change of the bladder neck and urethral configuration and mobility in CST. Urethral funneling and mid-urethral hypermobility can be used to predict SUI.

Background: and Purpose Collateral circulation is considered an important factor affecting the risk of stroke, but the factors that affect collateral circulation remain unclear. This study was performed to identify the factors associated with collateral circulation, especially blood lipids. Methods: The study involved patients who had undergone digital subtraction angiography and were confirmed as having severe unilateral stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA). We classified the collateral circulation status of each patient as good (Grade 3 or 4) or poor (Grade 0, 1, or 2) according to the grading system of the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/American Society of Interventional Radiology. We collected data on patients’ characteristics and identified the factors that affect collateral circulation. Results: This study included 212 patients. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration and a complete anterior half of the circle of Willis were independent protective factors for good collateral circulation, whereas elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and serum creatinine concentrations were independent risk factors for good collateral circulation. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61–0.76) for HDL-C and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.62–0.76) for Lp(a). A binary logistic regression model analysis of the joint factor of HDL-C and Lp(a) yielded an AUC of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.71–0.84). Conclusions In patients with severe unilateral ICA stenosis or occlusion, the combination of HDL-C and Lp(a) is a useful predictor of collateral circulation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory effects of miR-30e-5p on biological behaviors of colorectal cancer cells and the role of PTEN/CXCL12 axis in mediating these effects. METHODS: Bioinformatic analysis was performed to explore the differential expression of miR-30e-5p between colorectal cancer tissues and normal tissues. RT-qPCR was used to detect the differential expression of miR-30e-5p in intestinal epithelial cells and colorectal cancer cells. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase assay were used to predict and validate the targeting relationship between miR-30e-5p and PTEN. Human and murine colorectal cancer cell lines were transfected with miR-30e-5p mimics, miR-30e-5p inhibitor, miR-30e-5p mimics+LV-PTEN, or miR-30e-5p inhibitor + si-PTEN. The changes in biological behaviors of the cells were detected using plate clone formation assay, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, scratch healing and Transwell assays. PTEN and CXCL12 expressions in the cancer cells were detected by Western blotting. The effects of miR-30e-5p inhibitor on colorectal carcinogenesis and development were observed in nude mice. RESULTS: Bioinformatic analysis showed that miR-30e-5p expression was significantly elevated in colorectal cancer tissues compared with the adjacent tissue (P < 0.01). Higher miR-30e-5p expression was detected in colorectal cancer cell lines than in intestinal epithelial cells (P < 0.01). Dual luciferase assay confirmed the targeting relationship between miR-30e-5p and PTEN (P < 0.05). Transfection with miR-30e-5p mimics significantly enhanced proliferation and metastasis and inhibited apoptosis of the colorectal cancer cells (P < 0.05), and co-transfection with LV-PTEN obviously reversed these changes (P < 0.05). MiR-30e-5p mimics significantly inhibited PTEN expression and enhanced CXCL12 expression in the cancer cells (P < 0.01), and miR-30e-5p inhibitor produced the opposite effect. Transfection with miR-30e-5p inhibitor caused cell cycle arrest in the cancer cells, which was reversed by co-transfection with si-PTEN (P < 0.05). In the in vivo experiments, the colorectal cancer cells transfected with miR-30e-5p inhibitor showed significantly lowered tumorigenesis. CONCLUSION Overexpression of miR-30e-5p promotes the malignant behaviors of colorectal cancer cells by downregulating PTEN to activate the CXCL12 axis.
Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation/physiology* ; Mice, Nude ; Cell Movement/physiology* ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Luciferases/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism* ; Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism*

The current document is based on a consensus reached by a panel of experts from the Chinese Society of Allergy and the Chinese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rhinology Group. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects approximately 8% of Chinese adults. The inflammatory and remodeling mechanisms of CRS in the Chinese population differ from those observed in the populations of European descent. Recently, precision medicine has been used to treat inflammation by targeting key biomarkers that are involved in the process. However, there are no CRS guidelines or a consensus available from China that can be shared with the international academia. The guidelines presented in this paper cover the epidemiology, economic burden, genetics and epigenetics, mechanisms, phenotypes and endotypes, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, management, and the current status of CRS in China. These guidelines—with a focus on China—will improve the abilities of clinical and medical staff during the treatment of CRS. Additionally, they will help international agencies in improving the verification of CRS endotypes, mapping of eosinophilic shifts, the identification of suitable biomarkers for endotyping, and predicting responses to therapies. In conclusion, these guidelines will help select therapies, such as pharmacotherapy, surgical approaches and innovative biotherapeutics, which are tailored to each of the individual CRS endotypes.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biomarkers ; China ; Consensus ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy ; Eosinophils ; Epidemiology ; Epigenomics ; Genetics ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Inflammation ; International Agencies ; Medical Staff ; Neck ; Phenotype ; Precision Medicine

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem that causes major illnesses and disabilities worldwide. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of AR has increased progressively over the last few decades in more developed countries and currently affects up to 40% of the population worldwide. Likewise, a rising trend of AR has also been observed over the last 2–3 decades in developing countries including China, with the prevalence of AR varying widely in these countries. A survey of self-reported AR over a 6-year period in the general Chinese adult population reported that the standardized prevalence of adult AR increased from 11.1% in 2005 to 17.6% in 2011. An increasing number of original articles and imporclinical trials on the epidemiology, pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnosis, management and comorbidities of AR in Chinese subjects have been published in international peer-reviewed journals over the past 2 decades, and substantially added to our understanding of this disease as a global problem. Although guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of AR in Chinese subjects have also been published, they have not been translated into English and therefore not generally accessible for reference to non-Chinese speaking international medical communities. Moreover, methods for the diagnosis and treatment of AR in China have not been standardized entirely and some patients are still treated according to regional preferences. Thus, the present guidelines have been developed by the Chinese Society of Allergy to be accessible to both national and international medical communities involved in the management of AR patients. These guidelines have been prepared in line with existing international guidelines to provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of AR in China.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; China ; Comorbidity ; Developed Countries ; Developing Countries ; Diagnosis* ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Epidemiology ; Global Health ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis, Allergic*

Objective    To evaluate the effect of fast track surgery (FTS) after esophageal cancer surgery. Methods    The randomized controlled trial (RCT) and observational studies about FTS for esophageal cancer in PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、CBM、CNKI and WanFang databases were searched up to May 2017. Then the studies were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by two researchers. Data were analyzed by Stata12.0 software. Results     Totally 13 RCTs and 5 observational studies with 2 447 patients were eligible for analysis. Compared with the control group, incidence of postoperative complications (OR=0.53, 95%CI 0.40 to 0.71, P<0.05) significantly reduced in the FTS group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups in readmission rate (OR=1.21, 95%CI 0.83 to 1.76, P=0.313) and 30 d mortality rate (OR=0.72, 95%CI 0.43 to 1.20, P=0.207). Conclusion    FTS can safely and effectively accelerate the recovery of patients with esophageal cancer and it owns important clinical values.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome, hypercoagulability, hypertension, and multiorgan dysfunction. Effective antivirals with safe clinical profile are urgently needed to improve the overall prognosis. In an analysis of a randomly collected cohort of 124 patients with COVID-19, we found that hypercoagulability as indicated by elevated concentrations of D-dimers was associated with disease severity. By virtual screening of a U.S. FDA approved drug library, we identified an anticoagulation agent dipyridamole (DIP) , which suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication . In a proof-of-concept trial involving 31 patients with COVID-19, DIP supplementation was associated with significantly decreased concentrations of D-dimers ( < 0.05), increased lymphocyte and platelet recovery in the circulation, and markedly improved clinical outcomes in comparison to the control patients. In particular, all 8 of the DIP-treated severely ill patients showed remarkable improvement: 7 patients (87.5%) achieved clinical cure and were discharged from the hospitals while the remaining 1 patient (12.5%) was in clinical remission.

Humans ; Asthma/drug therapy* ; Biological Therapy