Objective To observe three-dimensional(3-D) morphological features of microvessel architecture of human anaplastic astrocytoma.Methods Serial sections of human anaplastic astrocytoma were used to label microvascular endothelial cells with immunohistochemistry using anti-human FⅧ-RAg antibody.The serial images were taken and processed with computer-assisted 3-D reconstruction.Results Partial 3-D structures of the microvessels in anaplastic astrocytoma were successfully reconstructed.The morphology of the vessels was strange in their distribution and branching,which were completely different from normal microvessels of the brain.Some of the tumor vessels showed chaotic structure and some showed tubiform caecum.Conclusion Microvessels in anaplastic astrocytoma appeared multiformity and heterogeneity as well as abundance.3-D reconstruction of such features might be of significance in identifying their architecture,constructing digital tumor microvessel models and targeting the vessels in anti-angiogenesis therapy.

Objective:To analyze the correlation between psychological well-being and psychological stress of migrants who moved from Three Gorges reservoir area to other counties in Chongqing and Sichuan province.Methods:Quantitative research tool is the questionnaire including Basic Situation Questionnaire,Symptom Chick-Lis(tSCL-90)and Psychosocial Stress Survey for groups(PSSG).Results:Ac-cording to results of SCL-90,the positive rate of psychological problem was higher in migrants than that of residents(?2=17.143,P

Objective:To evaluate the different effect of TACE and TACE combined with PEI and RF in treating liver metastasis.Methods:67 patients with liver metastasis were classified as group TACE(46 cases)and combined group including TACE+PEI(7 cases) and group TACE+RF(14 cases).All patients were analyzed after treatment by follow-up、CT and their blood biochemical tests.Results:The rate of tumor shrinkage and necrosis was 46.8% and 20.7%,while the contrast group was 78.9%,49.2% respectively(P

It is therapeutically effective to apply hemopoietic growth factors to treat hemopoietic irradiation injuries, but for other tissues injuries, hemopoietic growth factors nearly do not work. At the same time, they are only suitable for the patients with severe and lower level acute radiation sickness (ARS). Besides, clinical therapeutic efficacy of marrow transplantation is not optimistic due to difficulties of marrow zygosity and severe complications such as graft versus host disease, radiation interstitial pneumonitis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could secret hemopoietic growth factors, rebuild hemopoietic microenvironment and be easily transfected by exogenous gene, which also have low immunogenicity. At present, studies on MSCs application in the treatment of radiation injuries are at the early -stage, but the precise mechanism is not clear. However, the specific characteristics can make up the disadvantage of traditional treatment of acute radiation sickness, and the clinical application is wide.

To study the lipoidal constituents of Setaria italica Beauv..Methods　The constituents were isolated by chromatography and structurally elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis.Results　The three glycerides were isolated as dilinolein (Ⅰ)， monolinolenin (Ⅱ)，α, β-digalactosyl-α′-linolenic-glyceride (Ⅲ).Conclusion　These compounds were obtained from the plant for the first time. Compound Ⅲ is a new glycolipin.

ObjectiveLevosimendan,a new calcium ion sensitizer,is currently used in the treatment of heart failure and as an option for patients with injury to the left heart or at high risk for surgery.The study tried to evaluate the effects of levosimendan and ulinastain for protecting myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury to the isolated immature rabbit hearts and investigate the possible mechanism.MethodsFifty New Zealand long-ear white immature rabbits were anesthetized and heparinized.Their hearts were rapidly removed and mounted on modified Langendorff apparatus.A left ventricle pressure monitoring line was inserted through the left atrial and mitral valve.The hearts were equilibrated with oxygenated K-H solution at 37℃ for 10 minutes.The rabbit hearts were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 hearts in each group.Hearts in group C were perfused with K-H solution,in group U were perfused with ulinastain (50000 U/kg),in group LI were perfused with Levosimendan 0.1 μmol/L,in group L2 were perfused with Levosimendan 0.3 μmol/L,and in group L + U were perfused with Ulinastain (50 000 U/kg) and Levosimendan 0.1μmol/L.The hearts were arrested with St-Thomas solution for 30 min.Hearts in each group underwent 30 min-reperfusion with the same solutions after 30 min-global myocardial ischemia.Heart rate ( HR) Jeft ventricular pressure ( LVP) and LVdp/dtMax were monitored.Effluent from coronary sinus was collected at time of ischemia /reperfusion for measuring the concentration of TNF-α,IL-6,CK and cTnI.ResultsLVP and LVdp/dt in group L1,L2 and L + U were better than those in group C and U.But the heart rates in group L2 were higher than in other groups.Concentrations of CK,cTnI,TNF-α and IL-6 in the effluent from coronary sinus at 0、10 and 30 min of reperfusion were significantly lower in group L + U than in the other groups.ConclusionLevosimendan may have the similar effects with ulinastain in reducing the reperfusion injury to the immature myocardium.The protective effect of levosimendan (0.1 μmol/L) in combination with ulinastain (50 000 U/kg) was better than that of levosimendan or ulinastain alone.

Objective To study the roles of phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2) and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury(ALI) of rabbits induced by intravascular injection of endotoxin (ET), as well as the protective effects of chloroquine. Methods Rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups: control group, ET group, and ET+chloroquine group(n=8). Acute lung injury was induced by intravascular injection of ET (500?g/kg). The arterial blood gas analysis and serum PLA 2 activity were measured before and after the ET challenge. At the end of the experiment, PLA 2 activity, content of malodialdchyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in lung tissue were assayed. Electron microscope and light microscope were used to observe the pathological injuries in the pulmonary tissue. Results Compared with saline controls, rabbits treated with ET manifested signs of ALI, such as the decrease of PaO 2(P

Thyroid cancer is one of the commonest head and neck cancer. According to the recent research, VI lymph nodes (also called the front area, including thyrocricoid lymph nodes, tracheal surrounding lymph nodes, thyroid surrounding lymph node,recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph nodes, retropharyngeal lymph nodes) is the most common site of involvement in the differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Thyrocricoid lymph nodes known as the Delphian lymph node(DLN) is located between the thyroid cartilage and the cricoid cartilage. The DLN is one of the most accurate predictor. This paper reviewed the clinical significance of the DLN, the role of DLN metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer, and the relationship between tumor size, multicentricity and DLN metastasis. We also discussed the association between DLN metastasis and additional central compartment metastasis, as well as lateral compartment metastasis.
Carcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neck ; Neck Dissection ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To investigate the changes in interleukin-19(IL-19)in lungs of rabbits with acute lung injury(ALI)induced by endotoxin(ET),so as to study the mechanism of injury of ET to the lung and the protective mechanism of meloxicam.Methods Twenty four male Japanese flap-eared white rabbit was randomly assigned to three groups:control group,ET-treated group and treatment with meloxicam group.Rabbit ALI model was replicated with intravascular ET injection(700?g/kg),and meloxicam was intravenously injected(2.5mg/kg)for treatment group.The content of IL-19 was measured with ELSIA method and the changes in malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were determined in every group.Results IL-19 expression in ET challenged group was significantly higher than that in control group(P

BACKGROUND: Fructose-1, 6-diphosphate (FDP) is an intermediate product in the course of cellular glycometabolism, and has many biological effects, such as improving cellular energy metabolism, stabilizing biological membrane, inhibiting inflammation intermedium release, antagonizing oxidation, and so on.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of oxidative stress reaction in the course of endotoxin (ET) induced acute lung injury (ALI) in flap-eared white rabbits and the antagonistic action of FDP, and to explore the therapeutic effects of FDP on ALI.DESIGN: Complete randomized group design, controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of Chinese PLA between May and December 2003. Twenty-four cleaning male flap-eared white rabbits were selected and randomly assigned into control group, injured group and interventional group with 8 animals in each group.METHODS: ①Control group: The rabbits were injected with saline (2 mL/kg) through vein. Injured group: The rabbits were injected with ET (500 μg/kg) solution dissolved in 2 mL saline through cannulation in cervical vein once within 5 minutes, and then saline was injected once (Total amount of the solution was 2 mL/kg). Interventional group: The rabbits were injected with the same amounts of ET solution within 5 minutes as that in the injured group, but FDP (300 mg/kg) solution was injected later (Total amount of solution was also 2 ml/kg). ②Peripheral blood and arterial blood were collected at 0, 0.5, 2, 4 and 6 hours in each group. Peripheral blood cell count and arterial blood gas were measured with autoblood cell analyzer and blood gas analyzer, respectively. After rabbits were sacrificed through bloodletting at the 6th hour, content of lipid peroxide (LPO) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the pulmonary tissues of rabbits were measured with barbituric acid colorimetry and pyrogallol auto-oxidizing suppression, respectively. In addition, some right lower lobes of pulmonary tissues were observed on pathology with transmission electron microscope (TEM). ③Data accorded with normal distribution and homogeneity of variance were compared by t-test, or by rank sum test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of result of arterial blood gas and blood cell count measured before experiment, after 0.5, 2, 4 and 6 hours experiment in rabbits of each group. ②Rabbits were sacrificed after 6 hours experiment, the pulmonary contents of LPO and the activities of SOD were measured, and the pathologic changes were also examined.RESULTS: ①At 0.5 hour after ET injected, arterial blood oxygen pressure and white blood cell count in peripheral blood were lower significantly in the rabbits of the injured group as compared with those of the control group (t=-4.27, P ＜ 0.01,z=2.64, P ＜ 0.01 ). Arterial blood oxygen pressure and white blood cell count in peripheral blood in the interventional group showed insignificant difference as compared with the control group (P ＞ 0.05). The arterial blood oxygen pressure in the interventional group was obviously higher than that in the injured group (t=4.32,P ＜ 0.01 ). ②At the 4th hour after experiment, the arterial blood oxygen pressure in the interventional group was distinctly higher than those of the control group and the injured group (t=4.98, 2.40, P ＜ 0.01, 0.05). The white blood cell count in the injured group was dramatically less than those of the control group (z=2.42,P ＜ 0.05). ③At the 6th hours after experiment, the arterial blood oxygen pressure in the interventional group was markedly higher than those of the control group (t=3.39,P ＜ 0.01), The white blood cell count in the injured group was remarkably less than those of the control group (z=2.16,P ＜ 0.05). Content of pulmonary LPO in the injured group was significantly higher than that in the control group (t=3.70,P ＜ 0.01)while the activity of SOD was obviously lower than that in the control group(t=-4.12,P<0.01).Markedly pathological lesion appeared in the pulmonary tissue. Six hours later, the content of pulmonary LPO and the activity of pulmonary SOD in the interventional group had no remarkable difference from those in the control group (P ＞ 0.05), and the pulmonary pathologic injury showed less obvious.CONCLUSION: The relative deficiency of oxidative stress reaction can aggravate oxidative injury, which is an important role in pathogenesis of ET-induced ALI. FDP can improve abilities of oxidative stress reaction, inhibit oxidative injury and protect rabbits from ET-induced ALI in flapeared rabbits to a certain extent.