Objective To investigate vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and TNF-α levels in the serum of patients with primary hepatocellur carcinoma(HCC),and to evaluate their relevance with the development and metastasis of HCC.Methods VEGF and TNF-α levels in serum were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) technology in 87 patients with HCC and 10 healthy individuals.Results Serum VEGF and TNF-α,levels in HCC patients were significantly higher than that in the contorl group.In addition,HCC patients infected with hepatitis virus(including HBV and HCV) showed a remarkable elevation in serum VEGF and TNF-α levels.The VEGF and TNF-α levels in HCC with metastasis were also higher than those without metastasis.Conclusion The serum VEGF and TNF-α levels in HCC patients might serve as the pivotal biological indices that could reflect HCC progressien and metastasis.

Objective To study the changes of magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) in acute cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. Methods Adult healthy NewZeadand rabbits(103 cases) were used to established middle cerebral ischemia and reperfusion(MCAO/R) model by intraluminal thread technique,and 58 successful models were randomly divided into permanent ischemic group(30 cases) which further divided into ischemic 1 h,3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h groups consisting 5 cases and ischemic reperfusion group 28 cases which further divided into reperfusion 0h,2h,5h,11h,23h,47h groups consisting 5,5,5,4,5,4 cases respectively.Another 10 rabbits were regarded as ischemic contrast(5 cases) and reperfusion contrast(5 cases).The changes of hyper-intensity signal area on DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) were measured in different groups Results 1.In ischemic group rabbits,the hyper-intensity signal area on DWI with declined ADC appeared at ischemic 1h.The hyper-intensity signal areas on DWI at different times were larger than that at ischemic 1h and unchanged at 24h.The mean ADC at different times declined at first and then gradually increased.2.In reperfusion group rabbits: compared with ischemic 1h,the hyper-intensity signal area on DWI reduced while ADC increased at reperfusion 2 and 5h,but the hyper-intensity signal area on DWI enlarged with ADC high at reperfusion 11h,then the hyper-intensity signal area on DWI enlarged with ADC reduced siginificantly at 23h and 47h.Conclusion The hyper-intensity signal area on DWI and the decreasing ADC in acute cerebral ischemia could be improved by early reperfusion,but the secondary decreasing ADC would be induced with continously reperfusion.

Objective To summarize and study the features of intracranial chondroma on CT and MRI imaging.Methods CT and MRI findings of ten cases of intracranial chondroma proved by surgery and pathology from 1994.1 to 2004.9 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 10 cases, 4 cases were located at the skull base, 4 cases at convexity, 1 case at the region of falx cerebri, and 1 case within the brain parenchyma.CT scans showed obvious calcification and clear border of the tumors in 10 cases, mixed attenuation in 9 cases, and adjacent bone invasion in 5 cases.4 cases of MRI scans showed hypointense signal on T1 and T2-weighted images in calcified element of the tumor, intermediate to hypointense signal intensity on T1-weighted image, and hyperintense signal intensity on T2-weighted image in parenchyma of the tumor.4 cases of CT scans showed slightly enhancement.Conclusion Intracranial chondroma are often originated from synchondrosis of the skull base, convexity of brain and region of falx cerebri. Obvious calcification may be seen in most cases. Slightly enhancement and marked delayed contrast enhancement were characteristic. The accurate diagnosis still depends on pathology.

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between the incidence of cervical osteophytosis and the age.MethodsThree hundred X-ray films (male 159, female 141) on lateral cervical position were observed. The patients were divided as group A (age <30), group B (age 30～39), group C (age 40～49), group D (age 50～59), group E (age 60～69) and group F (age 70～90). The osteophytosis on superior or inferior cervical vertebral body were marked.ResultsThe incidences of osteophytosis were group A 0%, group B 4.0%～4.7%, group C 20.0%～23.3%, group D 38.7%～39.2%, group E 56.7%～60.0%, group F 72.7%～80.9%. There was significant differences between the group B and group C, group C and group D, group D and group E, group E and group F (P<0.05～0.01). The common places of the osteophytosis were C5 and C6, while often on C6 in male and on C5 in female.ConclusionThe incidence of cervical osteophytosis increases following age increasing. The most place of the osteophytosis is on C5 and C6.

Objective:To study the effects and safety of triamcinolone acetonide oral ointment in the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus(EOLP).Methods:62 cases with EOLP were randomly divided into 2 groups.The patients in test group(n =29) were treated by local application of triamcinolone acetonide oral ointment (TAOO),oral administration of hydmxychloroquine(HCQ) and gargle with cetylpyridinium chloride buccal tablets(CCBT),in control group (n =33) by HCQ and CCBT.The patients were followed up for 4 weeks.The changes of the erosion area and the VAS pain degree of the patients were analysed at the first visit,the second week and the fourth week follow-up respectively.The safety indexes were examined at the first visit and the fourth week follow-up respectively.Results:TAOO accelerated the erosion surface healing of EOLP in 2 weeks(P ＜ 0.05),and reduced the pain index of the patients (P＜0.05),but after 4 week treatment,no significant difference was observed between 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Fungal infection was found in 4 cases in test group.Conclusion:Local application of TAOO combined with oral administration of HCQ and gargle with CCBT is more effective than HCQ and CCBT in the treatment of EOLP,attention should be paid to prevent fungal infection.

To investigate the mechanism of Fuzheng Huayu recipe (FZHY), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, against liver fibrosis related to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads signaling transduction.

To observe the effects of vitamin E (Vit E) on mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) in rats and discuss its antioxidative mechanism.

BACKGROUND: A middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion(MCAO/R) model in rats with suture has been widely used in the researches of acute focal ischemic cerebral infarction, while the model in rabbits by the same method is relatively rare. Magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (MR DWI) has been paid close attention recently for its sharp sensitivity of cerebral ischemia.OBJECTIVE: To establish rabbit models of MCAO/R by intraluminal thread, and study the characteristics of MR DWI after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.DESIGN: Random controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was accomplished at the Key Laboratory of Brain Diseases Prevention and Cure of Shandong Province from March to June in 2005. A total of 103 adult healthy New Zealand rabbits of either sex, 10-12 weeks old and 1.8-3.3 kg weight were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Shandong Agricultural Academy (SCX20040013).They were bred at quiet, sanitary and dry conditions.METHODS: Animal groups: 103 rabbits were divided randomly into group A (n=53) and group B (n=50). The rabbits in group A were treated with suture of 0.51-0.55 mm as the diameter of thread, while group B was reassigned into B1 (0.46-0.50 mm), B2 (0.51-0.55 mm) and B3 (0.56-0.60 mm).The successful MCAO/R models in 57 cases were randomly divided into permanent ischemia group (n=30, ischemia 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 andl 48 hours, 5ones at each time point) and ischemic reperfusion group (n=27, reperfusion 0, 2 and 5 hours, 5 ones at each time point; reperfusion 11, 23 and 47hours, 4 ones at each time point). Another 10 rabbits receiving sham operations were regarded as contrasts for permanent ischemia group and ischemia reperfusion group, with 5 ones in each.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The changes of hyperintensity area on DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured in permanent ischemia group and ischemic reperfusion group.RESULTS: The data of 57 successful model rabbits were involved in the result analysis.①The successful rate in group A (26 cases, 49.1%) was significantly lower than that in group B (31 cases, 62.0%).②In ischemia group:The hyperintensity area on DWI with declined ADC appeared at ischemia 1 hour. The hyperintensity areas on DWI at different times increased gradually from ischemia 1 hour and unchanged within 24 hours. The mean ADC at different times declined at first and then gradually increased.③In reperfusion group: Comparing with ischemia 1 hour, the hyperintensity area on DWI reduced while ADC increased at reperfusion 2 hours and 5 hours, and enlarged with ADC high at reperfusion 11 hours, then continued to enlarge with ADC reduced significantly at 23 hours and 47 hours.CONCLUSION: The diameter of thread tip and the inserting distance of thread are main factors for establishing successful MCAO/R models. The hyperintensity area on DWI and the decreasing ADC after acute cerebral ischemia can be improved by early reperfusion, but the secondary decreasing ADC may be induced by continuously reperfusion.

BACKGROUND: The clinical features and classification of various anomalous synkinetic movements related to ocular muscles caused by abnormal innervations have not been fully understood.OBJECTIVE: To report and analyze the clinical features of anomalous synkinetic movements related to ocular muscles caused by abnormal innervations, as well as to classify them according to the same neuromuscular nerves.DESIGN: A retrospective case analysis.SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Qingdao University.PARTICIPANTS: The study was mainly conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Qingdao University. A total of 836 cases of abnormal ocular movements were found from January 1997 to January 2002. Among them 67 cases of anomalous synkinetic movements were diagnosed.METHODS: All patients were inquired of case history and their ocular movements were examined. The anomalous synkinetic movements were found and classified into congenital and acquired. All cases were analyzed according to the same neuromuscular nerves, such as between branches of oculomotor nerve, oculomotor and abducens nerve, supranucleus and other anomalous synkinetic movements.lous synkinetic movements were determined by inquiring the history of observed.RESULTS: Sixty-seven anomalous synkinetic movements (8%) of 836 abnormal ocular movements were diagnosed; congenital anomalous synkinetic movements were the most common ones (88.06%) and were often seen in patients with Duane's syndrome. Anomalous synkinetic muscles occurred the most common between lateral and medial rectus, lateral rectus and levator palpebrae muscle (36.89% respectively) in congenital cases, and those occurred between inferior rectus and levator palpebrae muscle more commonly (30%) in acquired cases.CONCLUSION: Anomalous synkinetic movements related to ocular muscles are not infrequently seen. When we find paradoxical movements between ocular muscles, or between ocular muscles and other unrelated muscles, anomalous synkinetic movements should be considered.

Objective To study the expression of Survivin protein and its relation with the expression of Bcl-2, Bax in the tropho- blasts of human normal placenta. Methods The normal placental tissues (8 -9week ,18-23 week and 37-40week) were fixed, embed- ded, sectioned, and Survivin, Bcl-2, and Bax in the trophoblasts were detected with immunnohistochemistry. Result As the gestational age advanced , the staining intensity of Survivin in the trophoblasts was significantly decreased from the first trimester group to the second trimes- ter group to the term group (PU value: 11.74±0.8,9.95±0.43,8. 83 ~ O. 67, respectively, P <0.01 ), while the staining intensity of Bcl-2 and Bax in trophoblast was significantly increased (PU value of Bcl-2 : 4.33±0.60, 5.00±0.75,6.87±0.45, respectively, P<0.01 and PU value of Bax: 9.82±1.12,16.00±1.05,27.48±2.10, respectively, P <0.01 ). Expression of Survivin in trophoblasts has no rela- tionship with the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax (P>0.05 ). Conclusion Survivin may take part in the development of human normal pla- centa through the way of suppressing the apoptesis in trophoblasts. Expression of Survivin in trophoblasts has no relationship with the expres- sion of Bcl-2 and Bax, which indicate that they regulate apoptesis of trophoblasts via different biological pathways.