Objective By rejuvenation of degradative strain,the effects of Armillearia mellea to promote the growth of Gastrodia elata and to accumulate the gastrodin in G.elata could be recovered.Methods G.elata was inoculated with same variety of G.elata with A.mellea of wild strain,degradative strain for continuously asexual reproduction and rejuvenative strain,and the yield of G.elata and the content of gastrodin of G.elata were determined.Results The significant differences(P

Objective To assess the value of the urine flow acceleration(UFA)versus maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) for diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).Methods A total of 50 men with BPH and 50 normal men were included in this study.Urodynamic examinations were performed in all patients according to the recommendations of the International Continence Society.Prostate volume,UFA and Qmax of each patient were analyzed and the results were compared between two groups.Results The UFA and Qmax of BPH group were much lower than that of the control group [(2.05±0.85)ml/s2 vs.(4.60±1.25)ml/s2 ; (8.50±1.05)ml/s vs.(13.00±3.35)ml/s,P＜0.05].The prostate volume in BPH group was increased compared with control group [(28.6±9.8) ml vs.(24.2±7.6)ml,P＜0.05].As diagnosis standard of UFA＜2.05 ml/s2 and Qmax＜ 10 ml/s,the sensitivity and specificity of UFA and Qmax in diagnosing BOO were (88％,75 ％)vs.(81％,63％).While compared with the result of P-Q chart,the Kappa values in correspondence analysis were 0.55 vs.0.35.The sensitivity,specificity and Kappa value of UFA in diagnosing BOO in BPHs were slightly higher than that of Qmax in comparison with the gold standard (BOO diagnosed by P-Q figure).Conclusions The UFA is a useful urodynamics parameter in diagnosing BOO of BPH.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of renal lymphatic stripping with laparo scope.Methods Twenty cases of chyluria (12 men and 8 women; mean age,52 years) were treatedwith laparoscopic renal lymphatic stripping.The diagnosis of chyluria was setup by chylous tests andcystoscopy.The ultrasonic harmonic scalpel was used during the dissociation and ligation.ResultsThe average operation time was 100 min.The average blood loss was 50 ml and the average hospitalstay after operation was 6 d.No surgical complications occurred.The urine was clear and the chyloustests were negative in 19 patients when the patents discharged Irom the hospital.No recurrence ofchyluria was found during the follow up of 6-24 months.One patient with bilateral chyluria occation ally showed chyluria during follow up.Conclusion Laparoscopic stripping of renal lymphatic vesselsfor the treatment of chyluria could be an efficient method with the advantages of simple operating,mini invasion and rapid recovery.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of artificial blood vessel sheath around re-nal vein for the treatment of left renal vein entrapment syndrome. Methods Eight cases with left re-nal vein entrapment syndrome (7 males and 1 female, mean age, 16 years) with history of gross hema-turia for 6 to 36 months were reviewed. Doppler ultrasound reports suggested compression of the left renal vein at mesenteric angle in all eases. CT scan showed the abnormal angle between aorta and su-perior mesenterie artery in 5 cases. Cystscopy showed hematuria from the left ureteral orifice in 5 ca-ses. All cases with left renal vein entrapment syndrome were treated ,with the method of putting artifi-cial blood vessel as a sheath around left renal vein. Results The operations were all successful. The average operation time was 150 min, the average blood loss was 50 ml, and the average hospital stay after operation was 9 d. No surgical complications occurred. The gross hcmaturia disappeared in 6 ca-ses and Doppler ultrasound showed that left renal vein outflow was normal in 7 when the patients dis-charged from the hospital. The gross hematuria disappeared during 2-24 months' follow-up in 7 pa-tients. Conclusions The surgical aim of renal vein entrapment syndrome is to reduce the compres-sion of renal vein. The method of putting artificial blood vessel around renal vein could be a simple, safe and effective method.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of pedicled adrenal transposition for the treatment of adrenocortical and medullary hyperplasia, Methods Twenty cases of adrenal hyperpla-sia (6 men and 14 women; mean age,36 years ) had history of hypertension from 0.5 to 5 years. Of all cases, 15 had centripetal obesity and purple striae, 2 had weakness and polyuria, 3 had durative hypertension. Serum potassium and aldosterone were increased in 4 and 3 cases, respectively. Urinary 17-OH and 17-KS were increased in 15 cases. Epinepgrine, norepinephrine and dopamine increased in 3 cases, VMA increased in 4 cases. CT scan and MRI revealed adrenal diffuse enlargement with in-creased thickness or nodules in 18 and 3 cases, respectively, 131I-MIBG scan showed positive in 3 ca-ses. Preoperative diagnoses were Cushing's syndrome in 11 cases, hyperaldosteronism in 2 cases, pheochromocytoma in 1 case, adrenomedullary hyperplasia in 2 cases, Cushing's syndrome-cate-cholamine syndrome in 4 cases. All cases were treated with transposition of pedicled adrenal gland into the subcutaneous tissues. Results All operations were successful. The average operation time was 120 min, the average blood loss was 40 ml and the average hospital stay was 10 d. No obvious surgical complications occurred. Pathological studies of all the cases revealed the coexistence of adrenocortical and medullary hyperplasia. Seventeen cases were followed up for 0.5-8 years. Thirteen cases had no symptom and normal biochemical results. Four cases still had hypertension and abnormal biochemical results. They were recovered after adrenal operation of the ther side. Conclusion Transposition of pedicled adrenal gland could be an available option to treat patients with adrenocortical and medullary hyperplasia.

The clinical data of 30 patients with vesical calculus of 1.5 cm to 4 cm in diameter,who underwent combination of transurethral pneumatic and ultrasonic cystolithotripsy,were retrospectively analyzed.During the procedure the resectoscopic sheath was inserted into bladder through urethra,then the nephroscope was placed through the sheath.When the stone was located,the ultrasonic and pneumatic devices were used for lithotripsy and the fragments were cleared out.The procedures lasted from 10 to 25 min,all operations were successful.Transurethral resection of prostates (TURP) was performed simultaneously in 28 patients.No serious bleeding,bladder injury or transurethral resection syndrome occurred.One patient with simultaneous TURP developed bladder neck contracture one month after surgery and was later cured by endoresection.No residual chip or stone recurrence was detected.This procedure appears to be safe and highly efficient with low rate of urethrostenosis and is suitable for simotaneous prostate surgery.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and traditional thoracotomy in fixation of traumatic multiple rib fractures.Methods Clinical data of 56 patients with traumatic multiple rib fractures treated surgically between July 2005 and September 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.Based on the treatments,the patients were assigned to video-assisted thoracoscopy group (thoracoscopy group,n =27) and traditional thoracotomy group (thoracotomy group,n =29).A comparison was done on the variables including operation time,intraoperative blood loss,ventilator support rate,duration of mechanical ventilation,length of ICU stay,incidence of lung infections,visual analogue scale (VAS) at day 3 postinjury and mortality between the two groups.Results Operation time [(128.9 ± 21.1) min vs (140.7 ± 24.2) min],ventilator support rate (70％ vs 76％) and mortality (4％ vs 7％) in thoracoscopy group revealed no statistical differences compared with thoracotomy group (P ＞ 0.05),but intraoperative blood loss [(321.1 ± 30.1)ml vs (438.1 ± 43.2)ml],duration of mechanical ventilation [(4.3 ± 2.1) d vs (7.2 ± 1.6) d],length of ICU stay [(5.9 ± 21.1) d vs (8.5 ± 1.7) d],incidence of lung infection (33％ vs 90％),and VAS [(7.0 ± 1.4) points vs (8.3 ± 0.9) points] were significantly reduced in thoracoscopy group than in thoracotomy group (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is characterized by fewer intraoperative bleeding,shorter duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay,and lower lung infection rate during treatment of traumatic multiple rib fractures compared to traditional thoracotomy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the surgical management of left renal vein entrapment syndrome.MethodsEight cases with left renal vein entrapment syndrome (5 males and 3 female ; mean age 26 years) with history of gross hematuria for 3 to 46 months were reviewed.Doppler ultrasound reports suggested compression of the left renal vein at mesenteric angle in all cases.And the dilated segment of the left vein was three-fold than the stricture segment in diameter.CT scan showed the abnormal angle between aorta and superior mesentery artery in all cases.Bleeding from the left ureteral orifice was detected by cystoscopy in 6 cases.We treated 8 patients by extravascular stent immobilization with laparoscope.ResultsThe operation was successful in the 8 cases without surgical complications.The average operation time was 63 min.The average blood loss was 14 ml,and the average hospital stay after operation was 6 days.Follow-up of 3 -20 months,there was no hematuria relapse since been relieved in 7 cases,one case remained microscopic hematuria.Color Doppler ultrasound examination in all 8 cases showed the narrowest inner diameter of left renal vein was 7.4 mm (6.5 - 8.7 mm),the blood flow was smooth.The angle between abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery become normal.Conclusions Laparoscopic left renal vein extravascular stenting could be a new surgical method to treat left renal vein entrapment syndrome.The method of putting artificial blood vessel around renal vein is simple,safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the effects of solifenacin on the detrusor instability of patients with overactive bladder (OAB).Methods A total of 20 outpatients with OAB of.1 - 20 ( mean, 8 )years, 12 males and 8 females, aged 21 - 83 ( mean, 43) years were included in this study.Five mg solifenacin was given orally once daily for 12 weeks.Before and after treatment, overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), patient perception of bladder condition symptoms rating scale (PPBC), and filling cystometry was performed.Results Before and after solifenacin administration, significant decrease were detected in term of unstable detrusor waves ( 2.3 ± 2.4) vs (0.6 ± 1.3 ) ( P ＜ 0.05 ), and detrusor overactivity ( DO ) disappeared in 6 patients.Bladder capacities at first desire to void and maximum bladder capacity were significantly increased (P ＜0.01 ).Bladder compliance and detrusor pressure at maximum urine flow had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05 ).All patients had significant improvement in OAB symptoms evaluating by OABSS and PPBC ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Six patients had mild side effect of dry mouth and could be relieved by drinking more water.Conclusion Urodynamically, solifenacin decreases the detrusor overactivity, increases the bladder capacity and improves the quality of life of OAB patients.