Objective To study the oxidative stress and apoptosis relative protein expression in rat striatum during the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Methods 6-OHDA was stereotacticly injected into the right striatum of the rats at two sites to produce PD models. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), contents of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the injured and normal striatum were measured using assay kits; and levels of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blotting in injured striatum. Results In 10 successful PD rats, compared with either the sham group or the normal group, activities of SOD and GSH-Px and contents of GSH in the right striatum significantly decreased while contents of MDA increased obviously (P<0.05); And levels of Bax significantly increased while expression of Bcl-2 obviously decreased. Conclusion Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of PD. Furthermore, Bax and Bcl-2 were involved in the regulation of apoptosis under oxidative stress induced by 6-OHDA.

Objective To survey a prevalence of osteoporosis and prevalence of osteoporosis combined with hyponatremia in elderly hospitalized patients,and their risk factors.Methods We enrolled 2496 elderly hospitalized patients with detected plasma levels of sodium,calcium,25 (OH) D3,PTH,plasma PINP,and β-CTX.At the same time,sex,age,height,weight,smoking history,drinking history and BMI(kg/m2) in form of a questionnaire were recorded and calculated.The risk factors for osteoporosis were analyzed using multivariate Logistic regression method.Results The osteoporosis prevalence was 12.2％ (305/2496 inpatients)with 31.5 ％ (96/305)in male,68.5％ (209/305)in female(x2 =4.651,P=0.031).The prevalence of osteoporosis with hyponatremia was 27.5 ％ (84/305),with 24.8 ％ (21/84) in male and 75.2 ％ (63/84) in female(x2 =9.251,P=0.025).As compared with three groups of non-osteoporosis,normal serum Na+ with and without osteoporosis,the osteoporosis patients with hyponatremia were more aged,in a higher proportion of women and smokers,in lower BMI,and in low levels of serum sodium,BMD 25(OH)D3 (F=13.783,0.861,7.146,24.520,0.548,x2 =15.113、4.472;P =0.001,0.000,0.021,0.015,0.003,0.021,0.005).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that aging,female,low BMI,smoking history,drinking history,low plasma 25(OH)D3 level,low plasma PINP level,and high plasma β-CTX level were the risk factors for osteoporosis(OR 4.215,2.271,3.176,2.013,1.237,3.987,1.843,1.972;all P＜0.05).Conclusions The osteoporosis prevalence is high in elderly patients,especially in old women.The risk factors for osteoporosis are diverse,and clinical conditions of osteoporosis patients with hyponatremia are much more severe than the others.More efforts should be given to them and need to be focused on the complications of osteoporosis.

Bladder cancer common tumor has been closely watched as the uropoiesis surgical department, its incidence is also gradually rising in recent years, although the early detection and transurethral bladder tumor surgery for the treatment of patients with bladder cancer has played a positive role, but the clinical treatment of patients with locally advanced and metastatic bladder cancer effect is not ideal. The wide application of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and the combination of various regimens in clinical practice is expected to bring more benefits to elderly patients with advanced bladder cancer.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of induced hypotension and hypotension in carotid endarterectomy (CEA).Methods Data of 1 486 patients who underwent CEA in multicenters from Aug 2012 to Aug 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.After screening,a total of 1 448 patients met the inclusion criteria.Induced hypertension and hypotension was used in all thees patients.Results 87.8％ of the patients were with severe carotid stenosis.The average operative time was (51.8 ± 6.1) min,and the internal carotid artery clamping time was (11.4 ± 3.1) min.After induced hypertension,the stump pressure were higher than that before,of which 1 438 (99.3％) were greater than 50 mmHg.Monitoring of EEG oxygen saturation showed that the value of ipsilateral rSO2 was significantly lower than that of the contralateral [(56％ ± 3％) vs.(64％ ± 4％),P ＜ 0.05] before induced hypertension.After induced hypertension and clamp removal,the value of ipsilateral rSO2 was lower than that of the contralateral,but there was not significant difference (all P ＞ 0.05).Perioperative cerebral infarction occurred in 2 cases,ipsilateral cerebral hemorrhage in 1 case,contralateral cerebral hemorrhage in 1 case and myocardial infarction in 2 cases.Connclusion The technique of induced hypotension and hypotension play a temporary role in brain protection for patients undergoing CEA.This study demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of induced hypertension and hypotension technique.

OBJECTIVE To explore and evaluate the value of CT in diagnosis of malignant tumor of maxillary sinus and the accuracy of the involved bone wall by comparing the preoperative CT imaging with the pathologic examination.METHODS 11 patients without maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma and lymph node metastasis received pathological examination and enhanced CT scan before operation,partial or total maxillary resection were implemented according to the CT features and scope.The position and azimuth of the cut bone tissue samples were marked.The specimens were routinely fixed,decalcified,embedded,sliced and HE stained to observe the bone tissue pathological changes on the bone wall under light microscope.RESULTS Nasal sinus enhancement CT scan showed that the medial wall of maxillary sinus were all resorped and invaded(4 cases lack inner wall).Anterior wall was invaded in 6 cases,superior wall in 7 cases and bottom wall in 3 cases,posterior and exterior wall in 9 cases;After ruling out the cases without internal wall of maxillary sinus,the inner wall of the maxillary sinus was invaded by cancer cells,so was the front wall and the bottom wall.Those showed bone wall erosion on preoperative CT with continuous change but without interruption and accompanied by bone wall thickening and hardening were found without tumor invasion by postoperative pathological verification.CONCLUSION Bone wall damage on preoperative CT does not mean tumor invasion,and the probability of each maxillary sinus wall invasion is different;the comprehensive analysis found that for wormhole like change of bone wallon preoperative CT with continuous bone wall thickening and hardening of the 'reconstruction of bone destruction',there was no tumor invasion by postoperative pathological validation;Routine selection analysis of bone tissue pathology can supplement the extent diagnosis of malignant tumor of maxillary sinus on preoperative CT scan,so it can accurately estimate the T staging of tumor.It may provide a more effective basis for selection of minimally invasive surgery,postoperative evaluation of surgical effect and formulating more comprehensive treatment protocol.

Objective:To explore whether miR-372 can affect the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cell under different expression conditions, and to study the effect of miR-372 on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.Methods:ccRCC cell line (786-O) and normal renal epithelial cell line (HK-2) were selected to detect the expression level of miR-372 in 786-O cell and HK-2 cell by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The mimic group and negative control group were prepared by transfection with the mimic agent, and the inhibitor group and negative control group were prepared by transfection with the inhibitor. After stable transcription of cell lines was obtained, cell migration was detected by cell scratch assay, cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 method, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression levels of proliferation and apoptosis related proteins and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and independent sample t-test was used for comparison between groups. Results:The expression level of miR-372 was decreased in 786-O cell. Overexpression of miR-372 inhibited the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, promoted the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase3, and reduced the phosphorylation level of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in 786-O cell.Conclusions:miR-372 can inhibit the migration and proliferation of 786-O cell, and promote cell apoptosis. In addition, miR-372 can inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective:To understand the impact of diet on glycemic control in community-managed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and provide evidence for implementing prevention strategies and measures for diabetes patients.Methods:Eight communities were randomly selected from Changshu and Wuhan in 2015, and T2DM patients managed in the community were selected to conduct questionnaire surveys, physical measurements, and blood glucose testing. Factor analysis was used to obtain dietary patterns. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting glycemic control.Results:Finally, 1 818 T2DM patients were included, and the control rate of FPG was 57.59% (95% CI: 55.30%-59.86%), and the control rate of 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 h PBG) was 24.90% (95% CI: 22.93%- 26.91%). Five dietary patterns were obtained by factor analysis: animal food pattern, fruit-aquatic products-potato patterns, vegetable-grain pattern, egg-milk-bean pattern, and oil-salt patterns. No-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, the reduced probability of FPG control was related to animal food pattern ( OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.52-0.98) and fruit-aquatic products-potato patterns ( OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.51-0.97). The decrease in the 2 h PBG control probability was related to fruit-aquatic products-potato patterns ( OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.40-0.90). The increased probability of FPG and 2 h postprandial glucose control were both related to vegetable-grain pattern ( OR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.03-1.94; OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.13-2.51) and egg-milk-bean pattern ( OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.25-2.46; OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.00-2.42). Compared with the Q4 group of egg-milk-bean pattern, the FPG control rate of the combination of "fruit-aquatic products-potato pattern ( Q4 group), vegetable-grain pattern ( Q2 group), egg-milk-bean pattern ( Q3 group)" was higher ( OR=6.79, 95% CI: 1.15-40.23, P=0.035). Compared with the Q4 group of vegetable-grain pattern, the combination of "fruit-aquatic products-potato pattern ( Q4 group), vegetable-grain pattern ( Q3 group), egg-milk-bean pattern ( Q2 group), oil-salt pattern ( Q2 group)" had higher control rate of 2 h PBG ( OR=12.78, 95% CI: 1.26-130.05, P=0.031). Conclusions:A proper combination of dietary patterns and dietary patterns are more conducive to the control of FPG and 2 h PBG in T2DM patients managed in the communities of Wuhan and Changshu. Patient nutrition education should be strengthened, and the food-matching ability of patients should be improved.