Objective To clone and sequence the cDNA encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL)gene from Astragalus membranaceus.Methods RT-PCR and RACE Techniques were used to clone a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene from A.membranaceus roots with the total RNA as the template.Results The cloned gene named as AmPAL and the Genbank registry number is EF567076.Squence analysis showed that the full-length of AmPAL cDNA was 2 650 bp,including a 2 154 bp open reading frame(ORF).AmPAL was a new number of PAL family that consisted of 718 amino acids with prediated mole-cular weight of 7.805?104 and isoelectric point(PI)of 5.96.At the same time,AmPAL had the homo-logy with PAL of known leguminous plants and shared above 80% identity of amino acid sequences.Conclusion It is the first report that a novel PAL gene is cloned from A.membranaceus.This work lays a foundation for regulating phenylpropanoid pathway of medical plant with AmPAL.

Objective: To develop an HPLC method for the determination of rutin, hyperin and quercetin in Vicia sepium L. . Methods:The samples were separated on an Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 column(250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-1‰ phosphoric acid solution with gradient elution at the flow rate of 0. 8 ml·min-1 . The column tem-perature was 30℃, and the detection wavelength was set at 370 nm. Results: The linear range of the three components was 4. 090-130.940 μg ·ml-1(r=0.999 9), 4.600-147.200 μg ·ml-1(r=0.999 9) and 0.810-25.780 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 8), and the average recovery was 103. 45% (RSD=1. 25%), 98. 96% (RSD=1. 77%) and 102. 88% (RSD=0. 84%)(n=6), respectively. Conclusion:The method is stable, reproducible and simple, which can be used in the quality control of Vicia sepium L. .

BACKGROUND: Adhesion molecules are closely associated with inflammation. Inflammation due to white blood cell (WBC) infiltration and free radical injury following brain ischemia are believed to be important factors contributing to the pathogenesis of multi-infarct dementia.OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of serum adhesion molecules and free radicals in patients with multi-infarct dementia to explore the relationship between their levels and multi-infarct dementia.DESIGN: A case-control trial.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 82 patients with multi-infarct dementia were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University between January 2000 and December 2004. These patients included 32 cases of mild dementia, 21 of moderate dementia, and 29 of severer dementia. The normal controls were 23 concomitant healthy volunteers who came for routine physical examination.METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electron spin resonance were used to determine the level of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM) and vascular cell adhesion molecules (VCAM), as well as oxygen free radical concentration in the normal controls and patients with multi-infarct dementia, and the association between the severity of the illness and the levels of adhesion molecules and oxygen free radicals was analyzed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and oxygen free radical concentration in the two groups.RESULTS: Totally 82 patients with multi-infarct dementia and 23 healthy controls were included in this study and all enter the result analysis. In multi-infarct dementia patients, the serum levels of soluble ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and oxygen free radical concentration [(469.00±76.33), (196.00± 45.91) and (1 103.30±98.96) μg/L, respectively] were significantly higher than those of the control group [(601.00±76.30), (4.018±1.656), and (1.295±0.718) μg/g, respectively, t=5.517-6.754, P ＜ 0.01], and the 3 indices were positively correlated with the severity of dementia (r=0.659 4,r=0.697 2, r=0.649 4, respectively, P ＜ 0.05); serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels were positively correlated with the concentration of oxygen free radicals (r=0.714 7, r=0.732 4, respectively, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Serum ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and oxygen free radicals might be implicated in the pathophysiological development of multi-infarct dementia, and their levels increase in parallel with the severity of dementia.

Objective To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of bladder hemangio-ma. Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with bladder hemangioma were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed in com-bination with relevant literature. Results Ten patients were treated with partial cystectomy,and two patients treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT). All patients were diagnosed as the bladder hemangioma by postoperative pathology. Patients were followed up from 4 months to 6 years. There were no recurrence and metastasis in all cases. Conclu-sion Bladder hemangioma is a rare benign tumor, which can be preliminarily diagnosed by combinating with medical imag-ing. The final diagnosis depends on the pathological examination. Treatment options should rely on the factual situations. The partial cystectomy is the first choice for the treatment of bladder hemangioma. The prognosis is good.

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of 3D-enhanced T2 ? weighted angiography (ESWAN )in evaluating superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (SS-CNS)after traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH).Methods ESWAN and GRE T2 ? WI sequence were performed on 30 patients with tSAH,detection rate and the number of distribution areas of SS-CNS were compared between the two sequences.A McNemar’s test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to analyze the differences between T2 ? WI and ESWAN images sequences. Results In the tSAH group,29 of 30 patients (96.7%)showed SS-CNS on ESWAN images,the total number of SS-CNS regions was 134.Identified SS-CNS positive rate respectively was 95.8% (23/24)on ESWAN images and 66.7% (1 6/24)on T2 ? WI in 24 patients simultaneously perform ESWAN and T2 ? WI sequences.A McNemar ’s test showed that there was significant difference between the positive rates of two sequences in detecting the SS-CNS (χ2 =7.0,P <0.05).The number of SS-CNS regions on ESWAN images and T2 ? WI was 106 and 34 respectively.The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that the number of SS-CNS regions difference between two sequences was significant (Z =-4.225,P <0.01).Conclusion Various degress of SS-CNS are detected in a majority of tSAH atients.ESWAN sequence is a reliable and efficient method for assessment of SS-CNS.

0.05);but as comparing with high dose group there is obvious significance(P

Objective To compare the diagnostic efficacies of narrow-band imaging (NBI) in distinguishing neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal lesions with routine endoscopy and with magnifying endoscopy. Methods Patients with colorectal lesions detected by NBI from September 2008 to February 2010 were enrolled in the study. These lesions were classified by pit pattern and capillary pattern, which was then assessed by reference to histopathology. Results A total of 100 patients with colorectal lesions were enrolled, and the lesions were observed by NBI with ordinary endoscopy (n =64) and NBI with magnifying endoscopy (n =36), respectively, and 7 cases (5 in NBI with ordinary endoscopy and 2 in NBI with magnifying endoscopy) which did not meet the diagnostic criteria were excluded. The overall diagnostic accuracy of NBI endoscopy in distinguishing neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal lesions was 91.4% ( 85/93 ), in which NBI with ordinary endoscopy and magnifying endoscopy was 89. 8% (53/59) and 94. 1% (32/34),respectively, with both significantly higher than that of conventional colonoscopy reported in the literature (79. 1% ) (P ＜ 0. 05 ). However, no significant difference was detected between 2 methods ( P ＞ 0. 05 ).Conclusion Similar with NBI magnifying endoscopy, NBI endoscopy without high magnification may also be useful to distinguish neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal lesions.

Objective. To research the relations between low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein gene (LRP) polymorphism, butyrylcholinesterase gene (BchE) polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Chinese. Methods. The gene polymorphisms of LRP and BchE were genotyped in 38 AD cases and 40 controls with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. AD groups were classified according to the LRP C/C genotype and compared with matched controls. Results. AD group had higher frequencies of C/C homozygote (81.6％ vs 60.0％ , P<0.05) and of C allele (89.5％ vs 76.3％ , P< 0.05),with no significant difference between any of these LRP genotypes classified AD groups and their respective control groups.? Conclusions. A positive correlation was found between LRP gene polymorphism and AD, but not between BchE gene polymorphism and AD in Chinese AD cases.

Objective To synthesize a series of 13-acylmatrine derivatives and evaluate their in vitro antitumor activity . Methods Using sophocarpine as the starting material ,a series of new compounds were synthesized through Michael addition , Staudinger reduction and acylation .The structure of target compounds were confirmed by 1 H NMR and MS techniques .Their antitumoractivityagainsthumanhepatomacells(BEL-7404)andmicemelanomacells(K111)wereevaluated invitrobyMTT assay .Results We synthesized 9 compounds and all the compounds exhibited inhibitory activities against BEL-7404 and K111 . Conclusion Compound 4b and compound 4e exhibit good in vitro antitumor activity to human hepatoma cells (BEL-7404) .

OBJECTIVETo identify the mutation of the androgen receptor (AR) gene in a complete androgen insensitivity family.

METHODSDNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples from family members in the family. PCR and DNA sequencing were then employed to detect the mutation of AR gene.

RESULTSA single nucleotide deletion of nucleotide A in exon 4 of the AR gene (1910delA) was detected in all the three patients in this family, which lead to Asn637Ile and Lys638stop. This mutation was also found in the mother (heterozygote) but was not observed in the normal controls.

CONCLUSIONThe 1910delA mutation of the AR gene is a novel mutation that leads to complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.

Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pedigree ; Receptors, Androgen ; genetics ; Sequence Deletion ; genetics ; Young Adult