Cardiovascular disease has been a major threat to human's health and lives for many years. It is of great importance to explore the mechanisms and develop strategies to prevent the pathogenesis. Generally, cardiovascular disease is associated with endothelial dysfunction, which is closely related to the nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilatation. The release of NO is regulated by NOS3 gene in mammals' vascular system. A great deal of evidences have shown that the polymorphism and epigenetic of NOS3 gene play vital roles in the pathological process of cardiovascular disease. To gain insights into the role of NOS3 in the cardiovascular diseases, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of cardiovascular diseases in this paper, including the uncoupling of NOS3 protein, epigenetic and polymorphism of NOS3 gene. The review can also offer possible strategies to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases.
Animals ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Vasodilation

Objective To determine the audiological characteristics in 832 deaf children with biallelic causative mutations in GJB2 ,SLC26A4 gene .Methods The 832 patients received deafness gene screening ,553 were GJB2 gene biallelic causative mutations ,279 were SLC26A4 gene biallelic causative mutations .Patients were divided into four groups according to ages of hearing loss onset :<1 ,1~3 ,3~6 ,6~12 years old ,and the audiological character-istics and prevalence of GJB2 ,SLC26A4 gene mutations at different ages of onset .Results The prevalence of GJB2 gene mutations at four groups was 37 .97% (210/553) ,38 .34% (212/553) ,16 .27% (90/553) ,7 .41% (41/553) ,re-spectively ;the prevalence of SLC26A4 gene mutations at four groups was 25 .45% (71/279) ,44 .80% (125/279) , 20 .07% (56/279) ,9 .67% (27/279) ,respectively .The difference between GJB2 and SLC26A4 gene was significant(P=0 .001) .The prevalence of profound hearing loss with GJB2 gene mutations at four groups were 66 .67% (140/210) ,61 .32% (130/212) ,47 .78% (43/90) ,41 .46% (17/41) ,respectively .The difference was significant (P=0 .004) ,while the difference in 279 patients with SLC26A4 gene mutations was not statistically significant (P= 0 . 083) .Conclusion The age of hearing loss onset in patients with biallelic causative mutations in GJB 2 or SLC26A4 gene refers to 0~3 years -old ,hearing loss in patients with GJB2 ,SLC26A4 gene mutations gives priority to pro-found .The age of hearing loss onset is smaller ,the ratio of profound hearing loss is higher .Patients with severe and profound hearing impairment should be performed the genetic testing when the age of onset under 12 .

OBJECTIVE: To study whether cancer stem cells promotes resistance of laryngeal squamous cancer to irradiation mediated by hypoxia. METHOD: Hep-2 cells were respectively cultured in hypoxia and normoxia environment, and the express of HIF-la was detected by western blot. Then they were radiated with different doses of gamma-rays. After that we detected growth inhibition ratio with MTT assay, cell circle and ratio of CD133+ cells with Flow cytometry at different times. RESULT: MTT assay showed that inhibition ratio of the hypoxia group was lower than that of the normoxia group after different doses of gamma-rays at each time point, and the difference was significant 24 h after 10 Gy irradiation (P < 0.05). The results of Flow cytometry demonstrated that cells of the two groups were arrested at G1 phase, and cells ratio in G1 phase of the hypoxia group was higher than that of he normoxia group after 10 Gy irradiation. The ratio of CD133-positive cells was higher in the hypoxia group than in the normoxia group after radiation, and difference was significant 24 h after 10 Gy irradiation (P < 0.05). In each group, the ratio of CD133-positive cells became higher after radiation than that before radiation (P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION We can conclude that cancer stem cells play an important role in radioresistance mediated by hypoxia.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; radiotherapy ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gamma Rays ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Radiation Tolerance

The mandibular metastatic spread of carcinoma from the thyroid gland is exceedingly rare. Follicular thyroid carcinoma is the second most common type of thyroid carcinoma，accounting for approximately 10% to 15% of all thyroid cancers. The prognosis of FTC is relatively satisfactory. Due to its rich blood transport, it is easy to metastasize hematological, with the main sites of metastasis are bone and lung. However，mandibular metastasis of thyroid follicular carcinoma is rare. We report a case of thyroid follicular carcinoma that metastasized to the ascending ramus of the mandible 21 years after surgery.The operation was successfully completed, and there was no recurrence during postoperative follow-up. Due to the absence of obvious clinical symptoms in the patient, the diagnosis and treatment were challenging. We have provided detailed radiographic and pathological images to facilitate understanding and discussion of the disease.
Humans ; Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/pathology* ; Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery* ; Prognosis ; Mandible