OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and mechanism of extracts,active constituents and constituent combination of Sinopodophylli Fructus on cell proliferation of human breast cancer. METHODS:Acid phosphatase method was conducted to deter-mine the effects of 4 extracts [ethanol extract (Xc),petroleum ether extract from ethanol extract (Xp),ethyl acetate extract from ethanol extract (Xe),n-butanol extract from ethanol extract (Xz)],5 active constituents [podophyllotoxin (S1),deoxypodophyllo-toxin (S2),4-desmethyl deoxypodophyllotoxin (S3),8-isopentenyl kaempferol (S4),8,2′-diisoprenyl quercetin-3-methyl ether (S5)] and 3 active constituent combination [combination 1,S1-S2-S3-S4-S5 (2:4:1:4:32),Z1;combination 2,S2-S4 (1:1),Z2;combination 3,S3-S4(1:4),Z3] on the MDA-MB-231,MCF-7 cell proliferation;flow cytometry was adopted to detect the effects of above-mentioned samples on MDA-MB-231,MCF-7(T47D)cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential. RESULTS:The active constituent combination Z1 showed significant inhibitory effects on MDA-MB-231,MCF-7 cells,the half inhibitory concen-trations(IC50)were(0.27±0.2),(0.11±0.1)μg/mL;extracts Xc,Xp,Xe,active constituents S2,S4 and active constituent combi-nation Z2,Z3 showed relatively strong inhibitory effects on MDA-MB-231,MCF-7 (T47D) cell proliferation (IC50<15 μg/mL). Both extracts and active constituents can block MDA-MB-231,MCF-7 cell cycle in G2/M phase;all active constituents can block MDA-MB-231,T47D cell cycle in G0/G1 phase,and can reduce MDA-MB-231,T47D cell mitochondrial membrane potential. CONCLUSIONS:The active constituents and constituent combination of Sinopodophylli Fructus can inhibit cell proliferation of breast cancer by affecting cell cycle and mitochondrial mem-brane potential.

Objective:To analyze the general patterns and characteristics of torsade de pointes(Tdp) associated with ibutilide and provide feasible suggestions and preventive measurements combined with the experience of pharmaceutical monitoring. Methods: The cases of TdP associated with ibutilide were retrieved from the literatures reported at home and abroad during January 1990 and April 2017,and the clinical data including gender,age,original diseases, dosage of drugs, injection time, TdP occurrence time, potassi-um,QTc and ECG monitoring before and after the medication, complications, treatment drugs and methods and conversion outcome were statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 9 cases were enrolled in the analysis. After the treatment with ibutilide withdrawal, electroversion and potassium and magnesium supplement, all the patients converted to sinus rhythm.Conclusion: Ibutilide must be prescribed very carefully in senile female patients complicated with extended QTc,low potassium,organic heart disease and heart fail-ure. With dosing interval,injection time or injection speed not compatible with the specification,the occurrence of TdP is significantly different,suggesting that clinical pharmacists strengthen the monitoring of injection time,speed,dosing interval and blood concentra-tion of ibutilide according to the instruction strictly.

The STandards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials Of Moxibustion (STRICTOM), in the form of a checklist and descriptions of checklist items, were designed to improve reporting of moxibustion trials, and thereby facilitating their interpretation and replication. The STRICTOM checklist included 7 items and 16 sub-items. These set out reporting guidelines for the moxibustion rationale, details of moxibustion, treatment regimen, other components of treatment, treatment provider background, control and comparator interventions, and precaution measures. In addition, there were descriptions of each item and examples of good reporting. It is intended that the STRICTOM can be used in conjunction with the main CONSORT Statement, extensions for nonpharmacologic treatment and pragmatic trials, and thereby raise the quality of reporting of clinical trials of moxibustion. Further comments will be solicited from the experts of the CONSORT Group, the STRICTA Group, acupuncture and moxibustion societies, and clinical trial authors for optimizing the STRICTOM.

OBJECTIVETo develop a method for the determination of harpagide and harpagoside in Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen) by HPLC-UV under double wavelength, and to study the changes of these two constituents during processing, and to set the limitation of harpagide and harpagoside contents in crude drug and sliced pieces of Xuanshen.

METHODThe analyses were performed on an Agilent Technologies ZORBAX SB-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) eluted with acetonitrile-water (containing 0.03% phosphoric acid) in gradient model. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1) . The column temperature was 25 degrees C. The UV detector wavelength was set at 210 nm before 13 min and then changed to 280 nm.

RESULTHarpagide and harpagoside were separated well. The linear calibration curves were obtained over of 0.0549 - 1.46 microg for harpagide (r = 0.9999, n =7) ,0.0225 - 0.900 microg for harpagoside (r = 0.9998, n = 9). The recoveries ( +/- RSD)% were 98.1 (+/- 2.4)% for harpagide and 98.8 (+/- 4.3)% for harpagoside. The contents of harpagide were 0. 277% - 0.620%, harpagoside were 0.078% - 0.362% in Xuanshen, and harpagide were 0.276% - 1.059%, harpagoside were 0. 059% - 0.183% in sliced Xuanshen, respectively. After the processing of Scrophulariae Radix, the content of harpagide increases 13.7% - 96.0%, while harpagoside decreases 11.0%-73.9%.

CONCLUSIONThis method is simple, accurate, and can be used for the quality control of Scrophulariae Radix. We propose that the total content of harpagide and harpagoside in either crude drug or sliced pieces of Scrophulariae Radix should not be less than 0.45%.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Iridoid Glycosides ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Pyrans ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; methods

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for confirming the protective effect of the establishment of PIVAS on antineoplastic drugs(ADs)occupational exposure to nursing staff in clinical departments,and to provide the basis for the formulation of ADs dispensing guideline and occupational exposure protection regulations. METHODS:By questionnaire survey and deriving data of lab examination index,the occurrence of abnormal menstruation,bad birth outcome,alopecia,blood toxicity, liver and renal toxicity in nursing staff of clinical departments with different ADs contact frequencies(non-exposure group as group A,low-exposure group as group B,high-exposure group as group C)were investigated and analyzed in our hospital before and after the establishment of PIVAS. The residual of ADs [methotrexate(MTX)and 5-Fluorouracil(5-FU)] in PIVAS environment were investigated by HPLC. RESULTS:A total of 160 questionnaires were sent out before the establishment of PIVAS,and 151 were effectively collected with effective recovery of 94.38%. After the establishment of PIVAS,150 questionnaires were sent out,and 144 were effectively collected with effective recovery of 96.00%. Questionnaire results showed that the incidence of abnormal menstruation,abnormal menstruation period,dysmenorrhea,spontaneous abortion,infertility and offspring low birth weight,the severity of hair loss in group C were significantly higher than group A,with statistical significance(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The incidence of above 6 conditions in group C were 5.14,6.10,3.81,4.04,6.15,8.08 times higher than in group A.At same time, the incidence of the offspring low birth weight and the severity of hair loss in group B were significantly higher than group A,with statistical significance(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the incidence of the former in group B was 6.21 times higher than in group A.After the establishment of PIVAS,the incidence of abnormal menstruation,abnormal menstruation period,dysmenorrhea,spontaneous abortion,infertility and offspring low birth weight,the severity of hair loss were decreased significantly in group C,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The severity of hair loss in group C was significantly higher than group A,and there was no statistical significance in above indexes,compared with group A(P>0.05). At the same time,there was no statistical significance in the incidence of the offspring low birth weight and the severity of hair loss between group B and A(P>0.05). Results of lab examination index investigation showed that before the establishment of PIVAS,WBC and PLT of group C were significantly lower than group A,and the incidence of abnormal liver function was significantly higher than group A,with statistical significance(P<0.05 or P<0.01). After the establishment PIVAS,WBC,PLT and RBC of group C,and PLT of group B were increased significantly compared to before the establishment PIVAS;the incidence of abnormal liver function in group C was decreased significantly compared to before the establishment PIVAS,with statistical significance(P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no statistical significance in above indexes between group C and A(P>0.05),and PLT of group B was even significantly higher than group A(P<0.05). Results of investigation of ADs residues in PIVAS environment showed that there were different degrees of MTX and 5-FU residue on the surface of different objects. The residues of ADs from high to low were biological safety cabinet worktops,the floor just below biological safety cabinet,transfer box,transfer window and door handle and infusion bags. CONCLUSIONS:Nursing staff of clinical department with high ADs contact frequency face higher relevant health risks. The establishment of PIVAS can effectively protect the ADs occupational exposure of nursing staff in clinical departments,thereby reducing the above risks.At the same time,there are still different degrees of ADs residues on the surface of different objects in the PIVAS environment,and transshipment out of PIVAS is possible. It is suggested that the awareness of protection against occupational exposure risk caused by ADs residues in PIVAS environment should be improved;unified guideline for ADs dispensing and occupational exposure protection regulations should be formulated as soon as possible,so as to reduce occupational exposure risk associated with ADs for nursing staff in PIVAS and clinical departments.