Lung cancer causes the highest number of cancer-related death in China. Complete surgical resection is currently the best treatment modality for lung cancer. However, only one third of patients with lung cancer can be identified as candidates for operation. The other two thirds are inoperable, because they have late disease with distant metastasis or locally advanced lung cancer involving neighboring organs. Recently introduction of the theory and technique of cardiovascular surgery into lung cancer surgery has made possible en bloc resection of the lung combined with part of the involved left atrium, aorta, superior vena cava, and pulmonary artery. It has made possible for the patients with locally advanced lung cancer, who were thought as surgical contraindication or incurable cases, to not only have complete resection of the tumor, but also achieved long term survival and good life quality without evidence of recurrence and distant metastasis of the cancer.This paper will provide a brief background at the progression of surgical theory and technology of locally advanced lung cancer in China. Besides, the indication, present methods, results of surgical management and multimodality treatment for locally advanced lung cancer, including extended resection and reconstruction of superior vena cava, left atrium, aorta and pulmonary artery will be presented. Finally, the perioperative management for the extended resection of locally advanced lung cancer will also be discussed.

Objective To study the correlation of heart rate variability(HRV) and autonomic nervous function in patients with anxiety neurosis, and provide evidence for prevention and treatment of anxiety disorder. Methods 90 patients with generalized anxiety disorder(GAD) and panic disorder(PD) and 90 healthy persons were tested by psychological questionnaire,the anxiety and depression were assessed by HAMA and HAMD. The average heart rate and HRV index were monitored by 24-hour ambulatory ECG. Results The average heart rate of the anxiety group was higher than the control group, compared with the control group the difference was significant ( P < 0. 05 ); The HRV parameters of the anxiety group were lower than the control group, compared with the control group the difference was significant( P < 0. 05 ) ;The HRV parameters of the GAD group were lower than the control group, the HRV parameters of the PD group were lower than the GAD group, the difference was significant ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion The patients with anxiety neurosis had high sympathetic nerve activity function and autonomic dysfunction, the PD patients had higher sympathetic nerve activity function and autonomic dysfunction than the GAD patients.