Objective To explore the correlation between Parkinson's disease(PD) and living habits.Methods 114 PD cases from ongoing PD prevalence survey in Beijing region and the neurological clinic center of Beijing Union Hospital and 205 controls matched on gender, race and residence were recruited in this study. Through in-person questionnaire interview, general data and living habits such as smoking, tea drinking and alcohol drinking were obtained and analyzed by population-based case control study.Results We observed reduced risk for PD in smokers(OR:0.538; 95%CI: 0.290, 0.998) and tea-drinkers(OR:0.199; 95%CI:0.114,0.346). There was no significant correlation between alcohol drinking and PD.Conclusion An inverse correlation exists in PD with smoking or tea drinking except for alcohol drinking.

Objective To study the frequency of the derivative chromosome 9 [der(9)] deletion among patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and explore the application value of local-specific inspector (LSI) 9q34 probe in detect the der (9) deletion. Methods Cytogenetic analysis was performed by 24 h unstimulated culture, GTG banding and karyotype. Dual colour/dual fusion or extra signal(ES) DNA probe was used to perform interphase-FISH for the detection of bcr-abl fusion gene in 52 patients with CML. LSI 9q34 DNA probe was used to detect der(9) deletion. Results FISH results showed bcr-abl fusion gene existed in all 52 patients with CML. der(9) deletion was detected in 12 patients with ES/DCDF probe, but only in 11 patients with LSI 9q34 probe. Conclusion It's more efficient in detection of der(9) deletion with LSI 9q34 probe. Deletion of der(9) might be a poor prognostic factor for CML patients, and LSI 9q34 probe should be used in all the CML patients with positive bcr-abl fusion gene.

A 28-year-old male patient presented with a 4-year history of a solitary brown mass, and a 1-year history of multiple small papules on the left chest. Skin examination showed a quasi-round brown firm mass measuring about 1.2 cm × 1.1 cm × 1.0 cm in size on the left chest, and several brown papules with diameters ranging from 3 to 5 mm on the right side of the mass; no enlarged lymph nodes were detected in the left axilla on palpation. The mass and papules were completely resected, and histopathological examination showed clustered nevus cells in the superficial dermis of the mass and small papules, and the diagnosis of intradermal nevus was considered. There was a desmoplastic nodule in the mass, nevus cells were scattered among the fibers in the nodule, and giant nevus cells were also observed; the nevus cells in the nodule were relatively larger, epithelioid or spindle-shaped with round or spindle-shaped nuclei, obvious nucleoli, and rare mitotic figures. Immunohistochemical study showed that the nevus cells in both the intradermal nevus and proliferative nodule were positive for S100; the nevus cells in the superficial dermis of the intradermal nevus were positive for Melan-A and HMB45, while the nevus cells in the proliferative nodule were negative for Melan-A and HMB45; both the intradermal nevus and proliferative nodule tissues showed a Ki-67 index of 1%, positive staining for CD34, but negative staining for P16 and P63. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with intradermal nevus associated with desmoplastic nodule.

Objective To explore the dysfunction of dendritic cells (DC) related to TGFβ reversed after blocking the TGFβ signal pathway by recombinant adenovirus vector encoding for Smad7.Methods Smad7 by recombinant adenovirus vector was transfected into dendritic cells.Expression of immunologic phenotypes was detected by FCM,and CTL activity induced by DC was compared.Results The DC modified with Smad7 still expressed high adhesiveness factor related to maturation even if existing exogenous TGFβ1,which was significant statistically compared with DC transfected with control adenoviral vector (P ＜0.01).Even if existing exogenous TGFβ1,the DC modified with Smad7 pulsed with soluble antigen associated with Lewis pulmonary carcinoma could still induce potent CTL activity against Lewis pulmonary carcinoma,which showed significant difference with DC-Ad-c (P ＜0.01).Conclusion The inhibitory effects on function of DC of TGFβ may be reversed by blocking the Smad signal of TGFβ pathway.

Objective To investigate the clinical values of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in diagnosis of miscarried chorionic villi genetic disorders. Methods Patients who underwent miscarriage (n=87) were enrolled in this study. Among all patients, 32 cases were of recurrent miscarrage and 55 cases were of sporadic miscarriage. In all collected patients, 35 women were 35 years or older while other 52 women were less than 35 years old. Positive detection rate and the abnormal detection rate were compared between these two methods. Chromosomes abnormal rates were also compared among different types of miscarrage and different ages. All aborted villi tissue were analyzed by NGS of whole genome and G-band?ing karyotype. Results The successful detection rate of chorionic villi by NGS (100.00%) was higher than that of G-band?ing karyotype (74.71%), and the detection rate of abnormal chorionic villi by NGS (58.62%) was also higher than that of G-banding karyotype (50.77%). Three cases of chromosome structure anomaly were found in those 51 chromosome anomalies (5.88%). Other 48 cases of chromosome anomalies were aneuploidy anomalies (94.12%) include 39 cases of trisomy, 2 cases of double trisomy and 1 case of triple trisomy and 6 cases of monomer. On the other hand, 32 cases of chromosome aneuploi?dy anomalies were found in 33 chromosome anomalies by G-banding karyotype, which include 24 cases of trisomy, 2 cases of double trisomy, 1 case of triple trisomy, 5 cases of monomer and 1 case of chromosome structure anomaly. Most NGS re?sults (n=64) were in agreement with G-banding karyotype but with 1 case of discrepancy. Chromosomal abnormality rate de?tected by NGS in sporadic miscarrage group and recurrent spontaneous miscarrage group were 60.00%and 56.25%respective?ly. There was no significant difference (P>0.05). Chromosomal abnormality rate picked by NGS in women aged≥35 years old (71.43%) was higher than that in women<35 years old (50.00%) with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclu?sion NGS technology showed highly accuracy in detecting chromosomal abnomality from villi tissue. Therefore, it could help to detect genetic disorders of miscarrage. It is useful to determine the reasons of miscarrage and guide the next pregnancy.

Objective: To observe the effects of procyanidins on myocardial apoptosis and related protein expressions of caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax in experimental rats with ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods: A total of 40 male SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: Sham group, IR group, Low-dose procyanidin (50 mg?kg-1) group, and High-dose procyanidin (100 mg?kg-1) group. n=10 in each group and the rats were pre-treated by intra gastric drug administration once/day for 2 weeks, then left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion was conducted for 30 minutes followed by reperfusion for 120 minutes to establish IR model. Blood levels of CK-MB activity and myocardial infarction (MI) size were examined; protein expressions of caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by Western blot analysis; myocardial apoptotic index was measured by TUNEL method. Results: Compared with Sham group, IR group presented the higher CK-MB activity, enlarged MI size, increased index of apoptosis, elevated protein expressions of caspase-3 and Bax, while reduced protein expression of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, P<0.05. Compared with IR group, both Low-dose and High-dose procyanidin groups had the lower CK-MB activity, smaller MI size, decreased index of apoptosis, reduced protein expressions of caspase-3 and Bax, while elevated protein expression of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax,P<0.05. Conclusion: Procyanidin could reduce myocardial apoptosis index in experimental IR rats, which might be related to decreased protein expressions of caspase-3 and Bax, increased protein expression of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.

Objective To investigate the effects on pelvic pseudocyst,ovarian function and symptoms of peri-menopausal period in patients with benign uterine disease undergoing simultaneous hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy.Methods From Jan.2000 to Dec.2006,1193 patients with benign uterine disease underwent total or subtotal hysterectomy,they were followed up for 48 months,334 patients lost follow-up,the other 859 patients were divided into 2 groups,including 348 patients undergoing simultaneous hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy in study group and 511 patients undergoing only hysterectomy in control group.The occurrence of pelvic pseudocyst and symptoms of peri-menopausal period and the changes of serum sexual hormone were observed.Results ( 1 ) The rate of pelvic pseudocyst was 1.7％ (6/348) in study group,which was significantly lower than 4.3％ (22/511) in control group (P =0.036).(2) There was an increasing trend of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and a decreasing trend of estradiol ( E2 ) at range of 6 - 48 months after surgery.At 3 months after surgery,LH in study group was significantly higher than that in control group [ (13.9 ±2.2) U/L vs.(12.6 ± 2.5 ) U/L,P =0.032 ]; FSH in study group at 6 months and 12 months after surgery were ( 17.6 ± 2.2) U/L and (26.7 ± 5.0) U/L,which were significantly higher than ( 16.2 ± 2.8 ) U/L and (24.3 ±3.1) U/L in control group (P=0.035 and P =0.031).At 12 months after surgery,LH in study group of (24.1 ±3.0) U/L was significantly higher than (22.5 ± 1.8) U/L in control group (P =0.017).E2 in control group of (97 ±22) pmol/L was significantly lower than ( 109 ± 17) pmol/L in control group at 24 months after surgery ( P =0.028) ; FSH in study group was lower than that in control group at 48 months after surgery [ (34.9 ± 6.7 ) U/L vs.(38.0 ± 4.8 ) U/L,P =0.043 ].There were no significant differences of FSH,LH,and E2 between two groups at the other time points (P ＞ 0.05 ).(3) At 6 months after surgery,the rate of perimenopausl systems of 21.8％ (76/348) in study group was significantly higher than 15.9％ (81/511 ) in control group ( P =0.026).However,at 24 months after surgery,the rate of perimenopausal symptoms of 54.4％ (278/511) in control group was significantly higher than 47.1％ (164/348) in study group (P =0.036).ConclusionSimultaneous hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy could decrease the occurrence of pelvic pseudocyst,and had similar effects on ovarian function and peri-menopausal symptoms compared with only hysterectomy in patients with benign uterine diseases.

To observe the protective effects of drug-contained serum of Lingqi Huangban Granule (LQHBG), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on oxidative stress-induced injury in rabbit retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vitro.

Objective To generate of human induced pluripotent stem cells from umbilical cord matrix cells(UMC).Methods Sox2 and Klf4 and Oct4 and c-Myc were transfected into UMC cells with retrovirus,and thcn UMC cells was reprogrammed to iPS cells.Gene expression was confirmed with RT -PCR and the integration was confirmed with cell karyotype.iPS cells were further validatcd with cell alkaline phosphatase detection and immunofluorescence staining,differentiating into teratomas in vivo and embryoid bodies in vitro.Results iPS cells were similar to embryonic stem cells (ES).The expression of Nanog,Oct4,Rex1 and Sox2 in iPS cells were higher than UMC cells,and Sox2,Klf4,Oct4,c-Myc silenced in iPS cells.Exogenous genes were inserted into the nucleus of iPS cells,which was confirmed by 1％ agarose gel electrophoresis.iPS ccll karyotype was normal,alkaline phosphatase activity increased,ES cell-specific proteins,including SSEA3,SSEA4,TRA-1-60,TRA-1-81 and Nanog,were expressed.iPS cells were differentiated into a teratoma in vivo and embryoid bodies in vitro.Conclusions iPS cells were similar to ES cells,which had pluripotency.

Objective To identify the effect of SBAR (situation, background, assessment, recom-mendation) in OR (operating room)nursing teaching rounds. Methods According to internship turns, rou-tine group (even number, Group A:68 students) and SBAR group (odd number, Group B:70 students) were chosen by drawing lots. Group A used conventional mode for history report, while Group B used SBAR mode. Students' performance was evaluated by OR nurse students' rounds standard scale and the reporting time was recorded. Each nurse students filled in Communication Self-efficacy Evaluation Form on the fifth week in OR. The information was input into excel. The results of the two groups were compared with SPSS 11, and the data were analyzed by chi square test and t test. Results The average reporting quality score was 16.74 for Group A, and 18.66 for Group B. The average score of Group B was higher than that of Group A. Compared with the cases scores above 18 between the two groups, the result was statistically significant, P=0.039. The average score of communication Self-efficacy in Group A was 42.88, while it was 44.94 in Group B, which showed that Group B had better score than that of Group A. Significant differences was found between the two groups when compared the cases with score above 45, P=0.010. The average reporting time was (2.42±1.16) minutes for Group A and (2.32±1.21) for Group B, and there is no significant differences between the 2 groups. Conclusion SBAR is helpful for improving students communication Self-efficacy, and making progress on nursing round reporting quality,and it is worth promoting in clinical teaching.