Objective To investigate the status of TCM development in Chongqing city,and to put forward countermeasures and suggestions of the development of Chinese medicine in view of the existing problems,so as to provide reference for the government and relevant departments.Methods The relevant questionnaires were issued and recycled in 20 districts and counties of Chongqing city.Part of the data culled from Chinese management office yearbooks of Chongqing.Finally,comprehensive analysis was per-formed.Results There′s enormous upside potential for the development of Chongqing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),but there were some problems and deficiencies.The main problems were as follows:the TCM characteristics not brought into full play in traditional Chinese Medicine hospitals,lack of following talents,unsound organization management of traditional Chinese medi-cine,the government′s insufficient investment and attention for traditional Chinese medicine (hospitals,schools,“hand-to-hand”ap-proach),not enough national policy support for TCM,TCM hospitals and folk medicines of ethnic minorities,and insufficient exca-vation in ethnic minority medicine.Conclusion In order to adapt to the development of Chinese medicine and to meet the growing requirements of Chinese medicine,some countermeasures should be taken as follows:giving full play to the characteristics of tradi-tional Chinese medicine,strengthening personnel training in Chinese medicine,reforming the management mechanism,increasing the government investment,strengthening policy support for Chinese medicine and folk medicines of ethnic minorities,accelerating the process of TCM standardization,scientific and internationalization.It is suggested that the miscellaneous diseases &incurable dis-ease medicine research office and slow disease traditional Chinese medicine health care office should be established under the TCM management office.Specialized agencies are advised to mine and collect herbal remedies,recipes in ethnic minority area and so on.

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome(PSIS) is a rare disease characterized by different degrees of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency.The typical imaging finding is a thin or absent pituitary stalk,often associated with an ectopic posterior pituitary and a hypoplastic anterior pituitary.The cause is still unkown.Dynamic contrastenhanced MRI helps to confirm the diagnosis.Replacement of multiple anterior pituitary hormones is the key of the treatment.Doctors should have a thorough understanding of the disease and give patients efficacious treatment and a better prognosis would be obtained.

BACKGROUND: The relationship of trace element and human body health is increasingly paid more attention. Many trace elements are indispensable for organism. The lack of trace element is closely related to the occurrence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease, while the medicative effect of traditional Chinese medicine depends on the sorts and level of the contained trace elements.OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Zn and Fe in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions for the treatment of cerebrovascular disease.SETTING: Medical Experimental Center of Jilin Medical College.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out in the Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology during March to May 2003. Ten traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions Naosaitong, Qiangli Tianma Duzhong Wan,Kangshuan Wan, Tongmai Ningxin Chongji, Rongshuan Jiaonang,Buchang Naoxintong, Dahuoluodan, Zhongfeng Huichun Wan, Xiaoshuan Tongluo Jioonang and Huatuo ZaizaoWan, purchased from market were selected for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular disease in this study.Strong HNO3 and grade-guaranteed reagent were made in Beijing Chemical Co. Ltd; HC1O4 and another kind of grade-guaranteed reagent were made in Tianjin Dongfang Chemical Co. Ltd.METHODS: Ten pills and 10 tablets were chosen and crushed evenly respectively. Two portions were equally chosen from each sample, 1.00 geach portion, and placed in ten 50 mL conical flask respectively. Then,strong HNO3 of 10 mL was used to envelop the conical flask, overnight. On the next day, strong HNO3 of 10 mL and HClO4 of 5 mL were respectively added into each flask, then which was slowly heated on the electric hot plate. When about 2 mL liquid was left in the conical flask, another 20 mL strong HNO3 and 5 mL HC1O4 were respectively added to further digest till the solution was achromatic and transparent, and flask was nearly dried.After cooled, the samples were transferred to a 25 mL volumetric flask and metered with 3% HNO3. The level of Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Zn and Fe 6 metallic elements in10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions was measured respectively with atomic absorption spectrophotometry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The level of Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Zn and Fe 6 metallic elements in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions.RESULTS: Among the levels of metallic elements in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions, the level of Mg was found the most in Rongshuan Jiaonang [(89.201 6±0.855 4) mg/g]; The level of Ca the most in Dahuoluodan [(14.312 5±0.507 0) mg/g]; Zn and Fe the most abundant in Kangshuan Wan [(60.487 5±1.639 8)mg/g and(980.081 2±15.395 9) mg/g respectively]; while the level of Cr very more in the Xiaoshuan Tongluo Jiaonang [(9.881 2±0.734 4) mg/g].CONCLUSION: Six metallic elements are all abundant in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions, but significant differences exist.Experimental results provide some evidences for investigating the relationship of the levels of metallic elements in 10 traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions and the therapeutic effect on treating cerebrovascular disease.

Objective　To explore the prophylactic effect of T cell vaccination (TCV) on type 1 diabetes. Methods　6-week-old nondiabetic femele NOD mice were vaccinated intraperitoneally with the attenuated, activated T lymphocytes isolated from the spleen of 4-week-old nondiabetic NOD mice, 18-week-old newly diabetic NOD mice and 32-week-old long-term diabetic NOD mice. The incidence of cyclophosphamide-treated diabetes, inflammatory score of insulitis in NOD mice as well as T lymphocyte subset changes in spleen and thymus were determined after TCV. Results　TCV was able to reduce the incidence of cyclophosphamide-treated diabetes, to alleviate insulitis, to increase the percentage of CD8+ T lymphocyte subset in spleen and CD4- CD8+ simple-positive T lymphocyte in thymus, and to decrease the percentage of IL-2R+ T lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ rate in spleen. Conclusion　TCV may decrease host autoimmunity, which seems related to the changes of T lymphocyte subsets in spleen and thymus and prophylactic effect on diabetes.

Objective To evaluate prognostic value of N-terminal B-type brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) combined with galectin 3 of prognostic value in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods Determination of 92 cases of CHF patients on admission and at discharge plasma NT-proBNP and galectin-3 levels,then after the patients discharge we follow up 16 months and observe the internal recurrent heart failure hospitalization rate and mortality.Results In patients the heart function of New York Heart Association (NYHA) Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ level,NT-proBNP were (351.6 ± 467.5) pg/ml,(493.2 ± 411.7) pg/ml,(1 289.6 ± 737.8) pg/ml,(2 719.2 ± 1 044.1) pg/ml,galectin-3 (12.23 ± 6.12) ng/ml,(13.59± 5.46) ng/ml,(19.18 ± 7.44) ng/ml,(26.61 ± 8.82) ng/ml as well.NT-proBNP and galectin-3 levels were increased with the depression of cardiac function.The patients who had higher NT-proBNP or galectin3 levels discharged and occurred the more probability of re-hospitalization on account of heart failure or death.Compared to those patients with one of them increased,the patients whose discharge NT-proBNP and galectin-3 value were both increased with significantly poor outcome.Conclusions Both NT-proBNP and galectin-3 were independent predictors of poor prognosis in patients with heart failure.Galectin-3 combined with NT-proBNP can assess the prognosis of patients with CHF more effectively.

Objective To investigate the value of prenatal ultrasound observation of subaortic conical connection in the diagnosis of complete transposition of great arteries(TGA).Methods Echocardiography findings of 22 cases with complete TGA confirmed by autopsy were retrospectively analyzed and summarized.Results All cases were shown subaortic conical connection on two-dimensional echocardiography,the two great arteries were parallel in 18 cases on left ventricular long-axis view,the character of normal right ventricular outflow tract surrounding the aortic root disappeared in 17 cases.There were 13 cases with ventricular septal defect and 2 cases with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.Aorta and pulmonary artery were shown in right anterior and left posterior position among 20 cases,and in anterior and posterior position in 2 cases.Conclusions Prenatal ultrasound observation of subaortic conical connection is of great value in the diagnosis of complete TGA.

Objective To explore the clinical value of prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal pulmonary atresia.Methods The data of echocardiography in 7 fetus with pulmonary atresia confirmed by autopsy were analysed retrospectively,the characteristics of abnormal ultrasound imaging were summarized.Results The dysplastic main pulmonary had been detected only in one fetus by two-dimensional echocardiography,five cases were shown ventricular septal defect with straddle of aortic root on the ventricular septum,two cases with intact ventricular septum had hypoplasis of right heart.Color Doppler flow imaging showed the reverse flow of ductus arteriosus in 5 cases and tricuspid regurgitation in 3 cases.Five cases were diagnosed pulmonary atresia,one case was hypoplasia of right heart,and one case was mistaken for persistent truncus arteriosus.Conclusions Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of tetal pulmonary atresia has great clinical value,the reverse flow of ductus arteriosus is an important clue to diagnosis.

Background and purpose:The development of gastric cancer has a long course from chronic mucosal inflammation and involves a lot of genes.We investigated the different gene expression profiles with gene chip of high flux between gastric cancer and chronic atrophic gastritis so as to analyze their biologic significance,combined with endoscopic findings and surgical pathology.Methods:Paired pathological and non-pathological specimens from 23 patients with gastric cancer and 15 with chronic atrophic gastritis were enrolled for the study.Gene chip with 13 824 genes/ESTs was employed for detection of the expression profile,while endoscopic and pathologic findings were collected for evaluation.Data were analyzed by average-linkage hierarchical clustering,t test and Fisher calculation of exact probability.Results:Fifty-three specific genes were filtered from gastric cancer group,and 21 from chronic atrophic gastritis group.In the former group,STS,HAP1 and some other relatively specific genes were expressed in correlation to the Borrmann's classification,while in the latter group,BRD3 and BF508879 were demonstrated positively in correlation to intestinal metaplasia.However,there were also some specific genes,such as SLC26A3,related to precancerous condition,commonly expressed in both two groups.Conclusions:There was either homogenous or heterogeneous gene expression profile in gastric cancer as well as in chronic atrophic gastritis.Abnormal gene expressions were related to precancerous conditions or precancerous lesions and to biologic behavior of tumor.The difference and comparability of gene expression in the two groups studied shows the continuity and pertinence of the two diseases.

BACKGROUND: It is indicated in latest research that in cerebral protective measures of cerebral vasospasm induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage due to various factors in acute stage, mild hypothermia has been drawn the attention specially and it has been recommended in clinical practice. But such therapy is generally limited in experimental research and aneurysm hemorrhage, the clinical research on subhypothermia probably provides important influence on cerebral vasospasm in severe craniocerebral injury.OBJECTIVE: Based on cerebral vascular hemodynamical indexes (CVDI),the cerebral protection of subhypothermia was observed on cerebral vasospasm in severe craniocerebral injury.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Neurological Surgery of No.16 Hospital of Chinese PLA and General Military Institute of Neurological Medical Science in Zhujiang Hospital Affiliated to First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 36 cases of severe craniocerebral injury were selected in General Military Institute of Neurological Medical Science in Zhujiang Hospital Affiliated to First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from July 1997 to August 1999, which were randomized into the control and treatment group, 18 cases in each one. At same period, 24 cases with normal CVDI were screened and taken as normal group. All of receptors participated in the experiment in volunteer.METHODS: In both the control and treatment group, the treatment was applied with anti-inflammation, stopping bleeding, fluid limitation, dehydration, supporting, hyperbaric oxygen, etc. In the control, the normal body temperature was maintained and in treatment group, anus temperature was dropped to about 33 ℃ in 4 hours to 8 hours, which was maintained for 3-test was given on the day of injury (0), on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days assay was done on the day of injury (0), on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days successively, in which, minimum blood velocity (Vmin) and minimum blood flow (Qmin) reflect blood supply of distal cerebral vessel and blood flow.Cerebral vessel resistance (CVR) reflects smooth degree of cerebral microcirculation. Dynamical resistance (DR) reflects auto-regulation of cerebral vessel. Criteria of evaluation: Recovery state of consciousness was justified according to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in 1 week after injury. The outcomes were evaluated according to Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) in 3 months (5 score: good, 4 score: moderate handicapped, 3 score: severely handicapped, 2 score: vegetative state and 1 score: death). The case over 4 score indicated good outcome.ery of consciousness and outcomes in 1 week after injury in the control and treatment group.RESULTS: Totally 36 cases of severe craniocerebral injury entered result phases after injury in the control, named hypoperfusion phase (0 day), hyperperfusion phase (1-3 days), cerebral vasospasm phase (4-14 days) and improving phase (＞15 days). In treatment group, 3 phases were manifested,named hypoperfusion phase (0 day), improving phase (1-3 days) and recovery phase (＞ 4 days), without hyperperfusion phase. Eight cases and 2 cases of cerebral vasospasmodic changes in CVDI presented in the control in focus: The maximum volume (140.9±22.95) cm3 was on the 14th day after injury in the control and that (95.83-±14.97) cm3 was on the 3rd day in treatment group. On the 14th day after injury, the volume in treatment group in 1 week after injury: It was 22.2% (4/18) in the control and 55.6%(10/18) (P ＜ 0.05) in treatment group. Improving outcome rate: It was 38.9% (7/18) and 66.7% (12/18) in treatment group.CONCLUSION: Subhypothermia reduces incidence of cerebral vasospasm by stabilizing cerebral circulation after severe craniocerebral injury, especially by inhibiting acute hyperperfusion after the injury so that the volume of cerebral edema in focus is lessened remarkably and the prognosis is improved.