Objective To understand the psychological needs of old people in nursing homes,so that more humanistic services will be supplied to old people,and hopefully to facilitate the management of the nursing home facilities.Methods Field research method was used in this paper in four nursing homes in Chongqing City.Data were collected by observation and interview.Results Data were coded and translated into three themes:wishing to be listened,especially the new resident; eager to be more respected and the feeling of being at home; the most important thing was happiness.Conclusions To concern the psychological needs of old people in nursing homes and supply corresponding service have a significant meaning for improving the survival state and their life quality,as well as increase service level.

Objective To check the maneuverability of the nursing safety management indicators for skilled nursing facilities.Methods A hospital based skilled nursing facility in Chongqing was chosen as the main study target while a Red Cross nursing hospital in Shanghai which operated earlier was also included as a comparison object.Combination of files reference,on-the-scene observation,manager interviews,sampling survey and institution's self-assessment,scores of indicators were calculated,and the total scores for both institutions were calculated as well.Results The institution from Chongqing marked 81 points while the other one got 86 points.Conclusions The indicator system had good maneuverability and the weight of indexes was consistent with the practical requirement of safety management.This indicator system could provide reference for standardize skilled nursing facilities' management,but still needed further revision and consummation.

Objective To know the situation of teaching and teacher preparation for nursing under-graduates, and then reference to reasonable clinical teaching mode. Methods Investigated clinical pre-ceptors from 30 hospitals by serf-designed questionnair to know their basic situation, and then investigated nursing undergruaduates who had enter school in 2004 to know their evaluation about their preceptors in the aspect of basic quality. Results In professional tides, most of the teachers are nurse-in-charge, and have been working over 10 years, but qualification certificates levels were low and 50% of them teaching. Experience was short and not qualified to the popurse of bachelors degree, nurse-in-charge and more than five years nursing experience. The ratio in thesis writing, teaching training and awards are rather low. There were teaching assessment from students, mainly in teaching and research initiative. Conclusions The qualities of nursing teachers should be defined and should be established standard teaching training system and qualification organization, the capabilities of teaching and research innovations should be improved.

Objective To investigate the effect of noninvasive ventilator therapy on serum C-reactive protein (CRP), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and its clinical significance. Methods One hundred cases of moder-ate and severe OSAHS patients were selected by the method of parallel opening. All of the patients were given health education requirement , quitting smoking and wine , low fat diet and exercise to lose weight and other con-ventional treatment. The patients were randomly divided into the treatment group of 42 cases with noninvasive ventilator treatment , 44 cases treated with conventional treatment , to observe the changes of serum CRP , ET-1 and TNF-α levels and PSG parameters after 12 weeks in two groups. Results Apnea hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), the lowest oxygen saturation (LSpO2), and the average oxygen saturation MSpO2 in OSAHS patients were significantly improved after treatment (P < 0.01), but the degree of improvement in the two groups after treatment was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.01). Plasma CRP, ET-1 and TNF-α levels in the two groups after treatment were lower than before treatment (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0 . 05 or P < 0 . 01 ) . Conclusion Noninvasive ventilator therapy in improving the OSAHS monitoring data of patients with PSG can effectively reduce the serum CRP, TNF-α, ET-1 level, reduce the body′s inflammatory reaction.

Aim To investigate the expression of mGluR1 in hippocampus of spontaneously epileptic rats(SER) by control study.Methods Total RNA was extracted from hippocampus of SER and Wistar rats,and mGluR1 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR;the expression of mGluR1 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results mGluR1 mRNA of SER was lower than that of Wistar rats in hippocampus(P0.05) were found.In positive cells,mGluR1 proteins were enhanced.By Western blot,total mGluR1 protein was down-regulated in SER hippocampus(P

Objective: To develop a headspace gas chromatography ( HS-GC ) assay for simultaneous determination of dichloroacetic acid ( DCA ) and trichloroacetic acid ( TCA ) in urine. Methods: Urine samples (5 mL) were transferred to a 22 mL headspace bottle, added with 0.5 mL 10% sodium acetate solution , immediately sealed, and shaken evenly. The bottle was placed in the HS-GC system, and equilibrated at 90 ℃ for 60 minutes. The mixture was separated with the HP-INNOWAX chromatographic column, and the DCA and TCA concentrations were detected with the hydrogen flame detector. Results: Under the optimal experimental conditions, the correlation coefficient of DCA and TAC was both > 0.999 0 within the range of 10-500.0 μg/L, and the lowest detection limits of DCA and TAC were 2.0 and 3.5 μg/L, with the spike recovery rate of 87.40% to 101.44%, and relative standard deviations of 1.89% to 3.25%. Of the 35 urine samples sampled from occupational populations, DCA and TCA were not detected. Conclusions The establishment of the HS-GAS assay through addition of sodium acetate and optimization of the headspace conditions, has high recovery and precision, which is effective to meet the requirements for daily determination of DCA and TCA in urine samples.

To establish vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) as secretary biomarkers for cell growth on topographic substrates, we have evaluated the secretion and expression of these 2 factors by SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells on poly-L-lactide (PLLA) micropillar arrayed topographic substrates. We fabricated topographic substrates with UV lithography, silicon etching and polydimethylsiloxane-based replica molding, and interfaced SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells with both the topographic substrates and PLLA flat substrates. Cell morphology and spreading were examined with scanning electron microscopy. The secretion and mRNA expression of VEGF and IL-8 were evaluated with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real time qPCR, respectively, 24 hours after cell plating. We successfully achieved 4 topographic substrates with a nominal pillar diameter of 2 microm and 4 microm, and a nominal pillar spacing of 2 microm and 7 microm. We found that the secretion and mRNA expression of VEGF and/or IL-8 by SH-SY5Y cells on 2-2 microm (pillar diameter-spacing), 4-2 microm and 4-7 microm topographic substrates were upregulated in comparison to those by cells on PLLA flat substrate, 24 hours after cell plating. Furthermore, both cytokines were even more substantially upregulated on the 2-7 microm substrate than on the other 3 topographic substrates. Compared to those on PLLA flat substrate, cells on topographic substrates showed significant changes in morphology (spreading area, perimeter and roundness), and the increase in the secretion and mRNA expression of VEGF and IL-8 was accompanied with a decrease in cell spreading areas. These results provided evidence that pillar arrayed topography was an important microenvironmental factor in affecting VEGF and IL-8 expression or secretion, and VEGF and IL-8 might serve as important secretary biomarkers for growth on topographic substrates by SH-SY5Y cells.
Biomarkers ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Cellular Microenvironment ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; genetics ; secretion ; Neuroblastoma ; secretion ; Polyesters ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; secretion

Objective To prospectively explore the techniques and correction results of the method of vertebral coplanar alignment (VCA) in posterior correction for thoracic scoliosis. Methods Between June 2008 to March 2009, 27 patients with idiopathic thoracic scoliosis were selected to undergo posterior pedicle screw fixation with assistance of Coplanar system. There were 26 females and 1 male with the average age of 15.9 years(ranged 11-23 years). There were type 1 in 25 cases and type 2 in two cases. The levels of fusion were established according to the Lenke criteria. The average preoperative coronal Cobb angle was 49°(ranged 40°-70° ). During the procedure, the pedicle screws were inserted in each involved levels on the convex side, an extended Coplanar tube was screwed in line with screw axis to each screws. Then two rigid bars were inserted through the uppermost part of the slotted tube sequentially. As the bar was gently driven down toward the bottom end, the pedicle screws axis started to converge in the straight line, correcting translation and rotation. Spacers were inserted into the slots of the tubes to achieve the ideal physiologic thoracic kyphosis. Once the rod was fixated in the concave side of the main curve, the Coplanar system could be removed. Results The mean postoperative Cobb angle was 14° (ranged 6°-25°), representing the correction rate of 70.7%. The average duration of surgery was 245 min (ranged 210-300 min) and a mean estimated blood loss was 1500 ml (ranged 600-2100 ml). The duration of follow-up averaged 15 (12-18) months. The loss of correction at last follow-up was 3° with the loss of correction rate of 6.1%. In the sagittal plane, the thoracic kyphosis was restored from 18° to 25°. No coronal or sagittal plane decompensation occurred. No thoraeoplasties were necessary to correct the residual rib hump. There was no death, infection and neurological complications. Conclusion The Coplanar is a new technique for the correction of scoliosis, its advantage lies in excellent and modulatable three-dimensional correction with a single and standardized maneuver.