Objective To observe the effect of thymic peptide on the serum levels of IL-10 and IFN-? in patients with varruca planea and the effect of treatment.Methods Double-antibody sandwich ELISA was used to detect the serum levels of interleukin-10(IL-10) and interferon-gamma(IFN-?) in normal persons and varruca planea patients with thymic peptide and control before and after treatment.Results Before treatment,the serum levels of IL-10 were significantly higher in patients,while the levels of IFN-? were significantly lower than that in normal people(P0.05).The levels of IL-10 in the thymic peptide group were lower than those of control group,while the levels of IFN-? were higher than those of control group after treatment (p

The results showed that the survival rate increased by 40. 0%-80. 0% ,the level of 6-keto PGP1? increased by 38. 3%-79. 2%,and the product of TXB2 decreased by 24. 5%-58. 8% by the purified oil of Anguilla japonica (POAJ) 139. 6,279. 2,558. 4 and 1116. 8?g ? g-1 in mice. The ratio of 6-keto-PGF1? to TXB2 were enhanced markedly,in which the ratioes were 1.12 (control group) ,2. 05,2. 65,3. 57 and 4. 89 (drug group).

Alzheimer′s disease ( AD) is a type of neurodegener-ative disease. Recent studies indicate that neuronal degeneration and loss triggered by tau, APP and Aβare the probable risks for AD. Neurofibrillary tangles are formed after tau truncated by ac-tivated caspases and subsequently induced tau aggregates, which causes neuronal degeneration and loss. In addition, caspases are crucial components in the biological functioning in the apoptosis pathways. Apoptosis pathway involves activation of upstream ini-tiator caspase-8 and downstream executor caspase-3/-6/-7. After the actions of β- and γ-secretase, APP transforms into sAPPβand Aβ40/42 . Aggregated Aβ42 can activate apoptosis pathway through DR4/5 interaction. C-APP is truncated into C31 frag-ments by caspases and cell apoptosis is facilitated. N-APP, a product of sAPPβhydrolysis, can promote the abnormal develop-ment of neurons mediated by DR6. Caspase activates γ-secre-tase-activating protein to regulate activity ofγ-secretase, and the production of C31 and Aβ40/42 , which, then, causes the occur-rence of AD. This brief review summarizes the specific roles of caspases and the concerning apoptosis pathways on the mecha-nisms of neuronal degeneration and loss, and how they impact the occurrence of AD in the hope of uncovering additional poten-tial therapeutic targets that can be employed in drug development and clinical therapy for AD.

A GC method is described for measuring fentanyl in man plasma. Fentanyl was extracted at basic pH with cyclohexane-isobutyl alcohol (197:3) with Ro21-2212 added as internal standard and fentanyl derivative as earner. The drug was back-extracted in H2SO4, then the extract was made basic and recxtracted with ethyl ether-dichloromethane (9:1). The organic phase was evaporated at 40℃ under N2 and the residue was dissolved in ethanol. A. portion (2?l) was analyzed on a wide-bore capillary column (10 m ? 0.53 mm) of HP-1 (2.65 ?m), operated at 255℃ with N2 as carrier gas (8 ml/min) and N -P detector. The calibration graph was linear within the ranges of 0.25-100 ng/ml with a corelation coefficient of 0.9996 and the detected limit was 0.2 ng/ml. Mean recovery was 99.02% ? 6.81%. The coefficient of variation for the within- and between-run were all less than 8%. No interference was found from endogenous compounds, metabolites of parent drug or other commonly used drugs. The method was applied to therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies.

AIM: To investigate the effects of alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln) on expression of iNOS and TNF-? in injured intestinal mucosa induced by oral tacrolimus(FK506). METHODS: Twenty-four BALB/c mice were randomized to receive orally 0.2 mL of normal saline solution ( groupⅠ), 0.2 mL of FK506 in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg (groupⅡ) or 1.0 mg/kg (groupⅢ), and orally high-dose FK506 (0.2 mL, 1.0 mg/kg) plus intraperitoneal injection of Ala-Gln (0.5 g/kg )(groupⅣ),respectively. Damages of intestinal mucosa were determined by pathological examination. Intestinal mucosal permeability was analysed by FITC-dextran fluorescence assay. Expression of iNOS and TNF-? in intestine was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.RESULTS: Severe damage on the villi and increased intestinal permeability were observed in high-dose FK506 treated mice according to scanning electron microscopy and FITC-dextran flux respectively. The erosion and increased intestinal permeability were significantly alleviated by Ala-Gln treatment. Transcription of iNOS mRNA and TNF-? mRNA, which was up-regulated in high-dose FK506 treated group, was also markedly down-regulated in mice combined with Ala-Gln-treatment. A significantly increased expression of iNOS and TNF-? protein was found in the high-dose FK506 treated mice, while small amounts of these proteins were identified in the Ala-Gln-treated group.CONCLUSION: FK506 could induce a significant impairment of intestinal mucosa morphologically, which might be associated with up-regulated expression of iNOS and TNF-? in small intestinal mucosa. Subsequently, the intestinal permeability is increased. Ala-Gln has a strong protective effect on FK506-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, probably relates to the down-regulation of iNOS and TNF-? expression.

Objective To amplify the encoding full-length sequence of Tibet mini-pigs myostatin ( MSTN) gene and analysis the sequence by bioinformatics software.Method The RNA of liver tissues from Tibet mini-pig was extracted, and reversely transcribed into cDNA.The gene coding region sequence of myostatin gene was amplified through RT-PCR, and then the purified product of PCR was ligated with a pMD19-T and transferred into the bacterium DH5αfor replication.The positive clones were screened and sequenced. The sequence characters were analyzed by using bioinformatics method and phylogeny evolution tree was constructed with other twelve species.Results The coding redion of MSTN gene was 1128bp, and coded 375 amino acids.The amino acid homology analysis showed that the homology rate of amino acid sequence was 99%.Conclusions Molecular phylogeny evolution indicated that it had a close relation with human, dog, banna minipig, sheep, goat, cattle, horse, chimpanzee, rat, mouse except chick and zebrafish, and the most closely related with banna minipig.

Objective To distinguish residual tumor from inflammation after radiofrequency ablation (RA) for hepatic VX2 carcinoma in rabbits according to the comparative study between CT and pathological findings.Methods CT and pathologic examination were performed in different stages of RFA for rabbits hepatic VX2 models,and their different performances were observed.Results Marginal enhancement band was showed with enhanced CT of both residual tumor and inflammation.Moreover,liver tissues peripheral to enhancement band were in gradual weaken pattern.The enhancement band of inflammation was most obvious on the 2~(nd) day after RFA,but weakened gradually and disappeared two weeks later.Conclusion The residual tumor and inflammation could not be distinguished through enhanced CT scanning within 1 week after RFA.Low intensity lesions with peripheral enhancement 2 weeks after RFA should be recognized as residual tumor.

Objective To investigate the association of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, heat shock protein (HSP)70-2 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility of acute pancreatitis(AP). Methods Using case-control method,The gene polymor?phism of TNF-α and HSP70-2 was detected by PCR-RLFP in 72 patients with AP and 71 healthy controls. Results There were no significant differences in proportion of TNF-αgenotype and alleles between AP and control groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in TNF-αgenotype and alleles between severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and light acute pancreatitis (MAP) of AP group (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in white blood cell count, C-reactive pro?tein (CRP), amylase, three acyl glycerin and glucose between TNF-a and HSP70-2 gene of AA type and GA+GG type pa?tients (P>0.05). The HSP70-2 genotype GA+GG proportion was significantly higher in AP group than that of control group (69.4%vs 49.3%). The ratio of patients with G allele was significantly higher in AP group than that of control group(46.5%vs 31.7%). The ratio of patients with GA+GG type AP was significantly higher in SAP patients than that of MAP patients of AP group(81.0% vs 53.3%). There was no significant difference in G allele between SAP and MAP patients (P>0.05). Conclusion TNF-α polymorphisms is not associated with acute pancreatitis. There is an association between HSP70-2 polymorphisms and acute pancreatitis. Carrying the G allele increases the possibility of a severe acute pancreatitis ,which is one of the genetic susceptibility factors of severe acute pancreatitis.

AIM: To investigate the effects of alanyl - glutamine ( Ala -Gln) on expression of iNOS and TNF- α in injured intestinal mucosa induced by oral tacrolimus (FK506). METHODS: Twenty -four BALB/c mice were randomized to receive orally 0.2 mL of normal saline solution ( group Ⅰ ), 0.2 mL of FK506 in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg ( group Ⅱ ) or 1.0 mg/kg (group Ⅲ), and orally high -dose FK506 (0.2 mL, 1.0 mg/kg) plus intraperitoneal injection of Ala -Gln (0.5 g/kg )(group Ⅳ ),respectively. Damages of intestinal mucosa were determined by pathological examination.Intestinal mucosal permeability was analysed by FITC - dextran fluorescence assay. Expression of iNOS and TNF - α in intestine was detected by RT - PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: Severe damage on the villi and increased intestinal permeability were observed in high - dose FK506 treated mice according to scanning electron microscopy and FITC - dextran flux respectively. The erosion and increased intestinal permeability were significantly alleviated by Ala - Gln treatment. Transcription of iNOS mRNA and TNF - α mRNA, which was up - regulated in high - dose FK506 treated group,was also markedly down- regulated in mice combined with Ala- Gln- treatment. A significantly increased expression of iNOS and TNF - α protein was found in the high - dose FK506 treated mice, while small amounts of these proteins were identified in the Ala - Gln - treated group. CONCLUSION: FK506 could induce a significant impairment of intestinal mucosa morphologically, which might be associated with up - regulated expression of iNOS and TNF - α in small intestinal mucosa. Subsequently, the intestinal permeability is increased. Ala - Gln has a strong protective effect on FK506 - induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, probably relates to the down - regulation of iNOS and TNF - α expression.

Objective To analyze the Cyt b gene sequences in Tibet mini-pigs and clarify the differences and genetic relationship with other Chinese pigs.Method The sequence of Cyt b gene was amplified from genome DNA of Tibet mini-pig,Bama miniature pigs,Guizhou xiang pigs and Wuzhishan (WZS) pigs.After sequencing,the base sequences were compared and analysed.The blood relationship tree and evolution position of Tibet mini-pig were established.Result There were 14 mutation sites between domestic pigs in China and pigs from Europe.Besides there was a significant differenee in two nucleotide site:a T→C switch in site 420 and the G→A switch in site 883 at the same time.Conclusion Chinese pigs include Bama miniature pigs,Guizhou xiang pigs and WZS pigs,have a very close blood relationship with some of Tibet mini-pigs.It has been confirmed that there is a certain genetic differentiation in the Tibet mini-pig.