A total of 104 patients with polycystic ovarian changes on ultrasound were divided into polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and polycystic ovaries (PCO) groups according to their clinical symptoms and endocrine examinations.And 40 women with normal ovulation served as the controls.Ovarian volume (OV),ovarian stroma area (SA),ovarian total area (TA) and SA/TA ratio were measured by transvaginal uhrasonography.Their endocrine hormone levels were determined.Patients with PCOS showed significantly higher OV,SA,TA and SA/TA than those of PCO and control groups.SA/TA was positively correlated with testosterone.The median serum levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and inhibit B in the PCO group were intermediate between those in control and PCOS groups.AMH and inhibin B of PCOS were higher than the PCO and control groups.It indicated that the levels of AMH and inhibit B were associated with the degree of polycystic ovaries and they could be used to differentiate PCOS and PCO.SA/TA is associated with the elevated serum testosterone of PCO.And SA/TA is an important ultrasonic parameter for diagnosing PCOS.

Objective To study the effectiveness and safety of methods of transurethral bipolar plasmakinetie prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia with large volume.Methods The transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic prostatectomy with Nesbit (Nesbit group,45 cases)and prying-up technique (pryhag-up group,60 cases)were performed in 105 patients of the prostatic volume of more than 60 g.The results could be obtained by comparing operative time,intraoperative and postoperative blood loss and the time of postoperative sustained washing of the bladder between the two groups.Results In Nesbit group,the efficiency of average cutting gland was (0.79±0.17)g/min,the average intraoperative blood loss was (3.87± 1.09)ml/g,the decrease in postoperative Hb within 24 hours was (6.84±3.96)g/L,the average time of postoperative continuous washing of the bladder was 72 hours,8 patients were given by blood transfusion.In prying-up group,the corresponding data were(1.16±0.20) g/min,(1.60±0.64)ml/g,(3.87±2.33 )g/L,36 hours respectively,none of patients was given by blood transfusion.There were statistically significant in two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusions The adoption of prying-up is more favorable compared with Nesbit method in the aspects such as less blood loss,shorter operating time,less lotion,more thorough resection of the gland,higher security.It is conducive to delivering lecture,and it enables the standard operational procedure available.

Objective To investigate the correlation between posterior neck pain and lumbar epidural pressure (LEP)during percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD).Methods A prospective study was performed on 86 patients undergoing PELD,46 males,40 females,aged 1 9-71 years,with ASA physical status of Ⅰ or Ⅱ.Each patient received lumbar epidural anesthesia.Lum-bar epidural pressure (LEP)was monitored continuously through a lumbar epidural catheter which was connected to a pressure transducer.LEP before the operation (LEPbase ),LEP at the time of pos-terior neck pain (LEPpain )and maximal LEP (LEPmax )were recorded.Results Thirty patients (34.9%)complained of posterior neck pain during the procedure.The lowest LEPmax was 31.0 mm Hg,and the highest LEPmax was 77.0 mm Hg.The LEPmax in patients with neck pain [(60.6± 8.8)mm Hg]was significantly higher than LEPmax in patients without neck pain [(50.7 ± 9.5 ) mm Hg](P <0.01 ).Patients with higher LEPmax had higher probabilities of having posterior neck pain (P <0.01).Conclusion Patients with higher LEPmax had higher probabilities of having posterior neck pain.

To explore the diagnostic values of real-time elastosonography quantitative parameters in uterine fibroids and adenomyoma.The clinical data of 175 cases were analyzed retrospectively.Strain ratios (B/A) of lesion and normal adjacent myometrium were measured and mean B/A was calculated.The average B/A of uterine fibroids and adenomyoma was 3.81 ±0.52 and 1.39 ±0.46 respectively.And there was significant statistic difference (t =2.563,P ＜ 0.05).the accuracy rates of real-time elastosonography in the diagnosis of uterine fibroids and adenomyoma were high at 97.4％ (148/152) and 95.3％ (122/128) respectively.Real-time elastosonography has high diagnostic values for uterine fibroids and adenomyoma.

Objective To investigate the location and expression of Fas (Apo-1, CD-95) antigen in synovial tissue from rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods Immunohistochemical technique was used to identify the location and expression of Fas antigen in synovial tissues from 27 RA, 11 osteoarthritis (OA), 7 ankloysing spondylitis (AS), 3 pigmented villo-hyperplastic synovitis, 1 juvenile rheumatoid (JRA) patients and 5 "normal" control subjects.Results Fas was strongly expressed by synoviocytes and infiltrated lymphocytes in approximately two-thirds of RA patients (16/27). However, only weak expression occurred on lymphocytes in 3 of 11 OA, 1 of 7 AS patients and 1 of 5 "normal" subjects. The stain-positive substance in the forms of rings, granules, or dust was deposited on the cell membrane and in cytoplasm.Conclusion The expression of Fas may be involved in the mechanism of synovium proliferation and abnormal activation of local lymphocytes in RA.

Congenital vertebral malformation refers to the developmental anomaly of vertebral body during the embryonic stage.Congenital vertebral malformation can cause vertebral kyphosis,scoliosis,spine shortening and other spinal abnormalities as well as thoracic deformities,affecting the quality of life,even threatening the life of the affected children,bringing heavy burden to the family and society.This article reviews the progress in fetal vertebral deformity and its prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.

The clinical data of 39 cases of intrauterine pregnancy complicated with cornual pregnancy after in-vitro fertilization embryo transfer ( IVF-ET) were analyzed retrospectively .All the patients were diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound in early pregnancy , and the position of the gestational sac and its external process were determined by transvaginal ultrasound .According to the location and size of the gestational sac, the patients were divided into two groups: in group A (n=29) the gestational sac was located close to the interstitial tube and the gestational sac was larger , prominent out of the corners of the uterus;in group B (n=10) the gestational sac was located towards the uterine cavity , gestational sac was smaller and the embryo was not active .The laparoscopic angle wedge resection for group A and ultrasound-guided embryo reduction for group B were performed respectively .After treatment , 38 cases were stable to term delivery with intrauterine pregnancy; abortion occurred in 1 case of group A 2 weeks after operation . The early diagnosis and treatment is very important for intrauterine pregnancy complicated with cornual pregnancy . Ultrasonography provides an accurate preoperative assessment and intraoperative real -time monitoring during embryo reduction , which provides an alternative approach for the treatment of intrauterine pregnancy combined with cornual pregnancy .

Objective To construct a bait vector containing human Foxp3 gene in yeast two-hybrid system in order to screen the cDNA library of T lymphocyte. Methods RT-PCR was used to amplify the Foxp3 gene fragment from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with the primers designed in accordance with the sequence in GenBank. The product was inserted into pMD18-T vector. After verified with restriction endonuclease digestion of EcoRⅠ and SalⅠ, the vector was inserted into the “bait plasmid” pGBKT7 (named as pGBKT7-Foxp3). After confirmation with restricted endonuclease digestion and sequence analysis, the plasmid was transformed into the yeast cell AH109, and its toxicity and transcriptional activation was tested by both the phenotype assay and the color assay. Results The amplified product of 1 203 bp was inserted into PMD18-T vector and proven correctly by double restriction enzyme digestion. Sequence analysis revealed that the fragment was correctly inserted into pGBKT7 with a right reading frame and its expression in yeast was verified. Conclusion The bait plasmid pGBKT7-Foxp3 constructed expresses correctly, and can not activate the transcription of reporter gene alone in yeast two-hybrid system

Prenatal 2D and 3D ultrasonographic examinations were performed for 67 008 pregnant women in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2013 to December 2016.Among 69 013 fetuses,71 cases of congenital vertebral deformities were diagnosed with a detection rate of 0.103%.There were 40 cases of semi-vertebrae,23 cases of butterfly vertebrae,2 cases of coronal vertebral body fissure and 6 cases of vertebral fusion.Half vertebral deformity was the most common vertebral abnormality accounting for 56.3%(40/71),and the coronal vertebral body fissure was the least abnormality.Among 71 abnormal vertebral fetuses,there were 40 cases with other abnormalities,of which 28 fetuses were induced abortion, 12 fetuses were born;there were 31 cases of simple vertebral body anomalies,of which 8 fetuses were born and 23 fetuses were induced abortion.In infants with a single vertebral anomalies had no significant scoliosis,X-ray examination was performed 3-6 months after birth,the results were consistent with prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.Fifty one cases of induced abortion were examined by X-ray,the prenatal diagnosis was consistent with X-ray findings in 48 cases,and the remaining 3 cases were all multiple hemi-vertebrae with missed diagnosis of congenital butterfly vertebral deformity.

Vena cava filter (VCF)has been increasingly applied in clinical to efficiently prevent the pulmonary embolism (PE) with the rapid development of VCF. This article summarized the development of VCF, analyzed the relationship between structure and function, described the clinical behaviour of VCF, and final y forecasted the development trend of VCF products.