Objective To investigate the effect of Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine combined with chemotherapy on immune function in treatment of children with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods 89 cases with pulmonary tuberculosis from December 2010 to December 2013 treated in three hospitals in xinxiang city were randomly divided into control group and observation group.The control group was given regular chemotherapy,the observation group was given chemotherapy combined with Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine therapy.CD4 +,CD8 +,CD8 +/CD4 +and CD16 +CD56 +in peripheral blood were evaluated by FCM before and after treatment.Serum TNF- αand IL-10 levels were detected by the method of ELISA.Taking 3 sputum samples (night sputum,morning sputum and sputum at moment)of each patient to smear after treatment.Results Before treatment,there was no significant difference of each index between two groups.After treatment,CD4 +,CD4 +/CD8 +and CD16 +CD56 +in the observation group were significantly higher than that before treatment and the control group(P<0.05).The proportion of CD8 +in two groups was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05),the difference between groups was not statistically significant.Serum TNF- αand IL-10 levels decreased significantly in two groups than those before treatment and the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the negative conversion rate in the control group was 90.9%(n=40),while 100%(n=45)in the observation group.The difference between two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine combined with chemotherapy has a significant effect on children with pulmonary tuberculosis.It could significantly improve the immune function of children.

Objective This study aimed at exploring the causative genes and summarizing the clinical characteristics in two Chinese families with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection ( TAAD ) .Methods The whole exome capture and high throughput sequencing were applied to identify the causative gene.Family members were examined for features of syndromic ge-netic diseases by clinician and geneticist.Results Four known TAAD candidate genes were identified in family TAA01:rs140598(FBN1), rs185661462(MYH11), rs77620762(MYLK3), and rs111426349(TGFBR1).The TGFBR1 mutation (c.1459C>T) had been confirmed to co-segregate with the TAAD phenotype in all affected family members.Early onset of aortic root dilatation was significant in this family , and the average age at diagnosis of aortic root dilatation or aneurysm was23. 2 years.ACTA2(c.445C>T) was proved in family TAA02, and livedo reticularis was confirmed.Conclusion The causa-tive genes were identified via whole exome capture and high throughput sequencing in two TAAD families .Early onset of aortic root aneurysm was proved in TAA01, while livedo reticularis was found in TAA02.

Objective: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) often occurs in cN0 papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). The risk factors for lymph node metastasis, especially for high-volume metastasis, were investigated in this study. Methods: The medical records of 1,268 consecutive PTMC patients admitted in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2013 to 2014 were reviewed. Their clinical and pathological features were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for LNM/highvolume LNM. Results: Of the 1,268 patients, 416 patients (32.8％) and 43 (3.4％) had LNM and high-volume LNM, respectively. According to the univariate analysis results for the risk factors of LNM, male (42.22％ vs. 30.26％, P<0.01), <40 years (<40 years, 48.39％; 40-59 years, 27.62％; ≥60 years 22.45％, P<0.03), multifocality (41.00％ vs. 29.03％, P<0.01), without chronic thyroiditis (36.44％ vs. 20.62％,P<0.01), tumor size >0.5 cm (35.77％ vs. 23.05％, P<0.01) were associated with LNM. Meanwhile, according to the multivariate analysis results, male, multifocality, and tumor size >0.5 cm are independent risk factors for LNM (OR=1.516, 1.743, and 1.788, respectively, all P<0.05). The protective factors for LNM are 40-59 years, ≥60 years, and chronic thyroiditis (OR 0.388, 0.301, and 0.472, respectively,all P<0.05). In the univariate analysis of risk factors for high-volume LNM, the results indicated that being male (6.30％ vs. 2.61％, P= 0.005), <40 years (<40 years, 7.62％; 40-59 years, 2.05％; ≥60 years 0, P<0.001), and tumor size >0.5 cm (4.01％ vs. 1.36％, P=0.027) are associated with high-volume LNM. In multivariate analysis, the results suggest that being male is an independent risk factor for LNM (OR=2.383, P=0.002), whereas age of 40-59 years is a protective factor for LNM (OR=0.270, P<0.001). Conclusion: Lymph node metastasis often ocucrs in cN0 PTMC, whereas high-volume LNM is rare. Being male and <40 years old are risk factors for both LNM and highvolume LNM.

OBJECTlVE To develop an LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of pro-damine ( PDM) and its metabolite 2,4-dinitro-N3-propyl-6-trifluoromethyl-1,3-benzenediamine ( DTB) in rat plasma in order to study toxicokinetics of PDM in rats. METHODS SD male rats were administered a single dose of PDM ( ig: 100 and 1000 mg·kg-1; iv: 100 mg·kg-1 ) . LC-MS/MS method was used to determine PDM and DTB in rat plasma. Toxicokinetic parameters were fitted using DAS Ver2. 1. 1. RESULTS After ig administration of PDM 100 mg·kg-1 , the parameters of PDM and DTB were as fol-lows:AUC(0-t) was 2715±102 and (6845±316)μg·h·L-1, t1/2z was 9.0±1.4 and (7.1±1.3)h, Tmax was 7.0± 1.6 and (7.0±0.0)h, cmax was 146±51 and (473±103)μg·L-1. After ig administration of PDM 1000 mg·kg-1, the parameters of PDM and DTB were as follows:AUC(0-t) was 3401±242 and (10364± 573)μg·h·L-1, t1/2z was 8.8±2.1 and (6.0±1.8)h, Tmax was (7.0±1.6)h, cmax was 175±56 and (586± 152)μg·L-1 . The absolute bioavailability of PDM was 44.9%( 100 mg·kg-1 ) and 17.1%( 1000 mg·kg-1 ) . CONCLUSlON This method is suitable for the analysis of PDM and DTB in rat plasma. There is evidence that PDM and DTB display nonlinear toxicokinetic characteristics in the studied dose range.

To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on prognosis after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in the patients.For this retrospective study,753 patients of both sexes,aged 18-84 yr,who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB from September 2013 to May 2015,were divided into 2 groups depending on whether or not dexmedetomidine was used during surgical procedures:control group (group C,n=548) and dexmedetomidine group (group D,n =205).Propensity score matching analysis with preset caliper width was used.A total of 197 matched pairs were selected from the patients.The development of postoperative arrhythmia,in-hospital mortality,pulmonary infection after operation,and acute renal injury,length of intensive care unit stay,length of hospital stay and 30-day readmission to the hospital were collected.Compared with group C,the incidence of postoperative tachyarrhythmia and inhospital mortality rate were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),and no significant changes were found in the incidence of postoperative bradyarrhythmia,pulmonary infection after operation and postoperative acute renal injury,length of intensive care unit stay,length of hospital stay and rate of 30-day readmission to the hospital in group D (P＞0.05).Dexmedetomidine can effectively improve prognosis after cardiac surgery with CPB in the patients.

Background and purpose:Pathological lymph node metastasis (LNM) is not rare in clinical lymph node negative (cN0) papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors of LNM, especially of high volume LNM (more than 5 metastatic lymph nodes) and contralateral central compartment LNM, in cN0 PTC.Methods:Medical records of 350 PTC patients (265 female, 85 male, 212 patients with solitary lesion in unilateral lobe) were reviewed. All operations of these patients were performed by one surgical team. The clinical pathological data were collected, and univariate and multivariate analysis was performed.Results:LNM was conifrmed in 138 patients (39.4%) and 20 patients had high volume LNM. In 169 patients with solitary lesion in unilateral lobe with total thyroidectomy and bilateral central neck dissection, 24 patients had contralateral metastasis (14.2%). In univariate analysis, tumor size (58.5% in >1 cmvs 33.6% in≤1 cm) and tumor with calcification in preoperational ultrasonography (43.7% withvs 31.7% without) showed signiifcant difference in prevelance of LNM. In multivariate analysis, tumor size >1 cm (OR=2.792) was the independent risk factor of LNM. Gender (3.8% in male vs 11.8% in female), age (10.7% <40 yearsvs 3.4%≥40 years ), tumor size(13.4% in >1 cmvs 3.4% in≤1 cm) and tumor with low echo in preoperational ultrasonography (13.9% withvs 4.8% without) showed signiifcant difference in univariate analysis of high volume LNM. Male (OR=5.152), tumor size >1 cm (OR=5.712) and age <40 years (OR=3.959) were conifrmed as independent risk factors of high volume LNM. Male (OR=3.105) and tumor size >1 cm (OR=3.863) were also demonstrated as independent risk factors of contralateral LNM in patients with solitary lesion in unilateral lobe, the prevalence of LNM were 26.5% in male and 26.1% in tumor size >1 cm, respectively.Conclusion:LNM was not “rare” in cN0 PTC patients. Prophylactic central neck dissection should be performed in cN0 patients with tumor size >1 cm. For cN0 microcarcinoma, more active surgical treatment may be considered in male and young patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of surgery treatment for syringomyelia associated with spinal cord type cervical spondylopathy.MethodsExpansive open-door laminectomy and spinal cavity-subarachnoid drainage were performed in 11 cases.ResultsThe extremity function of 11 cases were all recoverd to varied extent in the following 1-5 years(average follow-up:30 months).ConclusionsExpansive open-door laminectomy and spinal cavity-subarachnoid drainage is an effective method for syringomyelia associated with spinal cord type cervical spondylopathy.

Objective To investigate the effects of mannan-binding lectin (MBL) on IL-8 and TNF-α production induced by Candida albicans ( C. albicans) in human THP1/CD14 monocytes. Methods The THP1/CD14 cells were stimulated for 24 h with heat-inactivated yeast form or hyphal form cells of C. albicans strain at the indicated ratios after pretreated with human natural MBL at concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 mg/L for 2 h. The content of IL-8 and TNF-α in culture supernatants were detected by ELISA,and the levels of IL-8 and TNF-α mRNA expressions in these cells were determined by RT-PCR. Western blot was used to detect C. albicans-induced NF-κB translocation in THP1/CDI4 cells. Results ELISA showed that secretion of IL-8 and TNF-α from THP1/CD14 cells could be induced by both yeast cells and hyphal cells. Hyphal cells proved to be much less efficient than yeast cells in stimulating production of IL-8and TNF-α by THP1/CD14 cells. The productions of IL-8 and TNF-α by THP1/CD14 cells induced with C.albicans were profoundly inhibited by MBL at higher concentrations ( 10-20 mg/L) but not MBL at lower concentrations ( 1 mg/L). RT-PCR analysis also indicated that the mRNA expressions of IL-8 and TNF-αt in THP1/CD14 cells were decreased to various extents by MBL at higher concentration, compared to the corresponding THP1/CD14 cells stimulated with C. albicans only. Similarly, MBL at higher concentration ( 20mg/L) decreased the NF-κB translocation in THP1/CD14 cells. Conclusion MBL may inhibit IL-8 and TNF-α production induced by dimorphism C. albicans in THP1/CD14 cells, suggesting that MBL can play some roles on the regulation of C. albicans immune response.

AIM: To construct the plasmid vectors containing different regions of human eNOS promoter coupled to a red fluorescent protein reporter gene, which may express in mammalian cells. METHODS: Different regions of human eNOS promoter were subcloned respectively into a red fluorescent protein vector, pDsRed1-1. These recombinant vectors, pDsF1033Red, pDsF494Red and pDsF166Red, were then transfected into NIH3T3 cell lines, followed by the observation under a fluorescent microscope. RESULTS: After identified to be right by double restriction enzyme digestion, PCR and sequencing, the vectors might be effectively expressed in NIH3T3 cells. 95 % of the red fluorescent emitted by a red fluorescent protein dispersed all over the cells, appearing at 48-60 h after transfection, reaching peak at 96-144 h, becoming the strongest in light at 144 h, gradually disappearing after 168 h and remaining little red fluorescent in 21 days. The quantity and intensity in expressions of red fluorescent protein drived by different regions of human eNOS promoter were clearly lower than by a strong promoter, p CMVIE . CONCLUSION: The red fluorescent protein reporter gene vectors containing different regions of human eNOS promoter are successfully constructed and may efficaciously express in mammalian cells, appearing not strong transcriptional activities, which provide practical and feasible tools to study functions of different regions of human eNOS promoter and roles of cis-elements in it. [

Objective To investigate the effects of mannan-binding lectin(MBL) on TNF-α production induced by peptidoglycan (PGN) and its mechanism in human THP-1/CD14 monocytes.Methods The THP-1/CD14 cells were stimulated for 24 h with PGN at the indicated ratios after pretreated with human natural MBL at concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 mg/L for 2 h.The content of TNF-α and IL-6 in culture supernatants were detected by ELISA,and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expressions in these cells were determined by RT-PCR.FACS was used to investigate the interaction of MBL with THP-1/CD14 cells and the impact of MBL on PGN binding to THP-1/CD14 cells.Western blot was used to detect PGN-induced NF-κB translocation in THP-1/CD14 cells.Results ELISA showed that secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 from THP-1/CD14 cells could be induced by PGN ;The productions of TNF-α and IL-6 by THP-1/CD14 cells induced with PGN were profoundly inhibited by MBL at higher concentrations (10-20 mg/L) but not MBL at lower concentrations (1 mg/L).RT-PCR analysis also indicated that the mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 in THP-1/CD14 cells were decreased by MBL at higher concentration,compared to the corresponding THP-1/CD14 cells stimulated with PGN only.FACS showed that the binding of MBL to THP-1/CD14 cells was evident in a Ca2+-dependent manner.PGN could competitively inhibit the binding of MBL to THP-1/CD14 cells.MBL could competitively inhibit the binding of PGN to THP-1/CD14 cells by binding to THP-1/CD14 cells directly.Similarly,MBL at higher concentration (20 mg/L) decreased the NF-κB translocation in THP-1/CD14 cells.Conclusion MBL may inhibit TNF-α and IL-6 production induced by PGN in THP-1/CD14 cells through NF-κB signaling pathways,suggesting that MBL can play some roles in the regulation of PGN-induced inflammatory response.