Objective To evaluate the quality control standard and check system of clinical using of antibiotics based on the change of the constituent ratio of antibiotics. Methods In this retrospective study, we compared consumption of the ten mostly prescribed antibiotics, constituent ratio of national essential drugs, antibiotics utilization ratio and antibiotics use density between the third quarter of 2012 and that of 2013. Results Compared with 2012, the usage of antibiotics was reduced by 39.91%, and the usage of national essential drugs rose by 71.46%, whereas the consumptions of cefoxitin, aztreonam, cefminox were reduced by 84.56%, 89.99%, and 56.52%, respectively, in 2013.The consumptions of cefazolin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone rose by 36. 39%, 363. 50% and 24. 06%, respectively. The amount of used antibiotics was reduced by 35. 41%, and the application frequency of antibiotics was reduced by 36.62%. Conclusion The establishment, running and implement of the quality control standard and check system of clinical using of antibiotics make constituent ratio of antibiotics used in the first people's hospital of Jining City more reasonable, which will help to promote the rational use of antibiotics in clinic.

The authors first of all make it clear that the establishment of regional medical centers in rural areas was based on the role displayed by the People's Hospital of Jinxiang County in meeting the needs of rural residents for medical services, the great importance attached to rural residents by the central government and the local governments at various levels, and the changes in the needs of rural residents for medical services. Then they argue in greater detail that the establishment of regional medical centers in rural areas is beneficial to more efficiently allocating the limited resources in rural areas, thus reducing the economic burden of and benefiting rural residents; it is also beneficial to more efficiently using the health resources technically and to enhancing the awareness of administration, quality and service delivery within the hospital.

OBJECTIVETo determine whether B7-2 could improve hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific immunity induced by inoculation of a plasmid encoding HBV preS2+S HBV DNA vaccine.

METHODSB7-2 expression plasmids were inoculated with the DNA vaccine in the gastrocemius muscles. Then the cytolytic T Lymphocyte activity (CTL), the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and the titers of anti-HBs were analysed.

RESULTSThe DTH response and CTL activity were significantly enhanced when B7-2 expression plasmids were coinoculated with the DNA vaccine (P<0.01), but the titers of anti-HBs were unaffected (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe results suggest that B7-2 expression plasmid could improve HBV specific cell-mediated immunity induced by HBV DNA vaccine, and the gene-based coinoculation strategy using HBV viral antigen and B7-2 costimmulating could be a powerful means of combating HBV infection.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; immunology ; B7-2 Antigen ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; biosynthesis ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; immunology ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plasmids ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology

China ; Dissent and Disputes ; Humans ; Negotiating ; Physician-Patient Relations