Background Oxidative stress is a pathophysiological process of retina,so it is very important to explore a protective way against retinal oxidative stress.Studies determined that extract of ginkgo biloba (EGb) has antioxidant,anti-apoptosis,anti-thrombosis and anti-inflammatory effects,however,the effect of EGb on human Müller cells in oxidative stress is still below understood.Objective This study was to investigate the protection of EGb against oxidative stress of human retinal Müller cells induced by As2O3 in vitro.Methods Human retinal Müllercell line was cultured in DMEM/F12 with 10％ fetal bovine serum (FBS),2 μmol/L glutamine and 1％ antibiotics.As2O3 solution at the final concentration 5 mg/L was added in the medium for 24 hours to establish oxidative models,and then the EGb with the final concentrations of 5,10 and 20 mg/L was used to cell models for 24 hours,respectively.Cell viability was detected by MTT assay,and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the cells were detected with CM-H2DCFDA fluorescent probe.The relative expression levels of caspase-3 mRNA in cytoplasm and cell nuclei were assayed by reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR),and the expressions of Nrf2 protein were quantitatively detected by Western blot.Results Müller cells adhered well 24 hours after cultured.At 6-7 days after culture,Müller cell body was large with abundant cytoplasm and mosaic-like arrangement.However,floating cells were seen after As2 O3 treatment.Cell viability (absorbance) was significantly different among the normal culture group,As2 O3-treated group,As2 O3 + 5 mg/L EGb group,As2 O3 + 10 mg/L EGb group and As2 O3 + 20 mg/L EGb group,with the strongest viability in the normal culture group and the weakest viability in the As2 O3-treated groups (F=163.57,P =0.00).The fluorescence intensity of ROS was the weakest in the normal culture group and the strongest in the As2 O3-treated group and was gradually weakened with the increase of EGb doses,showing a remarkable difference among the groups (F =4 013.61,P =0.00).The relative expression level of caspase-3 mRNA in the cells was gradually reduced with the increase of EGb doses,with a statistically significant difference among the groups (F =2 199.72,P =0.00).In addition,no considerable difference was seen in the expression level of Nrf2 protein (grey scale) in cytoplasm among the groups (F=15.42,P=0.40);while in the nuclei,the expression levels of Nrf2 protein were 100.01 ±0.04,46.59±0.63,54.51 ±0.62,59.93 ±0.17 and 67.60±0.24 in the normal culture group,As2 O3-treated group and As2O3+5 mg/L EGb group,As2O3+10 mg/L EGb group,As2O3+20 mg/L EGb group respectively,with a significant difference among them (F=7 271.72,P=0.00).Conclusions EGb can protect human retinal Müller cells against As2O3-induced damage in a dose-dependant manner by antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects in vitro,and the activities occur primarily in cell nucleus.

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to assess the effects of desensitizing toothpaste containing stannous fluoride on dentine hypersensitivity by performing Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) involving the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity with stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste.

METHODSThe study was developed based on the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions (Version 5.1.0) and included the following: search strategy, selection criteria, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. We searched electronic databases such as CNKI, CBM, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to January 2015. RCT of treating dentine hypersensitivity with stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste were included. Data extraction and domain-based risk of bias assessment were independently performed by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3 software.

RESULTSSix RCT with 494 patients (247 in the experimental group and 247 in the control group) were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the desensitizing effect of stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste was significantly better than that of control in tactile sensitivity test (SMD=1.41, 95% confidence interval 0.74-2.09, P<0.00001) and air blast test (SMD = -1.16, 95% confidence interval -1.84--0.48, P<0.000 01).

CONCLUSIONCurrent evidence shows that stannous fluoride-containing toothpaste is effective in treating dentine hypersensitivity in clinic. However, due to limited sample size and lower quality of the included studies, more high quality and large-sample RCT are needed to further verify the evidence.

Dentin Desensitizing Agents ; therapeutic use ; Dentin Sensitivity ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sodium Fluoride ; Tin Fluorides ; therapeutic use ; Toothpastes ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To retrospectively evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of two different surgical approaches, Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy and 2-incision esophagectomy via left thoracic-cervical pathway, in the treatment of middle thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods:One hundred and two patients from 167 patients with middle thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma received Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy and another 65 patients received 2-incision esophagectomy via left thoracic-cervical pathway. The local recurrence rate of tumor and survival rate were calculated by using Kaplan-Meier method. The difference in the survival rate between the two surgical methods was analyzed by using log-rank test. The prognostic risk factors were assessed by COX regression analysis. Results:Peri-operative complications occurred in 35 patients (21.0%), in which the incidences of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury and anastomotic leakage were higher in the left thoracic-cervical group (P<0.05), and the incidence of intrathoracic gastric retention was higher in the Ivor-Lewis group, but the difference was not significant. The 3-year local recurrence rate was 37.3% in the Ivor-Lewis group, and 40.0% in the left thoracic-cervical group. The difference was not significant (P>0.05). The overall 5-year survival rate of the 167 patients was 34.6%. It was 36.0% in the Ivor-Lewis group and 32.3% in the left thoracic-cervical group, respectively (P>0.05). COX regression analysis revealed that pTNM staging was the independent prognostic factor [P=0.000, HR(hazard ratio)=2.69]. Conclusion:Both Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy and 2-incision esophagectomy via left thoracic-cervical pathway are feasible alternatives in the treatment of middle thoracic esophageal squmamous cell carcinoma. We should choose the rational operative method based on the patients'individual condition.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of early treatment with mouse nerve growth factor on the wound healing in aged patients with electric burn. METHODS:78 elderly patients with electric burn were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method,with 39 cases in each group. Control group was given routine method for electric burn, and observation group was additionally given Mouse nerve growth factor for injection 30 μg dissolved in 2 ml 0.9% Sodium chlo-ride injection within 24 h,im,qd,on the basis of control group. Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 2 weeks. Clinical effica-cies of 2 groups were compared as well as VAS score before treatment,3,5,7 days after treatment. The survival rate of skin flaps and the rate of wound healing 3,5,7 days after treatment,the recovery of wound scar,the value of wound blood perfusion,the time of complete wound healing and the occurrence of ADR were also compared. RESULTS:The total effective rate of observation group(94.9%)was significantly higher than that of control group(66.7%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). 3,5,7 days after treatment,VAS score of observation group was significantly lower than that of control group,and the survival rate of skin flaps and the rate of wound healing were significantly higher than those of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Af-ter treatment,VSS score of observation group was significantly lower than that of control group,while the value of wound blood perfusion was significantly higher than that of control group;the time of complete wound healing was significantly lower than that of control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Early treat-ment with mouse nerve growth factor for elderly patients with electric burns can effectively lower the VAS and VSS score,improve the survival rate of skin flaps and the rate of wound healing,increase the value of wound blood perfusion and shorten the time of complete wound healing with good clinical efficacy and safety.

Background Oxidative stress is a main cause of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Lutein has a preventive role for AMD, but its antioxidant mechanism remains unclear.Objective Present study was to investigate the effect of lutein on oxidative stress of Müller cells and its signaling pathway.Methods Human Müller cells (human Müller cell strain) were cultured, and the cells at logarithmimic growth phase were incubated in 96 well plate overnightly.Oxidative stress cell models were established by adding 160 μmol/L H2O2, a median lethal dose for Müller cells.The models were divided into the model control group and 12.5,25.0,50.0 mg/L lutein groups,and the different concentrations of lutein were used to culture the cells for 24 hours, respectively.The routine cultured cells served as the blank control group.Growth of the cells was assayed by MTT method (absorbancy);the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in the cells was assayed by flow cytometry;the mRNA and protein levels of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the cells were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively.Results The inhibitory effects on the cells were gradually enhanced with the increase of H2O2 concentrations,showing a significant difference among the groups (F =43.890,P＜0.01).A significant difference was found in apoptotic rate of the cells among the blank control group,model control group and 12.5,25.0,50.0 mg/L lutein groups (F =346.770, P =0.000) , and the apoptosis rate was significant elevated with the increase of lutein dose (all at P＜0.05).The ROS contents in the cells were 1.92±0.18,64.89±2.86,52.70±2.80,32.61 ±4.20 and 5.68 ± 1.35 in the blank control group, model control group and 12.5,25.0,50.0 mg/L group, respectively, with significant difference among the groups (F =324.900, P =0.000), and the ROS content was gradually reduced as the increase of lutein dose (all at P＜0.05).The relative mRNA and protein expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 were remarkedly higher in the 12.5,25.0,50.0 mg/L lutein groups than those in the model control group (F =236.960,242.620,186.830,263.120, all at P =0.000) , and no significant difference was seen in the relative expression level of nuclear Nrf2 protein among the groups (F =1.790, P =0.210).Conclusions Lutein can induce the expression of antioxidant enzymes by inducing the expression of nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and consequently inhibit the oxidative stress status.

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of 2 patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ. Methods Two sibling patients (a sister and a brother) with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ symptoms and other family members were the research objects, and the changes of their features of hand bone imaging, blood indexes [blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb)] and body composition were analyzed. Results Except the 2 patients, the bone morphology, blood indexes and body compositions in other 7 family members were under normal conditions. The phalanx intervals of both hands in 2 patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲwere widened significantly, among them the thumb manifestation was more obvious; the distal segments of phalanxes in both hands became pointed and curved presenting a "claw-like hand" deformity; the metacarpal and distal carpal metaphysis were obviously enlarged, and scaphoid, lunate, trianglar, orbicular, and trapezium and trapezoid bones were loosely arranged at the wrist; the distal ends of ulna and radius were markedly enlarged. Compared to healthy people, the triglyceride levels of serum in the 2 patients were obviously reduced (the percentage of reduction: 57.14% and 41.07% respectively); body mass indexes (BMI), total fat and visceral fat were significantly lowered (BMI reduction percentage:26.81% and 14.55%, total fat reduction percentage: 38.12% and 44.95%, visceral fat reduction percentage: 62.25% and 67.74%, respectively) in the two patients. Conclusion The purpose of studying the biochemistry indexes, imaging characteristics and body compositions is to more deeply understand the clinical symptoms and signs of the 2 sibling patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ in a family to provide a theoretical reference.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of hydrogen-rich saline on the rheological behavior of leukocytes in mesentery capillary of rats with high-voltage electrical burn .Methods 180 rats were randomly divided into four groups :burn injury plus normal saline group ,burn injury plus hydrogen-rich saline group ,sham plus normal saline group ,and burn injury plus papaver-ine group .The rats were received saline ,hydrogen-rich saline ,saline ,papaverine at different time points after scald respectively .The changes of rheological behavior of leukocytes in mesentery capillary of rats before and after the injury were investigated .Results The rheological behavior of leukocytes in mesentery capillary of the control group were observed no significant change (P>0 .05) . In experimental group the rolling white blood cell count ,the number of leukocyte adhesion ,the length of contact of leukocyte-endo-thelial cell at each phase after injury were higher than those at 15 min before injury (P<0 .05);leukocyte rolling speed after injury is lower than that before injury (P<0 .05) .In treatment group and positive control group ,the rolling white blood cell count ,the number of leukocyte adhesion ,the length of contact of leukocyte-endothelial cell at each phase after injury were higher than those at 15 min before injury (P<0 .05) ,but compared with the experimental group ,the increase range was lower (P<0 .05) .leukocyte rolling speed after injury is lower than that before injury (P<0 .05) ,and compared with the experimental group ,the reduction was lower (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The hydrogen-rich brine can effectively reduce the changes of rheological behavior of leukocytes in mesentery capillary of rats caused by high-voltage electrical burn ,and have a protective effect on rat mesenteric .

Objective To explore the feasibility and evaluate the teaching effect of case-based multidisciplinary team teaching mode in clinical practice teaching of gynecology.Method According to different grade,120 students were divided into experimental group and control group (60 students per group).The teaching content contained three malignant tumor cases,which were cervical cancer,endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer.The course needed 12 periods totally.The experimental group received multidisciplinary team (MDT) teaching mode,and the control group received traditional lecture-based learning teaching mode (LBL).Teaching effect evaluation and test scores would be analyzed at the end of teaching.SPSS19.0 was used for t test and chi-square test.Results Our results showed that the theory test scores,practical skills test scores,the paperwork scores and the total scores of the students in MDT group were significantly higher than those in the traditional group (P＜0.05).At the same time,the students' self-evaluation scores in the ability of information retrieval,acquisition,understanding,comprehensive and the ability of self-learning,learning interest,enthusiasm and teamwork were significantly higher than the traditional group (P＜0.05).Conclusion MDT teaching mode is feasible,which can improve teaching effect and students' quality,and is worthy of advocating and popularization.