Objective Plant vaccine is a new kind of vaccine with good safety profiles, low cost and convenience. Our purpose was to establish a good plant system to express HBsAg and pave the way for further research on plant vaccine. Methods Transfer HBV s gene into binary vector pCAMBIA1301 which had plant promoter and hygromycin resistant gene. The recombinant vector was transferred into agrobacterium LBA4404. Then we used agrobacterium to infect tobacco. Results The GUS staining result of transformant leaves showed blue, which meant the target gene had been transferred into tobacco and expressed HBsAg seccessfully. We confirmed the insertion of S gene by PCR and its expression further by ELISA and Western blot. Conclusions HBsAg can be expressed successfully in tobacco.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy between laparoscopy and open cholecystectomy for patients of acute calculous cholecystitis. Methods Fifty patients of acute cholecystitis from February 2014 to February 2017 were divided into control group treated with open cholecystectomy and observation group with laparoscopic cholecystectomy;a retrospective analysis was conducted to compare time of resuming peristaltic sound ,postoperative 24h VAS score and hospitalization time. Results There were shorter time of resuming peristaltic sound,higher postoperative 24 h VAS score and shorter hospitalization time in observation group when compared with those in control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions For patients of acute calculous cholecystitis , laparoscopic cholecystectomy,is conducive to shortening patient′s recovery time,alleviating patients′ pain signifi-cantly and decreasing the incidence of complication.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), peripheral blood microRNA-126 (miR-126) and the number and distribution of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs).Methods:Consecutive patients with non-acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease admitted to the Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from June 2019 to June 2020 were enrolled. The clinical data were collected, 3.0 T MRI examination was performed, and susceptibility-weighted imaging was used to detect CMBs. The serum VEGF concentration was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and miR-126 was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of CMBs. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between serum VEGF concentration, miR-126 in peripheral blood and the number of CBMs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum VEGF concentration and relative expression of miR-126 in peripheral blood for CMBs. Results:A total of 193 patients with non-acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease were enrolled, including 110 patients (57.0%) in the non-CMBs group, 20 (10.4%) in the strictly lobar CMBs group and 63 patients (32.6%) in non-strictly lobar CMBs group. The comparison among the three groups showed that age might be a risk factor for strictly lobar CMBs, while higher VEGF, higher cystatin C level, lower relative expression of miR-126 in peripheral blood, hypertension and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack might be the risk factors for non-strictly lobar CMBs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher serum VEGF concentration was an independent risk factor for non-strictly lobar CMBs (odds ratio 1.186, 95% confidence interval 1.035-1.358; P=0.014), while the higher relative expression of miR-126 was an independent protective factor for non-strictly lobar CMBs (odds ratio 0.154, 95% confidence interval 0-0.269; P=0.026). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that higher serum VEGF concentration ( r=0.848, P<0.001) and the lower relative expression of miR-126 ( r=-0.043, P=0.035) significantly increased the number of CMBs. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of serum VEGF for predicting non-strictly lobar CMBs was 0.803 (95% confidence interval 0.741-0.865), the optimal cut-off value was 120.55 ng/L, the sensitivity was 70.7%, and the specificity was 75.5%. Conclusions:In patients with non-acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease, there is a significant correlation between serum VEGF concentration and the relative expression of miR-126 in peripheral blood and the number and distribution of CMBs. Serum VEGF can be used as a biomarker for predicting the presence of non-strictly lobar CMBs.

Objective To study on the efficiency of topical pharyngeal anesthesia in gastroscopy and the factors related to the tolerance of patients. Methods A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted. Two hundred and three subjects consented to participate in this study underwent gastroscopy. Relative Risks (RR) of patients' discomfort in pharyngeal anesthesia were calculated, anxiety and other potential confounding factors by using logistic regression analysis. Results Compared with placebo controls, the RR of patient discomfort on intubation was 0.37 (95 % CI 0. 20-0. 70) , patients aged less than 40 years had RR higher than those of aged 40 or over ( RR 2. 13 , 95% CI 1. 09-4. 15 ) . With subgroup analysis in those patients less than 40 years old and undergoing gastroscopy for the first time, the RR of patients' discomfort was 0. 23 (95% CI 0. 07-0. 77) and 0. 24 (95% CI 0. 10-0. 58) for the topical anesthesia. Conclusion Topical pharyngeal anesthesia appears to be effective in diminishing the discomfort during endoscopy in patients less than 40 years old and those undergoing the procedure first time. Trait-anxiety is not a predictor of discomfort.

Whether to select one-tailed test or two-tailed test,how to establish null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis,how to improve the test efficacy were elaborated,and the common problems encountered when hypothesis was applied in scientific papers were pointed out with examples.

Objective:To investigate the correlation of the blood concentration of tacrolimus ( Tac) and serum cystatin C ( SCysC) and serum creatinine (Scr) in the patients with renal transplantation. Methods:Totally 84 cases of renal transplantation patients (67 male/17 female) treated with Tac were involved. The blood concentration of Tac, SCysC and Scr were monitored after the operation. Data results were categorized according to the postoperative time and the blood concentration. The correlations of Tac blood concentra-tion,SCysC and Scr were analyzed and compared by using Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The blood concentration of Tac was not significantly associated with SCysC and Scr in different postoperative time groups and different drug concentration groups ( P >0. 05). As the extension of time,the blood concentration of Tac showed a gradual declining trend, while SCysC and Scr levels de-creased first, and then increased gradually after two years of the operation. Conclusion:The blood concentration of Tac has no effect on the function evaluation of transplanted kidney by the biochemical indicators such as SCysC and Scr.

Objective To investigate the clinical epidemiologic characteristics of patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection post blood transfusion.Methods The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELlSA)were used to detect HCV RNA and antiHCV,respectively.Analysis was performed for patients' age distribution,cause of primary diseases,exposure years,ingredient and amount of transfusion,incubation period and liver function damage.The statistical processing were performed with chi-square test,t-test and correlation analysis.Results HCV RNA levels were higher than 3.0 log10 copy/mL in 85.3%infected patients with a median of 5.99log10 copy/mL,among which 19.7%patients showed viral load 3.0 to 4.0 log10 copy/mL and 69.9%showed 5.0 to 6.0 log10 copy/mL.Eighty-one point six percent(40/49)of infected persons were confirmed as HCV RNA positive by HCV RNA qualitative analysis,while 99.7%(383/384)patientswere detected as anti-HCV positive by serological test.The sensitivity of serological test was higher than both HCV RNA quantitative and qualitative assays(F=57.138,P=0.000;F=63.149,P=0.000,respectively).HCV infection post blood transfusion was more common in people of 30 to 60years old.Most cases(84.4%)got the first time exposure during 1990 to 1994.More than 10%cases had primary disease as obstetrics, orthopedics or gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. Eighty percent received whole blood product transfusion.The mean interval between transfusion and clinical diagnosis was (86.0±54.6 ) months. Eighty nine percent of infected patients had liver function damage, while most of them showed elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) with no more than 5 upper limits of normal (ULN). Conclusions Post transfusion HCV infection mainly happened in adulthood. Infected patients usually have liver function damage with elevated ALT with no more than 5 ULN and medium HCV RNA levels.

As a form of Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)Qigong exercises and an essential part of exercise therapy,static training has proven clinical efficacy.However,further evidence is required to reveal its mechanism of action provided by animal experiments.There are four major ways to establish static training animal models:pole climbing,hind-limb suspension,isometric-contraction weight bearing,and electrical stimulation.These models have been used to study diseases of the motor,circulatory,and endocrine systems,etc.,and the mechanism has got extensive exploration.It reviewed static training animal models and the research progress to provide theoretical evidence for static training's experimental research and mechanism exploration.

Wake up ischemic stroke (WUIS),also known as awakening stroke,refers to patients with no new stroke symptoms during sleep,but after waking up,the patients or witness who found the acute cerebral infarction with stroke performance.The key to the treatment of acute ischernic stroke is to effectively restore reperfusion within the time window.The original intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) thrombolytic therapy,is widely recognized as an effective treatment method of choice for 4.5h onset of acute ischemic stroke reperfusion.Because the exact onset time of WUIS is unclear and limited by current scientific and technical levels,intravenous thrombolysis may lead to an increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage.Therefore,the American Heart Association and the American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) were included in the "Intravenous Thrombolysis".Intravenous thrombolysis is not recommended in the Standard Scientific Statement.Patients who may be suitable for thrombolytic therapy are not able to obtain thrombolytic therapy,resulting in poor clinical prognosis.In recent years,with the further development of relevant clinical research and the rapid development of imaging technology,the latest research found that multi-mode imaging examination is safe and effective for intravenous thrombolytic therapy in patients with poststroke stroke.Multi-mode imaging studies help screening patients with acute reperfusion therapy,so that part of WUIS patients will benefit from the acute reperfusion therapy.This article reviews and summarizes the literature findings of WUIS in recent years.The pathophysiological changes,clinical features and imaging changes of patients with WUIS and non-WUIS are almost unanimously.Early CT and MRI examinations can help to extend acute stroke treatment to patients with WUIS.At present,for this type of patients,there are great research progress in the formulation and implementation of clinical treatment strategies.This article will briefly summarize the research progress and treatment status of WUIS.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular basis for a pedigree affected with Darier-White disease. METHODS: Genomic DNA was isolated from 3 patients and 1 unaffected member from the pedigree, as well as 80 healthy controls. Targeted sequence capture and next-generation sequencing were used to screen mutations of skin disease-related genes. Candidate mutations were verified by Sanger sequencing, and co-segregation analysis was carried out to confirm the pathogenicity of mutation. Conservation analysis and protein structure and function were also predicted with Bioinformatic tools. RESULTS: A heterozygous mutation c.2246G>T (p.G749V) was identified in exon 15 of ATP2A2 gene in all 3 patients from the pedigree, but not in the unaffected member or 80 healthy controls. The corresponding amino acid was highly conserved, and mutation of which can lead to structural and functional changes of the protein. CONCLUSION The c.2246G>T missense mutation of the ATP2A2 gene probably underlies the Darier-White disease in this pedigree by causing damages to the structure and function of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA2).
Darier Disease ; genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Mutation, Missense ; Pedigree ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases ; genetics