Parkinson's disease(PD)is a chronic neurodegenerative disease and commonly seen in middle-aged and elderly people.Combined with age-related loss of bone mass, inadequate intake of vitamin D and calcium due to dysphagia and reduced gastrointestinal motility in the late stages of the disease makes PD patients more susceptible to osteoporosis(OP). Some drugs used to treat PD can also induce and even aggravate osteoporosis in PD patients.Moreover, osteoporosis further impairs mobility in PD patients, causing pain and even fractures.This article reviews the risk factors, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of PD combined with osteoporosis.

Tendinopathy refers to a syndrome of pain, swelling, and impaired performance of tendon and paratenon that is caused by overuse of tendon and paratenon. In the past three decades, the incidence of tendinopathy increased obviously. Although extensive researches have been done, we still do not know much about its pathogenesis, pathology and therapy. In this paper, the authors review its pathological classification, its macroscopic, light microscopic and electron microscopic features, and the morphology of apoptotic cells under light microscopy. The paper also highlights the recent research on how stimulation leads to apoptosis and further to tendinosis.

[Objective] To study the effect and reliability of fluoxetine on depression and symptoms in cancer patient,and to assess the overall quality of life before and after treatment.[Methods]We treated 54 cancer patients with depression by Fluxetine for 8 w,at the same time,evaluated their emotion state,change of quality of life and the adverse effect with HAMD,HAMA,TESS and laboratory tests.[Results]After 8 w,patients’ scores of anxiety and depression decreased significantly from the baseline,effective rates were 82.4% and 96.3% respectively.3 domains of quality of life (physiology,psychology and independence) became much better than those of baseline.The side effect of fluxetine was small.[Conclusion]This study shows that fluoxetine can reduce the depression and anxiety symptoms in cancer patients.

Objective To clone and sequence human OPRMI-EXON1, mark it by way of nonisotope-biotin-label, and prepare its probe to study the expression and function of human OPRMI-EXON1. Methods The target gene fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and connected to the pGEM-T vector plasmid, then recombined and cloned in competent cell. After that, it was identified by cutting with restriction endonucleases and gene sequence. Finally, we marked it and prepared its probe by nonisotope-biotin-label technique. Results It was demonstrated that the target gene length (2.2kb) amplified by polymerase chain reaction had the same size with the reckoned size in theory and had the same sequence with that of NCBI database. The probe which was used to study the opioid receptor gene was successfully prepared. Conclusion The human OPRMI-EXON1 can be successfully cloned and the probe successfully prepared from the genome, which creates a favorable basis for further research of the morphine-related genes and the expression of their dependence.

With the deeper development about the local medical service , the legionary hospital ought to strengthen the search on the economic circulation to ensure the advantageous station in the competition of medical market.By modulating the intersected situation of sanitation economy and finance, legionary hospital will adjust the source of sanitation economy and finance and build the new system to support the scientific decision-making about the economic circulation.

Objective Plant vaccine is a new kind of vaccine with good safety profiles, low cost and convenience. Our purpose was to establish a good plant system to express HBsAg and pave the way for further research on plant vaccine. Methods Transfer HBV s gene into binary vector pCAMBIA1301 which had plant promoter and hygromycin resistant gene. The recombinant vector was transferred into agrobacterium LBA4404. Then we used agrobacterium to infect tobacco. Results The GUS staining result of transformant leaves showed blue, which meant the target gene had been transferred into tobacco and expressed HBsAg seccessfully. We confirmed the insertion of S gene by PCR and its expression further by ELISA and Western blot. Conclusions HBsAg can be expressed successfully in tobacco.

BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, delayed brain injury after carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning occurs in 3% to 30% of the persons who suffered carbon monoxide poisoning and is in the main presence of dementia, psychiatric symptom and extrapyramidal symptoms. At present, its pathogenesis is unclear.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathological damage mechanism of delayed brain injury after CO poisoning and the protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen on delayed brain injury.DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Staff Room of Aviation Health, Department of Aerospace Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Aviation Pathology and Molecular Biology, Department of Aerospace Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in March 2004. Totally 80 healthy male Sprague-Dawley, of clean grade, were used in this experiment. The animals were randomized into 3 groups: normal control group (n=10), model group (n=35) and hyperbaric oxygen group (n=35).The latter two groups were separately divided into 7 time points: poisoning 6 hours, 1,3,5,7,14 and 21 days, 5 rats at each time point.METHODS: In the model group, acute CO poisoning rat models were developed by placing the rats in the poisoning jar which contained the mixture of CO and air for 60 minutes. The volume faction of CO was kept at 2 500×10-6. In the hyperbaric oxygen group, modeling was the same as that in the model group. Three hours after poisoning, the rats were given 115-minute hyperbaric oxygen treatment. Pressure was 0.2 Mpa and the volume fraction of oxygen was over 0.90. The first three days after poisoning, hyperbaric oxygen treatment was conducted twice per day, then once per day, with one day of non-administration in a week. There was no intervention in the normal control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The characters of pathological changes in brain tissue of rats at each time point after poisoning were detected with histopathological and immunohistochemical methods; ② Neuronal apoptosis was detected with electron microscopy and in situ TdT-mediated-dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL).RESULTS: After rats were modeled, the rate of death was about 10%. ① In the model group, general pathological injury occurred in the brains of rats. Denatured necrosis appeared in the neurons of cerebral cortex, hippocampus, corpus striatum, cerebellum and other regions. Injuries in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and other regions were severe. Results of haematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining and electron microscope observation demonstrated that apoptosis occurred in hippocampal neurons. The apop totic neurons increased on the 3rd day after poisoning, reached the peak on the 7th day (P ＜ 0.01), then gradually decreased. In the hyperbaric oxygen group, the denatured necrosis of neurons in the brains was significantly lightened, and the injuries of hippocampal region of rats at each time point were significantly attenuated in comparison with model group; The number of necrotic neurons was decreased, especially on the 5th and 7th days after poisoning (P ＜ 0.01). Hyperbaric oxygen promoted the expression of Bcl-2 in hippocampus of modeled rats, especially on the 3rd and 5th days after Coexposure (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: General delayed neuronal injury is found in the acute CO poisoning rat, with the presence of delayed neuronal necrosis and apoptosis. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment can effectively reduce denatured and necrotic neurons and promote the expression of apoptosis-inhibiting gene bcl-2, then inhibit neuronal necrosis and apoptosis.

Objective To evaluate the left ventricle geometry shape and left heart regional function in mitral insufficiency (MI) by quantitative tissue velocity imaging (QTVI) and the left ventricle systolic and diastolic geometry spbericity index. Methods Thirty normal subjects and 62 MI patients underwent QTVI and color Doppler imaging (CDFI) were enrolled in this study in order to measure the left ven-tricular geometry shape and left ventrieular regional function along LV apical long-axis view. Off-line LV regional velocity images along LV apical long-axis view were synchronously obtained. Peak tissue velocities of LV regional muscular tissue during systole(Vs),systolic acceler-ation(a), early diastole(Ve), LA contraction(Va)were synchronously measured as the index of left ventricular regional systolic and dias-tolic function. The left ventricle geometry shape index were reflected from the systolic and diastolic geometry sphericity index (SIs and Sid) and the left ventrieular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the peak D and peak a (PVd/PVa) of pulmonary veins flowing spectrum reflected the global left ventricular function index. The Vs, Ve, Va, a, PVd/PVd ratio, LVEF, SIs, SId were recorded and their correlation between normal subjects and patients with MI were compared. Result Vs, Ve,Va,a,PVd/ PVa ratio,SIs,SId in patients with MI were significantly re-duced. There was positive relation between Sis and a(r=0.602)and Ve/Va and SId(r=0.635). Conclusion There was negative rela-tion between regional cardiac function and LV spberieity, the higher cardiac function was accompanied with the lower SI.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep) questionnaire in measuring the quality of life in patients with primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) in China. METHODS: FACT-Hep questionnaire was translated into Chinese and revised properly. From September 2005 to April 2006, one hundred and eighty patients with primary liver carcinoma were admitted and measured by using the Chinese version of FACT-Hep questionnaire, and the reliabilities, validities and responsibilities of the questionnaire were assessed. RESULTS: Correlation coefficient was higher between items and dimension of their corresponding domain (0.5933+/-0.1652) than that between the items and other domains (0.2749+/-0.1922). Six principal constituents were extracted by factor analysis and represented all domains of the questionnaire. The combinations of components were consistent with what was expected. The correlation coefficient of criterion-related validity was 0.828. The test-retest reliability correlation coefficients of physical, social/family, emotion, function, symptom and total questionnaire were 0.731, 0.334, 0.953, 0.786, 0.785 and 0.801 respectively, and the values of Cronbach's alpha were 0.7397, 0.4193, 0.7914, 0.8250, 0.8399 and 0.9161, respectively. There were statistical differences in scores of FACT-Hep questionnaire in different PHC stages or in different Child-Pugh classes (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The FACT-Hep questionnaire can measure the quality of life in patients with PHC with good reliability, validity and responsiveness; it can be used in assessing the disease-specific health-related quality of life of patients with hepatobiliary cancers.

To explore the therapeutic efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) for persistent heel pain.A total of 98 patients of persistent heel pain were randomly divided into ESW treatment and control groups (n =49 each).Treatment group had ESW while control group received infrared physical therapy.And their visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were assessed.After one course of treatment, VAS heel pain and function scores were (39.6 ± 6.2) and (25.1 ± 4.6) in ESW group versus (32.3 ± 6.5) and (17.4 ±7.2) in control group.And before treatment, (16.5 ±4.6) and (14.4 ±8.6), (16.1 ±4.7) and (14.6 ± 8.4) respectively.Heel pain significantly decreased with functional improvement (all P ＜ 0.05).After one course, the effective rate was 65％ (32/49) in treatment group.And the improvement rate of 31％ (15/49) was better than control group [27％ (13/49) and 63％ (31/49)] (all P ＜ 0.05).ESW treatment of persistent heel pain was more efficacious than physical therapy and it could be applied clinically.